reactivity series

Question 1

the order of reactivity of metals can be determined by

Answer 1

their reactions with water and acid

Question 2

most reactive metals react with water and form

Answer 2

metal hydroxide and hydrogen

Question 3

metals just below calcium,

Answer 3

react very slowly with water

Question 4

what metals don’t react at all with water (3)

Answer 4

copper, silver and gold

Question 5

balanced symbol equation for potassium reacting with water

Answer 5

2K (s) + 2H₂O (l) —— 2KOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 6

balanced symbol equation for sodium reacting with water

Answer 6

2Na (s) + 2H₂0 (L) -> 2NaOH (ag) + H₂ (g)

Question 7

balanced symbol equation for lithium when reacting with water

Answer 7

2Li(s) + 2H₂0 (L) ->2LiOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 8

balanced symbol equation for calcium when reacting with water

Answer 8

Ca (s) + 2H₂0 (L) -> Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 9

order of the reactivity of metals (11)

Answer 9

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
Silver
Gold

people say little children make a zebra, i constantly sniff giraffes

Question 10

reactions becomes ____ vigorous as you go down the reactivity series

Answer 10

less

Question 11

only metals above ___ will react with acid

Answer 11

iron ( including iron)

Question 12

metals react with an acid to form

Answer 12

a salt and hydrogen

MASH = metal + acid —> salt. + hydrogen

Question 13

symbol of sulfuric acid

Answer 13

H₂SO₄

Question 14

Symbol of hydrochloric acid

Answer 14

HCl

Question 15

equation of reaction of magnesium and sulfuric acid

Answer 15

Mg (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → MgSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 16

equation of reaction of zinc and sulfuric acid

Answer 16

Zn (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 17

equation of reaction of iron and sulfuric acid

Answer 17

Fe (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → FeSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 18

equation of reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid

Answer 18

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 19

equation of reaction of zinc and hydrochloric acid

Answer 19

Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 20

equation of reaction of iron and hydrochloric acid

Answer 20

Fe (s) + 2HCl (aq) → FeCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 21

what actually/physically happens when a metal reacts with an acid

Answer 21

the metal will disappear, and there will be effervescence as bubbles of hydrogen gas are produced

Question 22

in the physical reaction, the more reactive the metal (acid reaction), then the

Answer 22

quicker the metal will disappear and the more vigorous the effervescence

Question 23

a displacement reaction is when

Answer 23

a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

Question 24

in a displacement reaction, what is the reducing agent

Answer 24

the element that displaces

Question 25

in a displacement reaction, what is the reduced

Answer 25

the element that gets displaced

Question 26

can a displacement reaction happen in a solution

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

in a displacement reaction, if a reactant is a solid then it will

Answer 27

disappear

Question 28

if a product is a solid in a displacement reaction, it will

Answer 28

form

Question 29

if a product and reactant are aqueous in a displacement reaction, what do you observe

Answer 29

if there is a colour change

Question 30

displacement reactions happen between (2)

Answer 30

a more reactive metal and the oxide of a less reactive metal OR a more reactive metal and a solution of a salt of a less reactive metal

Question 31

corrosion on the surface of metals happens when

Answer 31

they are exposed to the environment for long periods of time

Question 32

rusting is a specific type of corrosion which happens when

Answer 32

Iron reacts with water and oxygen

Question 33

what does the rusting of iron form ( equation)

Answer 33

Iron + water+ oxygen ---> hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 34

what is the prdouct of rusting or iron

Answer 34

rust, or hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 35

are both water and oxygen needed for iron to rust

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

coating the surface of iron with a barrier does what

Answer 36

prevents water and oxygen from coming into contact with the iron so that rusting doesn't happen

Question 37

what are the most common barriers ( 3) for iron

Answer 37

- painting - greasing or oiling - coating with plastic

Question 38

barrier only works if

Answer 38

the iron is completely covered

Question 39

oxidation is

Answer 39

the loss of electrons ( OIL RIG)

Question 40

Reduction is

Answer 40

the gain of electrons ( OIL RIG)

Question 41

WHAT IS SACRIFICIAL PROTECTION

Answer 41

when ( usually zinc) a more reactive metal is attached to a less reactive metal (iron) and so the more reactive metal will be oxidised instead of iron

Question 42

what is galvanising

Answer 42

when a layer of zinc is put around the iron in order to protect it from rusting

Question 43

if the zinc coating in galvanising is scratched then what happens

Answer 43

there will be sacrificial protection, so the zinc is the one That will lose electrons and so react and become oxidised instead of the iron

Question 44

3 main methods of protection for iron against rusting

Answer 44

- Barrier - sacrificial protection - galvanising

Question 45

rusting is a oxidation or reduction reaction

Answer 45

oxidation

Question 46

an oxidising agent is

Answer 46

a substance that oxidises another substance and becomes reduced in the process

Question 47

what is a reducing agent

Answer 47

a substance that causes another substance to be reduced

Question 48

PRACTICAL - Investigate Metals reacting with acids

Answer 48

- wear safety goggles - add some dilute hydrochloric acid to a small measuring cylinder to 3 test tubes - to first tube add magnesium ribbon and note down what you see - then use a lighted splint to see if any gasses were given off - add iron filings to second test tube and do the same - add zinc turnings to third and do same - repeat the experiment with sulfuric acid