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Biology > Reproduction and Inheritance > Flashcards

Reproduction and Inheritance Flashcards

1
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Involves one parent and offspring have identical genes to the parent - so no variation in parent and offspring

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2
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Involves the fusion of male and female gametes. offspring have a mixture of their parents genes

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3
Q

What type of reproduction is common in bacteria?

A

asexual

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4
Q

What type of reproduction do plants do?

A

both

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5
Q

What type of reproduction do most animals do?

A

sexual

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6
Q

What type of reproduction needs two parents?

A

sexual

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7
Q

What type of reproduction needs only one parent?

A

asexual

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8
Q

What type of reproduction are gametes made?

A

sexual

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9
Q

What type of reproduction involves cell fusion?

A

sexual

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10
Q

What type of reproduction involves no cell fusion?

A

asexual

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11
Q

What type of reproduction creates a variety in offspring?

A

sexual

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12
Q

What type of reproduction creates clones in offspring?

A

asexual

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13
Q

What cell division produces genetically identical cells?

A

mitosis

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14
Q

What cell division produces gametes?

A

meiosis

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15
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

the fusion of the male and female gamete forming a zygote

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16
Q

What cell division does a zygote undergo?

A

mitosis to produce all cells which will make up an adult. All these cells must have the full (diploid) number of chromosomes, so the zygote divides repeatedly and develops into an embryo

17
Q

How is the male reproductive system adapted for its function?

A

Testis - make sperm (meiosis)
Scrotum - protects testis
Sperm duct - moves sperm away from storage place
Erectile tissue - erects penis
Penis - ejaculates sperm
Urethra - tube which carries sperm through penis during ejaculation

18
Q

How is the female reproductive system adapted for its function?

A

ovary - produces eggs, where meiosis happens, produces sex hormones
uterus - where embryo grows
cervix - neck of the uterus, holds baby in uterus during pregnancy
fallopian tube (oviduct) - carries eggs from ovary to uterus
vagina - where sperm is deposited

19
Q

What does oestrogen do during the menstrual cycle?

A

stimulates uterus lining to thicken and repair
inhibits FSH
stimulates LH production

20
Q

what does progesterone do during the menstrual cycle?

A

maintains uterus lining
high levels inhibit FSH and LH production

21
Q

what does LH do during the menstrual cycle?

A

causes the egg to be released from the ovary (ovulation)
stimulates progesterone release

22
Q

what does FSH do during the menstrual cycle?

A

matures egg
stimulates oestrogen release

Biology (20 decks)

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