Reigate endogenous and exogenous factors Flashcards
(17 cards)
what are the endogenous factors of Reigate?
- Location
- topography
- infrastructure- transport
- built environment
- physical geography- soil, climate, geology
- land use
- demography
- economy
Reigate land use?
- residential= affluent due to low-density housing, green spaces etc
-few high rise buildings= keeps its historic charm - town centre= mix of independent shops, historic buildings etc
- open spaces e.g Reigate Priory Park
- business districts
- schools= attracts families and infleunces demographic
- farmland on outsirts
- lots of opportunities in retail= no need to travel long distances and lots of entertainment
- range of residential options
Reigate demography?
- population= 21,820 –> increase 9.5% higher than SE average
- white British dominant ethnicity (84%) –> lead to lack of cultural diversity and outsiders
- mainly everyday, middle aged ppl + families
–> mainly ppl aged 30-50s
Reigate economy?
- mainly tertiary economy –> service industry + range of jobs available for people –> high wealth
- Reigate + Banstead= home to 7000 + businesses including major international corporate headquarters and thriving population of medium sized enterprises
Reigate infrastructure- transport?
- Junction 2, M25 –> increases connectivity with areas of UK = commuter settlement
- close to LGW/LHR
- railway to London, Brighton, Reading
- A217- links to LGW + Crawley
- A25- links to Guildford
- good accessibility both nationally and internationally –> good commuter settlement
- businesses can locate due to transport links
- fast broadband coverage= businesses can operate effectively
BUT
heavy traffic around high street, air quality affects, lack of cycling lanes so need more sustainable transport
Reigate built environment?
- high building density, close to town centre
- terraced housing near centre e.g Holmesdale road –> Victorian housing
- further from centre= detached (attracts families), semi-detached (big gardens, family-friendly) e.g. Waterloo road
- town centre buildings= mix of victorian and georgian -> historic + prestige
- open space (priory park, reigate heath)
- not too over commercialised/urban
- wide range of housing types= caters for range of socio-economic groups but some house prices being too high and unaffordable for most
Reigate topopgraphy?
- Reigate hill= 220m (steep slope) –> natural boundary abd stop the town developing North –> contributes to high house prices and makes Reigate affluent (socio-economic groups) + exclusive –> wealthier often live on higher ground e.g. Beech Road (reigate hill). Reigate Hill also a place for recreational walking and has historical significance (e.g. Reigate fort was a location in WW2 for defending London
- North downs= hilly landscape
- diverse topography
–> topography = opportunity for high relief walking or outdoor activities, some houses on hillsides for views
Reigate physical geography (geology)?
geology- weald clay in lower and upper greensand
Reigate hill= chalk
Reigate stone= upper greensand mined in middle ages. used in St Mary’s church building.
sand stone caves (historic)
soil- poor sandy soils of Greensands + heavy clay of weald = difficult to cultivate –> physical geography= reigates classified as a a Surrey hills. AONB= enhances peoples lived experiences positively
Reigate physical geography (climate)?
mild, temperature, rainfall per annum
- 25% less than national average
- 2.2 hours more sunlight per week
–> this positively impacts ppls experience who live there
Reigate location?
surrey
20 miles south of London (40 min train to London Victoria)
North downs
SE England
near junction 8, M25
mainline in Reading
railway to Gatwick airport
Reigate location how does this affect its character?
- close proximity to london= can move here to commute to London easily etc –> influences demographic (more affluent + more professionals) + socio-economic (house prices have risen)
- near Junction 8 (M25)= increases connectivity with areas of UK –> makes it a commuter settlement
- SE England= high population density = high housing demand= more house building in Reigate e.g. West Vale park which was a greenfield site
- surrounded by countryside= opportunities for outdoor activities
- in gatwick diamond area= attracts businesses + TNCs e.g. Kimberley Clark
- historic charm= Reigate castle etc + modern development of shops etc
Reigate location how might it impact peoples lived experience?
- access to green space= opportunities for outdoor activities= healthy lifestyle, better mental health
- independent shops etc= local identity maintained
- affluent= offers job opportunities in finance etc
- those who live in Reigate can commute to London + enjoy benefits of Reigate –> people can afford Reigate housing over London
–> BUT prices increasing so people may feel like outsiders and can’t afford their homes + surrounding services
exogenous factors contributing to the character of Reigate?
flows of people (counter-urbanisation)
flows of capital (TNC’s, investment)
flows of resources
flows of ideas
Reigate flows of ideas?
- local environmental movements e.g. Reigate + Bansteads sustainability project= encourages eco-friendly policies e.g. better cycle routes + waste reduction schemes
- reigate college, Reigate grammar school etc= fostered educated population= contributes to towns high levels of civic engagement + participation in local governance
- rise independent businesses (e.g. Flint House, Chalk Hills Bakery) + creative industries party due to knowledge from London and beyond= shaped Reigates towns vibrant cafe culture + artisanal retail sector
- local events, community initiatives= strong cultural identity
-RGS= has prayer rooms, celebrates Ramadan etc - Architects in Reigate come from other countries etc e.g. Priory school = built in neo-clacissist style which was popular in France
- Run Reigate events
Reigate flows of people (counter-urbanisation)?
- Reigate is a favourable location, good transport links, green spaces etc = attracts ppl from london (who are often economically active + may be young)
- reigates human capital high due to flows of poeple, and it being an affluent commuter town
- becoming family orientated as it has lots of schools etc
- wealth of area increasing = house prices etc increase as demand increases
- ppl move to work in Towers Watson , Esure etc
Reigate flows of capital (TNCs, investment)?
- companies e.g. Willis, Towers Watson, Esure have established headquarters in Reigate= brings employment (local + regional) + encourages development of high end housing + services to tailor professionals eg. TNCs/chain stores locating in Reigate –> Morrisons, M+S, Pret etc
- house prices increase in London by 572% (1995-2021) due to demand= more flows of people
- reigate avg house price= £455,000 vs £375,000 across south east –> desirable place BUT affordability challenges for residents e.g. young ppl etc
- risks of Reigate becoming a clone town –> BUT ‘Love Reigate’ working to prevent this –> don’t want TNC’s etc to outcompete local businesses
Reigate flows of resources?
- infrastructure= large investment in road and rail infrastructure eg. Reigate station + near M25= increased connectivity + increased town attractiveness for commuters
- surrounding countryside= historically supported agriculture with farm produce contributing to Reigates local food markets + independent restaurants –> upmarket town with strong local economy
- £3000 annual ticket- allows econoically active workforce to commute to work and get highly paid –> 30% Reigates total employment population work in London
- residents get opportunity to shop local = sustainable etc
- road congestion though
- can get to london in less than an hour
