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Reactivity Series Flashcards

(52 cards)

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0
Q

Electrolysis is the … Method of extraction but is … Since it uses a vast amount of electricity

A

Most powerful

Very expensive

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1
Q

How are the extraction of aluminium and iron related to their positions in the reactivity series

A
  • both do not react to cold water
  • both react to steam without burning
  • after reaction with steam form a metal oxide and hydrogen
  • iron reacts with less vigour to aluminium with dilute acids to form the metal salt and hydrogen
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2
Q

Electrolysis of metals of the …

A

Molten chloride or molten oxide

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3
Q

When are ionic compounds able to conduct electricity

A

When molten/in an aqueous solution

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4
Q

When an electric current passes through a molten/an aqueous solution of an ionic compound what is taken place

A

Electrolysis

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5
Q

What is electrolysis

A

The decomposition (chemical breakdown) of a substance by passing an electric current through it

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6
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

the substance that is being electrolysed

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7
Q

What is an electrode

A

The electrical connection between the electrolyte and the external electrical circuit

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8
Q

What is a positive electrode called

A

Anode

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9
Q

What is a negative electrode called

A

Cathode

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10
Q

The metal in electrolysis is formed at the

A

Negative electrode (aluminium)

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11
Q

The non metal in electrolysis is formed at the

A

Positive electrode (oxygen)

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12
Q

Symbol for aluminium oxide

A

Al2O3

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13
Q

Reaction at the negative electrode (cathode)

A
  • positive metal ions (cation) attracted to negative electrode
  • when get to electrode they gain electrons so they convert into their atoms
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14
Q

Reaction at the positive electrode (anode)

A
  • negative non metal ions (anion) attracted to positive electrode
  • when get back to the electrode lose electrons to form atoms
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15
Q

For aluminium reaction at cathode

A

Al3 + 3e- –> Al

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16
Q

For aluminium reaction at anode

A

2O2- –> O2 + 4e-

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17
Q

For aluminium electrolysis what is the anode made from

A

Graphite (carbon)

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18
Q

In aluminium electrolysis what is the cathode made out of

A

Graphite (carbon)

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19
Q

What is the electrolyte in aluminium extraction

A

A solution of aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite

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20
Q

What is the main ore of aluminium

21
Q

Before electrolysis bauxite is first what to produce what

Study These Flashcards
A

Purified to produce aluminium oxide

22
Q

Al2O3 has a very high melting point which is why it is dissolved in … To make the electrolyte

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A

Molten cryolite

23
Q

When the aluminium melts and collects at the bottom of the cell it is then…

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A

Tapped/syphoned off at the taping hole

24
In electrolysis some oxygen produced at the anode reacts with the graphite to produce
CO2, meaning the anode needs to be regularly replaced as it burns
25
Aluminium useful properties
Conductor of heat and electricity Low density Resists corrosion as a tough layer of aluminium oxide on surface protects it
26
Where is bauxite usually found
Jamaica
27
Useful properties of iron
Abundant Cheap Strong Used mainly to make steel
28
4 raw materials needed for blast furnace
Haematite Limestone Coke Hot air
29
What is coke used for in a blast furnace
Made from coal, heated but not burned, rich in the element carbon
30
What is haematite used for in the blast furnace
The iron ore, mainly iron(iii) oxide (Fe2O3)
31
What is limestone in a blast furnace
Consists mainly of the compound calcium carbonate (CaCO3), reacts with the impurities in the haematite
32
Hot air is blasted where
In the bottom of the blast furnace (convection)
33
Iron ore, coke and limestone are mixed together and
Feed into the top of the blast furnace
34
In a blast furnace the temperature needs to remain high so the carbon is burned therefore
To help the carbon burn quicker hot air is blasted at the bottom to help keep oxygen present
35
When carbon burns in the blast furnace it produces two gases
Carbon dioxide C + O2 --> CO2 Carbon monoxide CO2 + C --> 2CO
36
The gases produced when carbon is burned move up through the blast furnace, the carbon monoxide
reacts with iron ore that is mixed up in the furnace
37
Iron ore equation
Fe2O3
38
Balanced equation for carbon monoxide and iron ore
Fe2O3 + 3CO --> 2Fe + 3CO2
39
The molten iron that is formed in a blast furnace trickles ... Inside the furnace and ... at the bottom
Down | Collects
40
The CO2 formed in a blast furnace moves ... Inside the furnace and escapes at the ..,
Up | Top
41
Limestone in a blast furnace is used to
Remove natural impurities in the haematite
42
Product of the reaction between haematite and limestone is
Slag
43
Slag in a blast furnace trickles down to the bottom as it is dense but
Forms a layer that floats on top of molten iron as it is less dense than that
44
Slag is useful for
Using it as rubble to build roads
45
Aluminium used as aeroplane bodies
high strength to weight ratio
46
Aluminium used as overhead power cables
Good conductor of electricity
47
Aluminium used for saucepans
Good conductor of heat
48
Aluminium used as food cans
Non toxic
49
Aluminium used as window frames
Resists corrosion
50
Iron used as car bodies, iron nails, ships, bridges
Used to make steel, strong (withstands collisions)
52
Reactivity series in decreasing order remember ...( Pratt Sometimes Likes Cooking Meth And Cant Znort It Till Lucy's High Cuz She's Grim Phucked)
``` Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Carbon Zinc Iron Tin Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold Platinum ```

Chemistry (11 decks)

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