repro / pregnancy and lactation (exam 2)

Question 1

fetal cells give rise to ____ in women and _____ in men

Answer 1

ovaries, testes

Question 2

ovaries and testes respond to _____ and ____

Answer 2

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 3

what are the two hormones that maintain female structures?

Answer 3

estrogen, progesterone

Question 4

what is the goal of female hormones?

Answer 4

prepare and maintain pregnancy

Question 5

when are effects of estrogen noticed?

Answer 5

at menarche (first period)

Question 6

what is associated with female characteristics?

Answer 6

estrogen

Question 7

what produces estrogen

Answer 7

the ovaries

Question 8

when is progesterone released?

Answer 8

after ovulation

Question 9

what hormone helps support the development of the fetus

Answer 9

progesterone

Question 10

what hormone effects body temperature to indicate ovulation

Answer 10

progesterone

Question 11

what hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH

Answer 11

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)

Question 12

what is the hormone that stimulates and maintains male structures?

Answer 12

testosterone

Question 13

when does testosterone start to release

Answer 13

puberty

Question 14

what maintains changes caused by testosterone?

Answer 14

androgens

Question 15

when does puberty start in males?

Answer 15

9-14

Question 16

what stimulates the production of sperm

Answer 16

FSH

Question 17

what stimulates spermatogenesis

Answer 17

LH

Question 18

what meds stop pre-term labor

Answer 18

tocolytics

Question 19

what meds stimulate contraction

Answer 19

oxytocic agents

Question 20

what meds stop hemorrhage in pregnancy?

Answer 20

uterogenics

Question 21

infertility is the inability to conceive after _________

Answer 21

a year of trying

Question 22

what are causes of infertility in women?

Answer 22

ovulation disorder, blocked fallopian, endometriosis, anomalies of uterus, old age

Question 23

what are causes of infertility in men?

Answer 23

absence of sperm, declining sperm, testicular anomalies, ejaculatory dysfunction

Question 24

what is clomiphene citrate?

Answer 24

ovarian stimulator

Question 25

what is menotropin?

Answer 25

stimulate ovulation

Question 26

what is follitropin?

Answer 26

stimulate ovulation

Question 27

what is human chorionic gonadotropin?

Answer 27

stimulate ovulation

Question 28

what is leuprolide?

Answer 28

prevent premature ovulation, better egg quality

Question 29

what ways are infertility meds given?

Answer 29

PO, IM, SQ

Question 30

what are adverse effects of infertility drugs?

Answer 30

-multiple births -hot flashes

Question 31

when is maternal-placental-fetal circulation complete?

Answer 31

by week 3

Question 32

when does placental transfer occur?

Answer 32

week 5

Question 33

what are 2nd and 3rd trimester effects?

Answer 33

-growth retardation -respiratory problems -infections -bleeding

Question 34

what are the 2 highest pregnancy categories?

Answer 34

D and X

Question 35

how to prevent anemia in pregnant people?

Answer 35

pre-natal vitamins, increased iron diet

Question 36

what helps constipation in pregnant people?

Answer 36

psyllium docusate milk of magnesia

Question 37

what helps GERD in pregnant people?

Answer 37

histamine 2 blockers antacids

Question 38

what helps gestational diabetes

Answer 38

injected insulin only

Question 39

how to treat group B strep in pregnant people?

Answer 39

penicillin

Question 40

what treats HIV in pregnancy

Answer 40

zidovudine

Question 41

what are maternal therapeutics?

Answer 41

meds to help the mother that wont affect baby

Question 42

what are fetal therapeutics?

Answer 42

meds given to mom to help fetus -digoxin -levothyroxine -betamethasone

Question 43

what are drugs that inhibit labor and maintain pregnancy?

Answer 43

tocolytics

Question 44

preterm labor are contractions before ____ weeks

Answer 44

37

Question 45

example of tocolytics?

Answer 45

magnesium sulfate, nifedipine

Question 46

what meds induce labor?

Answer 46

prostaglandins and oxtocics

Question 47

what are the prostaglandins?

Answer 47

dinoprostole and misoprostol

Question 48

what are analgesics for labor and delivery?

Answer 48

nalbuphine, epidural containing fentanyl / local analgesic

Question 49

what kind of drugs are used to stop postpartum hemorrhage?

Answer 49

uterotonics

Question 50

what are examples of uterotonics?

Answer 50

-oxytocin, carboprost tromethamine, methylergonovine

Question 51

what med stimulates lactation?

Answer 51

metoclopramide

Question 52

what drugs are used to treat depression in lactating women

Answer 52

SSRIs

Question 53

what kind of birth control shouldn't be used during lactation

Answer 53

progesterone only BC

Question 54

a couple has been trying to conceive for 8 mo without luck, what is their first choice drug? -leuprolide -human gonadotropin -follitropin beta -clomiphene citrate

Answer 54

clomiphene citrate (ovarian stimulator, inc. FSH and LH)

Question 55

woman w/ seizures tales phenytoin, she understands risk during pregnancy. What should the nurse advise? -discuss w/ gynecologist and neurologist -stop taking and start folic acid -should start vitamin -should talk to genetic counselor

Answer 55

gyno and neuro