Rapid Review: Infectious Disease Flashcards
(48 cards)
The 3 most common causes of fever of unknown origin
Infection, cancer, and autoimmune disease
Four signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis
Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough
A nonsuppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by treatment of primary infection
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
The most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis
Viral URI
Asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to these organisms
Encapsulated organisms: pneumococcus, meningococcus, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella
The number of bacteria needed on a clean-catch specimen to diagnose a UTI
10^5 bacteria/mL
Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs
Pregnant women. Treat aggressively
A patient from Ca or Az presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Diagnosis? Treatment?
Coccidioidomycosis; amphotericin B
Nonpainful chancre
Primary syphilis
A blueberry muffin rash is characteristic of what congenital infection?
Rubella
Meningitis in neonates. Causes? Treatment?
GBS, E coli, Listeria. Treat with gentamicin and ampicillin
Meningitis in infants. Causes? Treatment?
Pneumococcus, meingococcus, H influenze. Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin
What should always be done prior to LP?
Check for increased ICP; look for papilledema
CSF findings:
- Low glucose, PMN predominance
- Normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance
- Numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples
- Increased gamma globulins
- Bacterial meningitis
- Aseptic (viral meningitis
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- MS
Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy; evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Treatment?
Cutaneous anthrax. Treat with penicillin G or ciprofloxacin
Findings in tertiary syphilis
Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms
Characteristics of secondary Lyme disease
Arthralgias, mirgratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis
Cold agglutinins
Mycoplasma
A 24 year old man presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Diagnosis? Workup? Treatment?
Candidal thrush. Workup should include an HIV test. Treat with nystatin oral suspension
At what CD4 count should Pneumocystitis jiroveci penumonia prophylaxis be initated in an HIV+ patient?
Risk factors for pyelonephritis
Pregnancy, vesicouretral reflux, anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones
Neutropenic nadir postchemotherapy
7-10 days
Erythema migrans
Lesion of primary lyme disease
Classic physical findings for endocarditis
Fever, heart murmur, Osler’s nodes, splinter hemorrages, Janeway lesions, Roth’s spots
