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THIRD YEAR > Repro 2 > Flashcards

Repro 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Epithelial ovarian tumours types

A 
serous 
muncinous 
endeomtroid
clear cell
brenners
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2
Q

serous ovarian cancer

A

low grade - borderline, less common

high grade - serous tubal intra epithelial carcinoma precursor

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3
Q

endometriod/clear cell ovarian cancer

A

astong assoc with endometriosis and Lynch syndrome

primary dx made on ascitic fluid

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4
Q

brenners tumour

A

tumour of transitional type epithelium

usually benign

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5
Q

commonest type of germ cell ovarian tumour

A

mature teratoma (dermoid)

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6
Q

dysgerminoma

A

most common malignant CGT
1-2% of all malignant ovarian tumours
children and young women 22yo

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7
Q

types of sex cord ovarian tumours

A

fibroma/thecoma benign oestrogen producing
granulosa - all potentially malignant asssoc with oestrogenic manifestations
sertoli lydegi - androgen producing

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8
Q

precarious puberty, PMG

A

granulosa

oestrogen

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9
Q

hirsutism/virilisation

A

theca/leydig

androgen

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10
Q

mets in ovary

A

stomach, colon, breast, pancreas

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11
Q

Figo staging of ovarian cancer

A 
1A one ovary 1B both
1c ovarian surface/rupture
2a fallopian tubes/uterus
2b other pelvic intraperitoneal 
3a retroperitoneal LN mets, micro extra pelvic peritoneal involvement 
3b macro mets up to 2cm beyond pelvis
3c >2cm
4 distant mets
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12
Q

symtoms of ovarian tumours

A 
ascities bloating
pelvic mass
bladder dysfunction 
pleural effusion/SOB
incidental
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13
Q

CA125 vs CEA

A

raised in 80%, normal level doesn’t exclude

mod raised esp in mucinous

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14
Q

which of the two is more useful for follow up

A

CA125

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15
Q

what else other than an ovarian tumour raise CA125

A

endometriosis, infection, pregnancy, pancreatitis, ascitis

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16
Q

RMI calculated how

A 
USS: multilocular, solid, bilateral, ascites, intra abd mets
0=0 1=1 3=2 or more
pre meno =1 post meno=3
Ca 125 u/ml
US X meno X CA125 >200 refer
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17
Q

cause of endometriosis

A

regurg, metaplasia

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18
Q

complications of endometriosis

A

infertility, pain, cyst formation, adhesions, ectopic pregnancy, endometriod malignancy

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19
Q

macroscopic endometriosis

micro

A

peritoneal spots/nodules, fibrous adhesions, choc cysts

endometrial glands and stroma, haemo, inflam, fibrosis

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20
Q

dx of endometriosis

A

laparoscopically

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21
Q

malignancy germ cell

A

increased HCG increased AFP

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22
Q

hydrosalpinx

pylosapinx

A

distally blocked fallopian tube with serous/clear fluid

pus

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23
Q

acute/chronic salpingitis

A

chronic if lymphocytes

increase risk for ectopic pregnancy

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24
Q

what forms need to be filled with a TOP

A

HSA1 two medication practitioners for planned
HSA2 doctor needs to complete within 24 hours of emergency TOP

HSA4 doctor needs to complete and send to chief medical officer within 7 days of TOP

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25
TOP limits
23 +6 in the UK | 18+6 in tayside
26
medical
whenever oral mifepristone 200mg (anti progesterone) 24-48 hours later vaginal (gemeprest) or oral (misoprastol) prostag
27
differences in medical
early 0-9 both steps at home | 9-24 repeated dose of prostag 3 hourly max 5/24
28
surgical
vacuum aspiration 6-12 weeks dilatation evactuation 13-24 cervical priming, vaginal prostag
29
risks of surgical
pain haem, infection, incomplete/failed, uterine perf, trauma, anaesthetic cx, ongoing preg, uterine rupture
30
after care of TOP
upt at 3 weeks anti D contraception
31
Levonelle
``` 1.5mg inhibits ovulation 72 hour after UPSI failure rate 1-2% enzyme inducers ```
32
ellaone
``` 30mg inhibits/delayes ovulation 120 hours after failure rate <1% antacids ```
33
copper IUD
up to 120 hours post UPSI | 5 days after ovulation
34
all methods of EC
UPT at three weeks
35
risk factors for candida
``` recent AB therapy high oestrogen levels - prog poorly controlled DM immunocomprimised v low CD4 count ```
36
c albicans
budding (hyphae)
37
rx for candida
topical clotrimazole cream or pessary available OTC | oral fluconazole
38
BV | rx
gardnella vaginalis | metro 400mg twice daily for 7 days or 2g stat
39
prostitis treatment
ciprofloxacin 500mg bd 28 days | erimethoprim 200mg bd 28 days if high risk of C Diff
40
treponema pallidum
doesn't stain with gram stain
41
non specific AB to see how active the disease is and monster response to treatment
VDRL, RPR become negative after treatment may be falsely positive
42
specific serology to confirm syphilis
TPPA, INNO LIA, FTAAb | stay positive for life
43
tayside screening of syph
ELISA/EIA IgG/IgM if positive IgG/IgM then IgM ELISA, VDRLA, TPPA
44
IgG and TPAA
stay positive for life
45
IgM and VDRLA
neg after treatment within a few months
46
gonorrhoea
gran neg intracellular diploccosu - two kidney beans easily phavgpcytosed by macrophages can't survive outside the body
47
purulent green/yellow discharge in males
gon
48
rx of gon
ceftriaxone 500mg IM and azitho 1g stat ceftriaxone 400mg orally if IM contra indicated or refused test of cure
49
chlamydia
biphasic life cycle does not reproduce outside the host cell doesn't stain with grams stain - no peptidoglycan in cell wall
50
A-C D-K L1-L3
trachoma genital lymphogranulotoma venercum in MSM
51
PID increases the risk of what
chlamydia by 10
52
rx of chlamyd
azitho 1g stat | rectal - doxy 100mg bd 7 days
53
PCR/NAATS > culture
less invasive specimens more sensitive positive even if organisms die in transit hours not days
54
culture > PCR/NAATS
can't tell AB sensitivities | will detect dead organisms - have to wait 5 w to do test of cure
55
enveloped virus containing double stranded DNA
HSV1 and HSV2
56
treatment for genital herpes
``` none self limiting topical lidocaine 5% cream if v painful saline bathing analgesia aciclovir vaccine ```
57
treatment for genital warts
cryotherapy podophyllotoxin cream imiquimod
58
non enclosed corohedral virus contains dsDNA | can grow in artificial culture
HPV
59
single cells protozoal parasite divides by binary fission | humans onky
TV | metro
60
pubic lice
males live for 22 days females 17 malothian lotion

THIRD YEAR (27 decks)

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