reflection and refraction Flashcards

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1
Q

when does reflection happen?

A

when a wave changes direction back to the same medium at a boundary

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2
Q

what is reflection normally represented on?

A

a ray diagram

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3
Q

what is the normal?

A

an imaginary line which we measure angles from that is always perpendicular to the boundary

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4
Q

what is the angle of incidence?

A

the angle the incidence ray makes with the normal

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5
Q

what is the angle of reflection?

A

the angle the reflected ray makes with the normal

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6
Q

what is the law of reflection?

A

the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

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7
Q

when does refraction happen?

A

when a wave changes direction when travelling into a different media at a boundary

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8
Q

what of a wave changes when refracted?

A

the speed and wavelength- not the frequency

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9
Q

the normal is at what type of angle to the boundary?

A

right angles

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10
Q

from less dense (eg glass to air) what happens to the light?

A

it bends TOWARDS the normal

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11
Q

from more dense to less dense (eg glass to air) light….

A

bends AWAY from the normal

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12
Q

when light passes into a denser substance what happens to the rays?

A

the rays will slow down

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13
Q

what is the independent variable in the refraction of light practical?

A

shape of the block

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14
Q

what is the dependant variable in the refraction of light practical?

A

direction of refraction

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15
Q

what are the control variables in the refraction of light practical?

A

the width of the light beam and the same frequency/ wavelength of the light

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16
Q

why will we need a ray box?

A

to provide a narrow beam of light to reflect in the mirror

17
Q

why will we need a protractor?

A

to measure the light beam angles

18
Q

why will we need a sheet of paper?

A

to mark with lines for angle measurement

19
Q

why will we need a pencil?

A

to mark perpendicular lines and angle lines on paper

20
Q

why will we need a ruler?

A

to draw lines on paper

21
Q

why will we need a rectangular block, semi- circular block and a prism?

A

to refract the light beam

22
Q

1st step of the practical?

A

place the glass block on a sheet on paper and draw around it using a pencil

23
Q

2nd step?

A

switch on the ray box and direct a beam of light at the side face of the block

24
Q

3rd step?

A

mark on the paper:
a point on the ray close to the ray box
the point where the ray enters the block
the point where the ray exits the block
a point on the exit light ray which is a distance of about 5cm away from the block

25
Q

4th step?

A

draw a dashed line normal to the outline of the block where the points are

26
Q

5th step?

A

remove the block and join the points marked with 3 straight lines

27
Q

6th step?

A

replace the block within its outline and repeat the above process for a ray striking the block at a different angle

28
Q

7th step?

A

repeat the procedure for each shape of block- the prism and the semi- circle