Reproduction

Question 1

modified sudoriferous glands involved in lactation

Answer 1

mammary glands

Question 2

a small, cylindrical mass of erectile tissue and nerves in the female; homologue of the male glans penis

Answer 2

clitoris

Question 3

produce mucus in the female during sexual arousal and intercourse; homologous to the male bulbourethral glands

Answer 3

greater vestibular glands

Question 4

the group of cells that nourish the developing oocyte and begin to secrete estrogens

Answer 4

follicle

Question 5

a pathway for sperm to reach the uterine tubes; the site of menstruation; the site of implantation of a fertilized ovum; the womb

Answer 5

uterus

Question 6

produces progesterone, estrogens, relaxin, and inhibin

Answer 6

corpus luteum

Question 7

draw the ovum into the uterine tube

Answer 7

fibriae

Question 8

the opening between the uterus and vagina

Answer 8

cervix

Question 9

muscular layer of uterus; responsible for expulsion of fetus from uterus

Answer 9

myometrium

Question 10

mucus-secreting glands in the female that are homologous to the prostate gland

Answer 10

paraurethral glands

Question 11

the female copulatory organ; the birth canal

Answer 11

vagina

Question 12

passageway for the ovum to the uterus; usual site of fertilization; site of tubal ligation

Answer 12

uterine tube

Question 13

refers to the external genitals of the female

Answer 13

vulva

Question 14

the layer of the uterine lining that is partially shed during each monthly cycle

Answer 14

endometrium

Question 15

site of sperm maturation

Answer 15

epididymis

Question 16

the male copulatory organ; a passageway for ejaculation of sperm and excretion of urine

Answer 16

penis

Question 17

sperm-forming cells

Answer 17

spermatogenic cells

Question 18

produce an alkaline substance that protects sperm by neutralizing acids in the urethra

Answer 18

bulbourethral glands

Question 19

ejects sperm into the urethra just before ejaculation

Answer 19

ejaculatory duct

Question 20

the supporting structure for the testes

Answer 20

scrotum

Question 21

carries the sperm from the scrotum into the abdominopelvic cavity for release by ejaculation; is cut and tied as a means of sterilization

Answer 21

ductus deferens

Question 22

the shared terminal duct of the reproductive and urinary systems in the male

Answer 22

urethra

Question 23

surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder; produces secretions that contribute to sperm motility and viability

Answer 23

prostate gland

Question 24

produce testosterone

Answer 24

Leydig cells

Question 25

supporting structure that consists of the ductus deferens, testicular artery, autonomic nerves, veins that drain the testes, lymphatic vessels, and cremaster muscle

Answer 25

spermatic cord

Question 26

support and protect developing spermatogenic cells; secrete inhibin; form the blood–testis barrier

Answer 26

Sertoli cells

Question 27

secrete an alkaline fluid to help neutralize acids in the female reproductive tract; secrete fructose for use in ATP production by sperm

Answer 27

seminal vesicles

Question 28

contraction and relaxation moves testes near to or away from pelvic cavity

Answer 28

cremaster muscle

Question 29

site of spermatogenesis

Answer 29

seminiferous tubules

Question 30

relaxes the uterus by inhibiting myometrial contractions during monthly cycles; increases flexibility of the pubic symphysis during childbirth

Answer 30

relaxin

Question 31

stimulates Leydig cells to secrete testosterone in males and triggers ovulation in females

Answer 31

LH (luteinizing hormone)

Question 32

inhibits production of FSH by the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 32

inhibin

Question 33

posterior pituitary hormone responsible for uterine contraction and release of milk from mammary glands

Answer 33

oxytocin

Question 34

stimulates male pattern of development; stimulates protein synthesis; contributes to sex drive

Answer 34

testosterone

Question 35

stimulates male external genital development

Answer 35

dihydrotestosterone

Question 36

maintains the corpus luteum during the first trimester of pregnancy

Answer 36

human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 37

contribute to male sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, and libido

Answer 37

androgens

Question 38

promotes development of female reproductive structures; lowers blood cholesterol

Answer 38

estrogens

Question 39

stimulates the initial secretion of estrogens by growing follicles; promotes follicle growth

Answer 39

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

Question 40

is secreted by the corpus luteum to maintain the uterine lining during the first trimester of pregnancy

Answer 40

progesterone

Question 41

anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production

Answer 41

prolactin

Question 42

the process during meiosis when portions of homologous chromosomes may be exchanged with each other

Answer 42

crossing over

Question 43

refers to cells containing one-half the chromosome number

Answer 43

haploid

Question 44

the cell produced by the union of an egg and a sperm

Answer 44

zygote

Question 45

the degeneration of oogonia before and after birth

Answer 45

atresia

Question 46

a packet of discarded nuclear material from the first or second meiotic division of the egg

Answer 46

polar body

Question 47

refers to cells containing the full chromosome number

Answer 47

diploid