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Ultrasound Physics > Registry review 1 > Flashcards

Registry review 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

______________ the effects of the medium upon the sound wave

Acoustic Propagation Properties
Wavelength
Frequency
Bandwidth

A

Acoustic Propagation Properties

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2
Q

What is the units for Amplitude? May be more that one.
Mhz
Tesla
Pascals
dB
distance

A

dB
Pascals

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3
Q

_________ The time required to complete a single cycle.
Wavelength
Frequency
Period
Amplitude

A

Period

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4
Q

__________ is the distance covered by one cycle
pulse length
wavelength
cycle distance
cycle duration

A

wavelength

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5
Q

___________ is the time to complete one cycle
pulse duration
pulse period
period
duration period

A

period

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6
Q

____________ are regions of higher density and pressure
Rarefractions
Compressions
Period
Acoustic variables

A

Compressions

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7
Q

A pulse collection of cycles that travel together are called pulsed sound

True
False

A

True

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8
Q

A wave with a frequency of 15,000 Mhz is ultrasonic? Watch your units..

True
False

A

True

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9
Q

All but one are acoustic parameters. Which one is not a parameter
period
frequency
amplitude
Power
Intensity
speed
wavelength
Pulse Repetition Frequency

A

Pulse Repetition Frequency

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10
Q

As a result of ___________ the propagation speed increases
increasing stiffness and increasing density
increasing stiffness and increaing elasticity
decreasing compressiblity and decreasing density
decreasing stiffness and decreasing density

A

decreasing compressiblity and decreasing density

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11
Q

As sound propagates through the body. What happens to the power
increases

decreases

A

decreases

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12
Q

Compressibility and Elasticity are the same as stiffness?
True

False

A

False

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13
Q

How are frequency and period related? If you increase frequency what happens to period
increases
decreases

A

decreases

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14
Q

How are Frequency and Wavelength related? If you increase you frequency what happens to wavelength

decreases
increases
doubles
quarters

A

decreases

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15
Q

If the frequency of US is increased from .77 Mhz to 1.54Mhz, what happens to the wavelength?
doubles
halves
remains same
4 times greater

A

halves

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16
Q

If you increase stiffness the speed will decrease?
True
False

A

False

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17
Q

Number of certain events that occur in a particular time duration.
wavelength
period
frequency
amplitude

A

frequency

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18
Q

Occurs when the amplitude of the new, combined wave is greater than the original two waves. In-phase waves interfere____________

constructive Interference
Destructive Interference

A

constructive Interference

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19
Q

Particles move in a perpendicular direction ( right angles or 90 degree to the direction of the wave:
longitudinal wave
transverse wave
Horizontal wave
Tidal wave

A

transverse wave

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20
Q

Propagation speed + _________x wavelength
pulse duration
period
number of cycles in the pulse
frequency

A

frequency

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21
Q

Pulse repetition period is the time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse?

PRP pulse rep period
PRF pulse rep freq
Pulse duration
Spatial pulse length

A

PRP pulse rep period

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22
Q

Put these typical values in order from slow to fast according to there propagation speed. tendon, bone, air, fat, soft tissue, lung

Air, lung, fat, soft tissue, tendon, bone

A

Air, lung, fat, soft tissue, tendon, bone

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23
Q

Sound is a transverse, mechanical wave?
True

False

A

False

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24
Q

Sound waves are
electric
mechanical, transverse
spectral
longitudinal, mechanical

A

longitudinal, mechanical

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25
The difference between the average value and the maximum value of an acoustic variable. The variation of an acoustic variable. Amplitude Frequency Power Intensity
Amplitude
25
The rate that sound travels through a medium. Also called velocity or speed. Propagation speed power amplitude intensity
Propagation speed
26
What is the Frequency of US 19,000 khz 10,000 Mhz 20,000 msec 20,000 Hz
20,000 Hz
26
T or F: The power Doppler evaulates speed and direction. T F
F
27
How many PZT crystals does a PW transducer have? 1 2 3 4
1
27
The time from START of a pulse to the END of that pulse, the actual time the pulse is on Pulse Duration Pulse Repetition period Pulse Repetition Frequency Pulse
Pulse Duration
27
T or F: Undampened transmitted signal, narrow bandwidth, high quality factor, and higher sensitivity are related to cw transducers T F
T
28
The percentage or fraction of time that the system transmits sound. Important when discussing intensities. Duty Factor Period PRP PRF
Duty Factor
28
T or F: the sonographer positions a small marker called sample volume, or gate while in CW mode T F No answer text provided.
F
29
Does CW transducers have backing material no yes
no
30
What effects penetration and axial resolution (image quality) Frequency Amplitude Period Wavelength
Frequency
30
Which transducer has the ability to select the exact location where velocities are measured? pw cw
pw
31
which of the following is determined by the source and the medium? frequency period propagation speed range resolution
range resolution
32
What is the relationship of power and amplitude? If the amplitude is doubled, the power is ______ Quadrupled Halved Quartered doubled
Quadrupled
33
This is the equation for? __________ watts/cm2 = power/beam area cm2 Intensity Wavelength Power Frequency
Intensity
34
A false identity is describing? aliasing shadowing speckle
aliasing
35
What is the main advantage the CW has over the PW? range resolution anatomical imaging measure high velocities non directional or speed
measure high velocities
36
All except one are ways to reduce aliasing in pw adjust scale to minimum select a new view selec a lower freq us cw
adjust scale to minimum
37
When two waves overlap at the same location and at the same instant in time, they combine into one new wave. Interference frequency Phase Annoying
Interference
38
Which is not an acoustic variable density pressure distance intensity
intensity
39
The nyquist is ___ of the pulse repetition freq. double one half quadrupled 1/4
one half
40
Flow towards the transducer will display the velocities? above baseline below baseline not at all
above baseline
41
A disadvantage of ____ is inaccurate measurement of high velocities. pw cw
pw
42
The number of pulses that occur in one second. pulse rep period pulse rep frequency duty factor Q factor
pulse rep frequency
43
Color maps uses a dictionary, or lookup table, to convert measured _____into colors that appear on the image. frequency velocities pressures energies
velocities
44
T or F: Aliasing is only created in CW Doppler T F
F
45
What is the most common error assoc with Doppler US shadowing burst artifact splash aritfact aliasing
aliasing
46
Which of the below transducers emits a sound pulse and then waits that time of flight before briefly listening for a reflection. PW CW
PW
47
Velocity information is coded into colors and superimposed on a two-dimensional gray scale, anatomic image describes what? Color Doppler pwdoppler frequency cw
Color Doppler
48
The two components of pulsed ultrasound are 1. the cycles( on or transmit time) and 2. the dead time ( off time or receive time) True False
True
49
The effects of soft tissue on US are called acoustic proliferation properties dynamic propagation acoustic propagation properties Biologic effects
acoustic propagation properties
50
High velocity flow in one direction is incorrectly displayed as traveling in the opposite direction. range ambiguity range resolution aliasing
aliasing
51
T or F: the dictionaries are called velocity mode and variance mode. T F
T
52
What is the units for Wavelength Correct! meters, mm or any unit of length dB watts 14,000 Gigawatts
meters, mm or any unit of length
53
The time from the beginning of a pulse until its end is___________? period pulse duration pulse length PRF
pulse duration
54
Which of the below reports average or mean vleocities? pw cw color doppler
color doppler
55
What is the pairing that belongs to the prefix giga? nano mega deca deci
nano
56
The rate at work is performed, or the rate of energy transfer Intensity Power Amplitude Voltage
Power
57
The very top of the display is called the ______ and the part of the spectrum appearing at the bottom is called aliasing speed limit nyquist limit nyquil night time No answer text provided.
nyquist limit
58
Can a dedicated cw transducer create an anatomical image yes no
no
59
How many crystals does the CW transducer use 1 2 3 4
2
60
The length or distance that an entire pulse occupies in space. The distance from the start to the end of one pulse is spatial pulse length? True False
True
61
The speed closest to US in soft tissue 1,540 km/sec 1.54 km/msec 1,500 m/s 1,540 mm/sec
1,500 m/s
62
Which mode provide info on flow direction and velocity only velocity mode variance mode
velocity mode
63
What can we do to get rid of aliasing? raise baseline lower freq transducer change patients
lower freq transducer
64
The crystal alternates between sending and receiving sound pulses. This describes which transducer PW CW MW A&W
PW
65
What is the limitation of CW? range resolution range ambiguity
range ambiguity
66
Wide of the below has a wide bandwidth? pw cw
pw
67
In PW the US system then calculates the ___________ for a sound pulse traveling to a form the gate. frequency period time of flight time of day
time of flight
68
What happens to the color scanning at a 90 degree angle in color doppler red blue black nothing
black

Ultrasound Physics (17 decks)

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