Releasing Energy from Food without oxygen

Question 1

How many Kcal does the average man and women need per day?

Answer 1

Men= 2500kcal
Women= 2000Kcal

Question 2

How is glucose transported into a cell?

Answer 2

Via glucose transporter proteins (there are 5). Glucose is absorbed into the blood after being digested by enzymes via co transport involving a sodium potassium pump.

Question 3

How is lactate produced from pyruvate?

Answer 3

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyses the reduction of pyruvate to lactate

Question 4

Why must lactate be produced and not just stay as pyruvate?

Answer 4

In order for glycolysis to continue and the reaction not be slowed due to Le Chatelier’s Principle, pyruvate must be converted to lactate. Also, NADH must be converted back to NAD to free up NAD for them to be used in glycolysis.

Question 5

What happens to lactate?

Answer 5

It goes into the liver where it is broken down into glucose in a process called gluconeogenesis.

Question 6

What impact does lactic acid have on the body?

Answer 6

Lactic acid is painful and causes muscle fatigue. This is because it is toxic in the body and too much of it is bad.