Reproductive system

Question 1

What are the functions of the reproductive system?

Answer 1

1. Production of gametes
2. Fertilization
3. Development/nourishment of new human
4. Production of reproductive hormones

Question 2

What is the production of gametes?

Answer 2

sperms cells in males, oocytes (eggs) in females

Question 3

What do testes do?

Answer 3

Produce sperm

Question 4

What is the scrotum?

Answer 4

sac of skin and smooth muscle that holds the testes (maintains slightly lower temp)

Question 5

Epididymis

Answer 5

Sperm becomes motile and are stored here

Question 6

Ductus deferens

Answer 6

Transports sperm to ejaculatory duct which merges with urethra

Question 7

What cells provide support and nourishment for sperm production?

Answer 7

Sertoli cells

Question 8

What cells produce testeone?

Answer 8

interstitial cells

Question 9

What helps sperm survive?

Answer 9

Accessory glands

Question 10

What does the seminal vesicles do?

Answer 10

Secrete fructose and produce and secrete most of the seminal fluid

Question 11

What secretes watery fluid to neutralize the acidic vaginal pH?

Answer 11

Prostate gland

Question 12

What does the female reproductive system do?

Answer 12

Supports pregnancy and produces eggs

Question 13

What do the ovaries do?

Answer 13

Release immature eggs and secrete hormones estrogen and progesterone

Question 14

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 14

Upper third of oviduct

Question 15

What is the uterus?

Answer 15

The hollow, pear-shaped organ where fertilized eggs grow and develop

Question 16

What is the Endometrium?

Answer 16

innermost layer, supports fertilized eggs

Question 17

What is the Myometrium?

Answer 17

Smooth muscle layer, expands during pregnancy, constricts during labor

Question 18

What is the cervix?

Answer 18

Narrow opening at the base of the uterus

Question 19

How is the menstrual controlled?

Answer 19

By hormones in the pituitary gland

Question 20

What is the ovarian cycle?

Answer 20

Series of changes in ovaries associated with oocyte maturation, controlled by FSH and LH

Question 21

What is the uterine cycle?

Answer 21

Changes in the endometrial lining (innermost layer) of the uterus, controlled by estrogen and progesterone

Question 22

Days 1-14 of ovarian cycle

Answer 22

Pituitary gland produces FSH, the FSH stimulates development of an immature follicle in the ovary, the developing follicle produces estrogen,

Question 23

Day 14 of ovarian cycle

Answer 23

Surge of LH secretion trigger ovulation

Question 24

Days 15-28 of ovarian cycle

Answer 24

Corpus Luteum secretes progesterone for 10 days

Question 25

Menstrual phase (Days 1-5)

Answer 25

Triggered by declining estrogen and progesterone, endmetrail lining sheds, menstruation occurs

Question 26

Menstrual phase (Days 6-14)

Answer 26

Proliferative phase, triggered by increase of estrogen from follicle, endometrial lining proliferates and thickens

Question 27

Days 15-28 of menstrual phase

Answer 27

Secretory phase, triggered by increase progesterone, uterus is prepared to accept fertilized egg and nourish it

Question 28

What hormone is used for pregnancy test?

Answer 28

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 29

When does fertilization occur?

Answer 29

When egg and sperm unite

Question 30

How long will sperm be viable within the female reproductive tract?

Answer 30

Up to 6 days

Question 31

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 31

Occurs when the blastocyst implants outside the uterus

Question 32

What is the placenta?

Answer 32

Site of nutrient and gas exchange between mother and baby

Question 33

What is the umbilical cord?

Answer 33

Two-way life line, connects placenta to embryos circulation

Question 34

What happens during days 19-24 of embryo development?

Answer 34

Neural tube develops (Brain and spinal cord), somites develop (bone, muscle, skin)

Question 35

What happens during week 3-4 of embryo development?

Answer 35

Heart starts beating, eye development begins, limb buds appear

Question 36

Embryonic 1 trimester

Answer 36

Weeks 3-8, rapid growth rate. By the end of week 8, all organs and organ systems are established

Question 37

2nd trimester

Answer 37

Months 3-4, kidney, liver, and spleen begin to function, red blood cell production begins, face develops months 5-6, fetal movement begins, fetus responds to external sounds, lungs begin to produce surfactant

Question 38

3rd trimester

Answer 38

Months 7-9, rapid growth, fetal activity increases, lungs and digestive tract are ready to function