Random Practice Question Review

Question 1

What is the duty factor for CWD?

Answer 1

1.0

Duty facto is 1.0 or 100% because the CW ultrasound beam is always “on”

Question 2

What is the formula for MV Regurgitant Volume?

Answer 2

SV (MV inflow) - SV (LVOT)

Question 3

What is the formula for MV EROA?

Answer 3

EROA = MV (Regurgitant Volume) / TVI (MR Jet)

MV (Regurgitant Volume) = (SV MV Inflow) - (SV LVOT)

Question 4

Regurgitant Fraction = What equation?

Answer 4

Regurgitant Fraction = Regurgitant Volume / SV _{MV Inflow}

Question 5

What is the e’ (Lateral mitral annula tissue doppler) in restrictive diastolic dysfunction?

Answer 5

E’ < 8 cm/sec

Question 6

In restrictive disease, the E/A ratio is:

Unchanged, increased or decreased?

Answer 6

Increased

Question 7

In restrictive disease, the IVRT (Isovolumetric relaxation time) is:

Unchanged, increased or decreased?

Answer 7

IVRT is decreased (<110 msec)

Question 8

In restrictive disease, what is the relationship between S and D wave for pulmonary veins?

Answer 8

S wave < D Wave

Question 9

What is the systolic function of CP?

Answer 9

Normal

Question 10

What is the systolic function of RICM?

Answer 10

Normal

Question 11

What is the Vp (velocity of propagation (Vp)) for CP?

Answer 11

Elevated

Question 12

What is the Vp (velocity of propagation (Vp)) for RICM?

Answer 12

Decreased

Question 13

What is the e’ in RICM?

Answer 13

e’ < 8 cm/sec

Question 14

What is the e’ in CP?

Answer 14

>12 cm/sec

Question 15

What is heard on auscultation with CP?

Answer 15

Pericardial Knock

Question 16

What is heard on auscultation with RICM?

Answer 16

S3

Question 17

When will you see reversal of hepatic venous flow in CP?

Answer 17

Expiration

Question 18

When will you see reversal of hepatic venous flow in RICM?

Answer 18

Inspiration

R I CM

Question 19

Is there exagerrated respiratory variabtion in ventricular filling during spontaneous ventilation with CP?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Is there exagerrated respiratory variabtion in ventricular filling during spontaneous ventilation with RICM?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Do you have Ventricular interdependence in CP?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

Do you have Ventricular interdependence in RICM?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What is Snell Law?

Answer 23

Sin Angle t = Sine Angle i = V2 / V1

Question 24

How many Hertz is a MHz?

Answer 24

1 MHz = 1 x 10⁶ hz

Question 25

What is the formulat for acoustic impedence?

Answer 25

***_Density of medium_*** x ***_velocity_*** Impedence is the acoustic resistnce to sound traveling in the medium

Question 26

What is the formula for resonant frequency?

Answer 26

***_Velocity of the sound in the crystal_*** / ***_[2 (Thickness in the crystal)]_***

Question 27

What is the formula for near field length?

Answer 27

Ln = r² / wavelength r = radius of transducer face

Question 28

Q factor equation?

Answer 28

RF / BW RF = Resonant frequency BW = Bandwidth

Question 29

Whata is the equation for the Doppler shift?

Answer 29

Change in F (FR - Ft) = V cos (Angle) 2 FT / C Ft = Transmitted frequency Fr = Received frequency c = 1540 m/s

Question 30

Most echocardiography machines operate in what frequency range?

Answer 30

2-10 MHz

Question 31

How does transmitral A-wave velocity change with age?

Answer 31

Transmitral A-wave velocity **increases** with age

Question 32

How does IVRT change with age?

Answer 32

Increases

Question 33

How does transmitral E wave deceleration time change with age?

Answer 33

Increases

Question 34

How does LV filling change with age?

Answer 34

LV filling **decreases** with age

Question 35

How does M mode Vp change with age?

Answer 35

Decreases with age