Artifacts Registry Review

Question 1

___ appears when the beam dimension is greater than the reflector size
refraction
axial resolution
slice thickness
propagation speed error

Answer 1

slice thickness

Question 2

Occurs when a sound wave strikes a boundary obliquely and the media on either side of the boundary have different propagation speed
slice thickness
mirror image
shadow
refration

Answer 2

refraction

Question 3

_ artifact appear when sound energy is transmitted in a direction other thatn along the beam’s main axis
mirror image
speed error
refraction
slice thickness
lobes

Answer 3

lobes

Question 4

is created when closely spaced reverberations merge
reverberation
comet tail
shadow
side lobes

Answer 4

comet tail

Question 5

A second copy of true reflector appears deeper that the true reflector
shadow
reverberation
mirror image
crosstalk

Answer 5

mirror image

Question 5

Also known as ring down artifact?
reverberation
comet tail
shadow
enhancement

Answer 5

comet tail

Question 6

Appears as hypoechoic or anechoic region extending downward from a strong attenuating medium
enhancement
comet tail
reverbertation
edge shadow
shadow

Answer 6

shadow

Question 7

Artifact appears as a hyperechoic region beneath tissues with abnormally low attenuation
shadow
reverbertation
edge shadow
mirror image
enhancement

Answer 7

enhancement

Question 8

Artifact is created weehn a long pulse strikes two closely spaced structures, where one in front of the other, or parallel to the main axis of the ultrasound beam

Axial resolution
Lateral resolution
Elevational resolution

Answer 8

Axial resolution

Question 9

Artifact is related to the dimension of the beam perpendicular to the imaging plane.

slice thickness
refraction
lateral resolution
axial resolution

Answer 9

slice thickness

Question 10

Artifact is created when sound pulses glance off a second structure on the way to or from the primary reflector.

multipath
lateral resolution
Axial resolution
refraction

Answer 10

multipath

Question 11

Artifact occurs when a sound pulse changes direction during transmission
slice thickness
refraction
reflection
beam bending

Answer 11

refraction

Question 11

Artifact occurs when the beam is wider than the distance between two reflectors that are located side by side or perpendicular to the beam.
Axial resolution
Lateral resolution
Elevational resolution
Multipath

Answer 11

Lateral resolution

Question 12

Artifart appears as multiple, equally spaced echoes caused by bouncing of the sound wave between two strong reflectors positioned parallel to the ultrasound beam
shadow
comet tail
reveberation
enhancement

Answer 12

reveberation

Question 12

Edge shadow is also called?

shadowing by refraction
shadowing by bending
shadowing by Guicci

Answer 12

shadowing by refraction

Question 13

Grating lobes can be further reduced by a process called?
subdicing
apodization
oxidization
revolation

Answer 13

apodization

Question 14

Imaging plane is very thin? T or F

T
F

Answer 14

T

Question 15

In a Refraction artifact where is the second copy of the reflector?

side by side
below
above

Answer 15

side by side

Question 15

In which a side to side region of an image appears brighter than tissues at other depths
mirror image
side lobes
reverberation
focal enhancement

Answer 15

focal enhancement

Question 16

Is a special form of shadowing that appears as a hypoechoic region extending along the edge of a curved reflector
enhancement
shadow
edge shadow
reverbertation

Answer 16

edge shadow

Question 17

Is created when a sound wave propagates through a medium at a speed other thann soft tissue 1.54km/s
mirror image
speed error
grating lobes
side lobes

Answer 17

speed error

Question 18

Is temporal resolution better with high or low frame rates

high
low

Answer 18

high

Question 18

Is created when sound reflects off a strong reflector, and is redirected toward a second structure.
refraction
mirror image
reverberation
forcal enhancement

Answer 18

mirror image

Question 19

Lobe artifacts have different names based on?
Angle
Transducer
Positioning
Focus

Answer 19

Transducer

Question 20

Reflected freq- transmitted freq = Doppler shift Doppler positive negative doppler

Answer 20

Doppler shift

Question 20

Side lobes are created by what type of transducer? Linear Curved Array Mechanical Annular

Answer 20

Mechanical

Question 21

Solid hyperechoic line directed downward artifact shadow enhancement reverberation comet tail

Answer 21

comet tail

Question 21

Six assumptions of imaging systems. Sound travels in a straight line? T or F T F

Answer 21

T

Question 22

The motorcyle approaches and the sound gets louder. What is this called? negative doppler shift positive doppler shift neutral shift

Answer 22

positive doppler shift

Question 23

Positive shift is when the blood is moving ___ transducer toward away no change

Answer 23

toward

Question 24

The % of the true velocity that is measured depends on the _____ of the angle between the sound beam and direction of motion 2 velocity cosine speed

Answer 24

cosine

Question 24

Negative shift is when the sound is moving ___ the transducer away toward no change

Answer 24

away

Question 25

Is defined by a magnitude and a direction speed velocity distance direction

Answer 25

velocity

Question 26

What changes when the sound source and the reveiver move closer together or farther apart? power intensity harmonics frequency

Answer 26

frequency

Question 27

Which artifact resemble a ladder or venetian blind? comet tail reverberation shadow acoustic enhancement

Answer 27

reverberation

Question 28

Is purely a magnitude, indcates the distance that a red blood cell moves in one sec velocity speed amplitude

Answer 28

speed

Question 29

Sound travels in soft tissue at exactly 1,540m/sec T or F T F

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Which of the following create on reflection on the image from two closely spaced reflectors Axial Lateral Elevational

Answer 30

Axial

Question 31

Which of the below does Doppler frequency indicate? velocity speed amplitude distance

Answer 31

velocity

Question 32

What are lobe artifacts called when using an array probe side lobes grating lobes subdicing apodization

Answer 32

grating lobes

Question 33

If the transducer's frequency doubles the Doppler shift will ? remain the same double halve

Answer 33

double

Question 34

T or F: You have to turn on the Doppler equation for it to work? T F

Answer 34

F

Question 35

What resolution is determined by the thickness of the imaging plane Elevational Axial Lateral Longitudinal

Answer 35

Elevational

Question 35

T or F. In a lobe artifact the second copy of the true reflector are located side by side T F

Answer 35

T

Question 35

What is the standard cosine angle we use in clinical practice? We use this number since we cannot achieve 0 or 180? 0 50 60 75

Answer 35

60

Question 35

The stregth of a reflection is related to the characteristics of the tissue creating the reflection? T or F T F

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Is this the doppler equation? 2x velocity of blood x tx freq x transducer freq x cos/prop speed YES NO No answer text provided.

Answer 36

NO

Question 36

The ___ axis represents Doppler shift or velocity X Y Z M

Answer 36

Y

Question 37

T or F: The slower the velocity the greater the Doppler frequency T F

Answer 37

F

Question 38

What is another name for Doppler shift? Doppler Dan Doppler harmonics Doppler frequency

Answer 38

Doppler frequency

Question 39

The reflected frequency is ___ than the tranasmitted frequency to create positive shift higher lower same

Answer 39

higher

Question 40

In Doppler if we have a 90 degree to the vessel the image will be black with a ___doppler shift 10 100 180 0

Answer 40

0

Question 41

T or F: Doppler shifts are created when transmitted sound wave strike moving red blood cells. T F

Answer 41

T

Question 42

What does the 2 in the Doppler equation represent? two different frequency two doppler shifts two different images produced

Answer 42

two doppler shifts

Question 42

What is the process to reduce grating lobes artifact? subdicing slicing dicing angle correction

Answer 42

subdicing

Question 43

The ability to precisely postition a moving structure is called? Axial resolution Lateral resolution Temporal resolution Speckle

Answer 43

Temporal resolution

Question 44

The process of extracting the low Doppler freq from the transducers carrier frequency is called? compression compensating demodulation amplification

Answer 44

demodulation

Question 45

When an angle exists between the direction of flow and the sound beam, the measured velocity is ___ than the true velocity? less more same entire

Answer 45

less

Question 46

Which resolution is related to the overall detail in an image Temporal Spatial Axial Lateral

Answer 46

Spatial

Question 47

When the velocity is halved, the Doppler shift is ? doubled halved remains the same

Answer 47

halved

Question 47

Doppler shift is directly related to the ___ of the transmitted sound period speed velocity frequency

Answer 47

frequency

Question 48

When the blood cells are moving parallel to the sound beam, the _____ velocity is measured? 10% 50% 100% 150%

Answer 48

100%

Question 49

Which artifact appears as a step off, as if structures are split or cut speed error mirror image crosstalk side lobes

Answer 49

speed error

Question 50

Motion between the sound source and the receiver creates a __ change power frequency intensity pressure

Answer 50

frequency

Question 51

Measured velocity = true velocity x ____ cosine 0 speed harmonics frequency

Answer 51

cosine 0

Question 52

The ___ axis of a Doppler spectrum represents time? X Y Z M No answer text provided.

Answer 52

X

Question 53

Doppler shift is ___ related to the velocity of blood cells directly indirectly not related

Answer 53

directly

Question 54

Units for speed? cm2 Length cm/per sec distance

Answer 54

cm/per sec

Question 55

What artifact would you normally see behind a simple cyst shadow no change enhancement

Answer 55

enhancement

Question 56

Which of the two may display a small reflector as a wide line? Axial Lateral

Answer 56

Lateral