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Question 1

Describe S.aureus

Answer 1

Gram positive cocci
In clusters of either 2, 4 or 8

Question 2

Describe S. Pneumo

Answer 2

Gram positive cocci in chains or diplococci

Alpha haemolysis

Question 3

Describe haemophilus

Answer 3

Gram negative coccobacilli

grey coloured colonies - that will grow only on chocolate agar

Question 4

Describe Moraxella

Answer 4

Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, Gram-negative, diplococcus

Moraxella species grow well on blood or chocolate agar.

Moraxella are catalase and oxidase positive

M. Catarrhalis is nonmotile and aerobic

M. Catarrhalis = hockeypuck colonies

Question 5

Describe GNBs
(5)

Answer 5

Divided into lactose and non lactose fermenters

Lactose fermenters (pink) = E. Coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacterales

Non lactose fermenters (yellow) = Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Proteus

Pseudomonas = oxidase positive

Burkholderia is a GNB

Question 6

What are the growth requirements for Haemophilus?

Answer 6

Haemophilus influenzae requires hemin (factor X) and NAD+ (factor V) for growth.
Other Haemophilus species require only NAD+ and therefore grow on blood agar.

Question 7

What infections does M. Catarrhalis cause?

Answer 7

Ear infections and respiratory infections
Otitis media

Question 8

What are the confirmatory tests for S. aureus?

Answer 8

Staphy slide test +
Dnase +
Coag +
API biochemical tests
Maldi
Vitek

Question 9

What antibiotic is S. aureus sensitive to?

Answer 9

Cloxacillin

Question 10

What antibiotic is MRSA resistant to?

Answer 10

Cloxacillin

Question 11

What are the most common organisms involved in lung infections

Answer 11

S. pneumoniae
S. aureus
GNBs
Haemophilus
Pseudomonas
M. Catarrhalis

Question 12

What is the confirmatory test for S. pneumoniae?

Answer 12

Optochin susceptibility testing
S. pneumo = optochin susceptible
Non pneumo streps = optochin resistant

Question 13

What colour is S. aureus

Answer 13

Golden coloured colonies