Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
Produce male sex hormones
A
testosterone
2
Q
Produces and stores the male reproductive
cells
A
spermatozoa
3
Q
External Organs/Parts
A
● Scrotum
● Penis
● Prepuce
3
Q
Containing the testes and serving as a
thermoregulator
A
Scrotum
4
Q
Internal Organs/Parts
A
● Testes
● Ducts
● Accessory Glands
4
Q
Pouch or diverticulum of the abdomen
A
Scrotum
5
Q
Loop system of veins and arteries
that allows heat exchange.
A
Pampiniform Plexus
5
Q
External Cremaster
Tunica Dartos
A
Double Muscular System
6
Q
- Main portion
- Formed by the urethra and the
erectile tissues
A
body
6
Q
Soft terminal portion of the penis
A
. Glans Penis
7
Q
The organ of copulation in males
A
penis
7
Q
- Roots/Pizzle eye, attached to the
ischial arch of the pelvis - Beginning portion is the
bulbourethral muscle.
A
crura
8
Q
Curving of the penis, which reduces
the length of the non-erect penis to
⅓
A
sigmoid flexure
8
Q
Corkscrew shaped
A
Porcine
9
Q
Tapering with a twist
clockwise
A
bovine
9
Q
Enlarged blunt concave
body
A
Equine
9
Q
Horse, Dog and Cat penis
A
Musculocavernous Penis
9
Q
Ruminants and Swine penis
A
Fibroelastic Penis
9
Q
Very long, extending the
entire length of the os
penis
A
Canine
9
Q
- Fully differentiated
- Motile sperm cell
A
Spermatozoon
10
Q
Irregular shaped with
filiform urethral process
A
Ovine
10
Q
Has cornified spine
A
Feline
11
Q
Invagination of the skin enclosing the free
extremity of the retracted penis and its
opening is covered by coarse hairs
A
Prepuce
12
Q
A sac dorsal to the prepuce
A
● Preputial Diverticulum
12
Mixture of fatty secretion
- Cast of epithelial cells and bacteria
Smegma
13
Produce male hormones or androgens in the
microscopic interstitial cells located
between the seminiferous tubules
Testes
13
> Basement Membrane
> Sertoli Cells/ Sustentacular/ Nurse
Cells
Seminiferous Tubules
13
Sustentacular cells,
Sertoli Cells
13
- Undifferentiated male germ cells
Spermatogonia
14
Produce and secrete testosterone
and other androgen important for
sexual development and puberty,
secondary sexual characteristics
Leydig Cells
15
Composed of the long , convoluted
epididymal duct that connects the efferent
ductules of the testis with the ductus
deferens.
Epididymis
16
Houses the spermatozoa as they mature
before they are expelled by ejaculation
Epididymis
16
Lying on the long axis of the
testis
body
17
Connected to the efferent ductules
head
18
Lying lowest to the scrotum
tail
19
Undergoes peristaltic contractions during
ejaculation, propelling the spermatozoa from
the epididymis to the urethra
Ductus/Vas Deferens
20
Glandular enlargements associated
with the terminal parts of the ductus
deferentia
- Contribute volume to the semen
Ampullae
20
● A tube passing thru the penis to the outside
of the body
● Serves both reproductive and urinary
system
Urethra
21
- Seminal vesicles
- Paired glands associated with the
genital fold
- Located on the floor of the pelvis
cranial and lateral to ampulla and
neck of the bladder
Vesicular gland
21
Transection (ligation and/or removal
of a section) of the ductus deferens.
Vasectomy
21
- Located caudal or around the
bladder or cranial portion of the
pelvic urethra
- Secretes alkaline solution
- Clean and lubricate the urethra
during pre-coital
Prostate gland
21
Produces the female sex hormones
estrogen
22
- Cowper’s gland
- Located in the bulbourethral muscle
Bulbourethral Gland
22
Produces the female reproductive cells
ova
23
Removal of the testes of the male
animal
Castration
24
Absence of one or both testes from
the scrotum
Cryptorchidism
25
External Genitalia
- Vestibule
- Vulva
25
Produces pregnancy-promoting hormones
progesterone
26
Internal Organs
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Uterine Tubes
- Ovaries
27
● Portion of the reproductive tract between the
vagina and the external genitalia
Vestibule
28
● External genitalia of the female
● Comprises right and left labia
Vulva
29
● A structure of erectile tissue that has the
same embryonic origin as the penis in the
male
Clitoris
29
● Lies within the pelvis between the uterus
cranially and the vulva caudally
● Site of semen deposition during copulation
passageway for fetal and placental delivery
Vagina
30
● Consists of a body, a cervix (neck), and two
horns
uterus
30
● Opening into the bladder on the floor of the
vagina
● Located posterior to the site of the hymen
Urethral Office
31
Uterus divided into 2 horns
. Bicornuate
31
Body divided into 2 parts
bipartite
31
A uterus consisting of a single cavity
simplex
32
Uterine horns are completely
separated and have separate
cervices opening into the vagina.
duplex
32
Wide fold of peritoneum that connects the
sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of
the pelvis.
Broad Ligament
33
- The mesentery of the uterus
- The largest portion of the broad
ligament
Mesometrium
33
The mesentery of the Ovaries
Mesovarium
34
The mesentery of the Fallopian tube
Mesosalpinx
35
● Neck of the uterus
● Sphincter-like structure
● Serves as a muscular
Cervix
35
● Tunica muscularis
● The muscular portion of the uterine
wall
● Increase in size during the
pregnancy
Myometrium
36
- Series of circular ridges or rings on
the inner surface of the cervix
- In ruminants and sow
Annular Fold
36
● Innermost lining layer of the uterus
● Functions to prevent adhesions
between the opposed walls of the
myometrium
● Highly glandular tissue that varies in
thickness and vascularity with
hormonal changes in the ovary and
with pregnancy
Endometrium
36
- Mushroom-like non-glandular
projections found at the inner
surfaces of the uterine horn and
body
- Provide a site of attachment for the
fetal membranes
Caruncles
37
Circular structures distributed in
ruminant’s placenta
Cotyledon
38
● Fallopian tube/Oviducts
- Uterine Tube
38
Funnel like structure that pick up the ovulated egg
infundibulum
38
site of fertilization
ampulla
39
constricted portion of the oviduct after ampulla m
isthmus
39
- Collective term applied to all
mammary glands in ruminants and
horse
Udder
39
● Modified skin gland
Mammary Gland
39
fringe like margin of the infundibulum
fimbria
40
- Secretory unit
Alveolus
41
- Narrow passage from the lactiferous
sinus to the exterior
Papillary Duct or Teat Canal
42
- Building-up phase
- Ovarian follicle (under the influence
of FSH and LH) enlarges and begins
to secrete estrogens
Proestrus
43
- Short period of sexual inactivity
between recurrent periods of estrus
Diestrus
43
- Period of sexual receptivity
- Primarily initiated by the elevation in
estrogens from mature follicles just
prior to ovulation
- Standing heat
Estrus
44
End of sexual receptivity,
postovulatory phase dominated by
corpus luteum function
- Serum estrogens decrease and
progesterone increases
metestrus
45
- Long periods between cycles of
polyestrous animals that stop cycling
(e.g. due to change in season) enter
a long period of inactivity.
Anestrus
46
- Preovulatory increase in estrogens
from developing follicles is the
primarily event that brings about
ovulation
- E.g. rabbit, ferret, mink, camel, llama
and alpaca
Spontaneous Ovulators
47
- The final preovulatory surge of
GnRH, and subsequent of LH surge,
is apparently dependent on a neural
reflex elicited by vaginal stimulation
- E.g. rodents, koala, cats
Induced Ovulators
47
- Condition of a female animal while
young are developing within her
uterus
pregnancy
48
- The stage of pregnancy at which the
embryo adheres to the wall of the
uterus
Implantation
49
- The development of fetal
membranes
Placentation
49
Secretes some albumen and the
shell membranes
Isthmus
49
- Shell gland
Uterus
50
- Only the left side develops
- Mature ovum = Egg yolk
Ovary
50
- Ampulla, secretes majority of
albumen
Magnum
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