Reproduction

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

Asexual Reprod. Daughter cells have 2n instead of “n” daughter cells like in Meiosis.

Question 2

Meiosis

Answer 2

Sexual Reprod. Daughter cells have “n”. 23+23 somatic = 46 chromosomes = Zygote.
PMAT

Question 3

Gonads

Answer 3

male and female

Question 4

Erection

Answer 4

Allows for penetration into vagina. Parasympathetic control

Question 5

Ejaculation

Answer 5

Expels Semen. Sympathetic control

Question 6

corpora cavernosa

Answer 6

allow the penis to become stiff so that it can enter the female vagina to deliver sperm.

Question 7

Spermatogenesis

Answer 7

Forms male gametes (sperm)

Question 8

Spermatogonia

Answer 8

Mitosis cell division of sperm into 2 daughter cells. Of the two, one becomes Primary Spermatocyte to make four sperm. The other goes for Secondary Spermatocyte in dividing pool

Question 9

Spermatids

Answer 9

Secondary Spermatocytes’s daughter cells

Question 10

Spermatozoa/Sperm

Answer 10

Mature sex cells with an acrosome (helmet for nucleus of head), midpiece (contain mitochondria), and tail for swimming

Question 11

FSH

Answer 11

Male- Stimulates spermatogenesis

Female- release estrogen

Question 12

LH

Answer 12

Male- Stimulates release of testosterone

Female- release androgens to create estrogen

Question 13

Testosterone

Answer 13

Synthesis of proteins. Enhances stimulation of spermatogenesis and increase in accessory organ sizes

Question 14

DTH

Answer 14

What testosterone is sometimes converted to in the prostate. Same effects as testosterone though.

Question 15

Estradiol

Answer 15

What testosterone is sometimes converted to in the brain, bone, and fat. Same effects as testosterone

Question 16

Progesterone

Answer 16

Preps uterus for ovum fertilization

Question 17

Oocyte

Answer 17

Immature egg

Question 18

Myometrium

Answer 18

What allows child birth contractions

Question 19

Ooogenesis

Answer 19

Process of female gamete (ovum) formation

Question 20

Oogonia

Answer 20

Spermatogonia equivalent. Diploid stem cells (by mitosis) Then turn into Primary Ooocytes

Question 21

Primary Oocytes

Answer 21

First meiotic division. Spermatocyte equivalent. BUT P.O only occurs in fetus. Lifetime supply at birth.

Question 22

Secondary Ooctyes

Answer 22

Only completed upon fertilization

Question 23

Ova

Answer 23

Female reproductive cell (gamete)

Question 24

Polar Body

Answer 24

Haploid cell formed with oogenesis

Question 25

Folliculogenesis

Answer 25

Maturation of ovarian follicle with immature oocytes

Question 26

Primordial Follicles

Answer 26

have a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells surrounding a primary oocyte. Can grow into Primary Follicle

Question 27

Secondary Follicles

Answer 27

have multiple layers of granulosa cells surrounding a primary oocyte.

Question 28

Ovulation

Answer 28

FHS hormone rage. Ovary wall ruptures to released secondary oocyte. Released from ovary down fallopian tube for fertilization

Question 29

Follicular Phase

Answer 29

vesicular follicles secrete increasing amounts of estrogens and one of these follicles is selected as the dominant follicle. Phase lasts from the first to the fourteenth day of the ovarian cycle, at which point ovulation typically occurs.

Question 30

Luteal Phase

Answer 30

Corpus Luteum is active during this phase

Question 31

Corpus Luteum

Answer 31

supplies the high levels of progesterone and estrogens that characterize the luteal phase. If no pregnancy, CL degenerates

Question 32

Corpus Albicans

Answer 32

Scar that forms from corpus luteum after pregnancy doesn't happen.

Question 33

Graafian Follicle

Answer 33

Fluid-filled sac where ovum develops before ovulation

Question 34

Menstrual Stage

Answer 34

Uterus sheds deepest part of of endometrium. Ovarian hormones are at all time low. This is where menstruation occurs.

Question 35

Proliferative Stage

Answer 35

Endometrium rebuilds itself.

Question 36

Secretory Stage

Answer 36

Most constant timewise. Endometrium prepares for an embryo to implant. Increase levels of progesterone

Question 37

Gamete

Answer 37

Sex cell

Question 38

Gametogenesis

Answer 38

Formation of gametes (meiosis)

Question 39

Gonad

Answer 39

Primary reproductive organ (testis, ovaries)

Question 40

Zygote

Answer 40

Fertilized Egg