Required Semester Research Articles

Question 1

In Higgins et al. (2014) article on “Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy”, what was the 6 aims of the study?

Answer 1

1. describe the types of group education of OTs and OTAs
2. describe current group practice by type and frequency of OTs and OTAs
3. identify theoretical frameworks on which current OTs and OTAs group practice is based
4. identify barriers, supports, opportunities, and limitations in group treatment
5. identify resources for improving and promoting groups in practice
6. examine differences in group practice by OT and OTAs role, years of experience, and practice setting.

Question 2

In Higgins et al. (2014) article “Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy “, what was the overall goal of study

Answer 2

• to examine OT practioners’ current practice trends and views of group treatment
• to identify supports of and barriers to group treatment
• to help identify future educational needs, and to propose recommendations to increase group work in OT practice.

Question 3

In Higgins et al. (2014) “ Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy” article, what were the 4 parts of the survey developed on for the study?

Answer 3

1. basic demographics
2. group education and training
3. group interventions
4. perception of group treatment

Question 4

In Higgins et al. (2014) “ Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy” article, what was the highest area demographic that OT worked in? OTA?

Answer 4

OT - Schools, hospital, outpatient
OTA - skilled nursing facilities/LTC, physical rehab, school

Question 5

In Higgins et al. (2014) “ Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy “ article, what type of group was most used for group intervention? -TOP 3

Answer 5

exercise

task

sensory

Question 6

In higgins et al., (2014) “Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy “ article, what was the largest barrier to group treatment?

Answer 6

reimbursement

Question 7

In Higgins et al. (2014), “ Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy” article, what was the largest benefit to group treatment?

Answer 7

Peer Role Modelling

Question 8

In Higgins et al (2014) “Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy “ article, the more years of practice for an OT, the more they used group intervention. True or false

Answer 8

true

Question 9

In Higgins et al (2014) “ Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy” article, the more years of practice for an OTA, the less they used group intervention. True or false

Answer 9

True

Question 10

In Higgins et al (2014) “Current Practice and Perceptions of Group Work in Occupational Therapy “ article, there is need for greater emphasis on teaching group leadership skills across the life-span. True or false

Answer 10

true

Question 11

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, what was the aim of the study?

Answer 11

• evaluate the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the Swedish version of “Lets Get Organized” (LGO-S) time management intervention compared to treatment as usual (individual occupational therapy) to improve time management for adults with impaired time management skills due to mental or neuro-developmental disorders.

Question 12

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, what is the goal of swedish LGO program?

Answer 12

• 16 week (1.5 hr session per week) group intervention to foster development of effective time management habits and organizational skills in clinical settings for people with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders or mild intellectual ability

Question 13

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, was group intervention (S-LGO) or individual intervention (control - TAU) more effective?

Answer 13

S-LGO was MORE effective

Question 14

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, why was the LGO-S more effective?

Answer 14

• group setting format further enhances experience of self-efficacy

Question 15

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, what did the S-LGO improve in the results?

Answer 15

• time management skills
• regulation of emotions
• satisfaction with daily occupations
• occupational balance
• self-efficacy
• organization and planning skills
• executive functioning
• psychiatric symptoms

Question 16

In Holmefur et al. (2022) “ Evaluation of the “Let’s
Get Organized” group intervention to improve
time management: protocol for a multi-centre
randomised controlled trial” article, in the discussion is the S-LGO more cost-effective than TAU (control intervention)?

Answer 16

YES

Question 17

In Hirshman et al. (2022) “Group versus individual
occupational therapy for toddlers with autism as
a means to improve access to public health-care
services. Randomised controlled pilot study” article, what was the aim of the study?

Answer 17

to compare the efficacy of group vs individual occupational therapy among toddlers with autism as a means to improve accessibility to care

Question 18

In Hirshman et al. (2022) “Group versus individual
occupational therapy for toddlers with autism as
a means to improve access to public health-care
services. Randomised controlled pilot study” article, was the group occupational therapy or individual occupational therapy more accessible?

Answer 18

GROUP THERAPY!

Question 19

In Hirshman et al. (2022) “Group versus individual
occupational therapy for toddlers with autism as
a means to improve access to public health-care
services. Randomised controlled pilot study” article, what did the group therapy provide for toddlers with autism and their families accessibility wise?

Answer 19

• improved access to services
• feasible
• reduced wait times = earlier interventions (the sooner the intervention, the better the outcome)
• reached a greater number of people
• did not increase staff burden

Question 20

In Hirshman et al. (2022) “Group versus individual
occupational therapy for toddlers with autism as
a means to improve access to public health-care
services. Randomised controlled pilot study” article, was there a significant difference between the individual and group occupational therapy outcomes?

Answer 20

NO

Question 21

In Hirshman et al. (2022) “Group versus individual
occupational therapy for toddlers with autism as
a means to improve access to public health-care
services. Randomised controlled pilot study” article, how could the group therapy talked about in the article be used in practice?

Answer 21

• bridging point until beginning of individual therapy or entrance into special education system

Question 22

In Angelin et al. (2021) “Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities” article, what was the purpose of the study?

Answer 22

assess the effectiveness of occupational performance coaching (OPC) in a group setting in improving occupational performance and parenting competence of mothers of children with disabilities (Autism, ADHD, intellectual disability, Sensory difficulties) in an Indian context.

Question 23

In Angelin et al. (2021) “Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities” article, what was the primary research questions (x2)?

Answer 23

1. Does a 10-week OPC group-based intervention improve occupational performance of mothers and their children with disabilities when compared to a control group which does not receive the intervention?
2. Does OPC improve mothers’ sense of competence in parenting roles?

Question 24

In Angelin et al. (2021) “Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities” article, what was the secondary research questions?

Answer 24

1. How do mothers experience the process of coaching through OPC intervention?
2. What is the percieved usefulness and acceptability of OPC in India?

Question 25

n Angelin et al. (2021) "Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities" article, what 3 themes developed from the findings of the study?

Answer 25

1. acceptance 2. self-learning 3. challenges during OPC

Question 26

In Angelin et al. (2021) "Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities" article, OPC had significant effects on children’s occupational performance (p < 0.001), mothers’ occupational performance (p < 0.001), and self-competence (p = 0.003). True or false?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

In Angelin et al. (2021) "Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities" article, was their significant difference between control and intervention groups in occupational performance and satisifaction?

Answer 27

YES

Question 28

In Angelin et al. (2021) "Occupational Performance coaching for mothers of children with disabilities" article, what were 6 limitations to the study?

Answer 28

- application of OPC challenging due to extended family system - no randomization - no blinding of participants and provider - did not measure treatment fidelity - therapist did not recieve training for OPC - faced some issues in using OPC in India such as with the degree of comfort with client-centered practice and the extent to which mothers were willing to be decision-makers and active participants in their therapy

Question 29

In Patterson et al. (2022) " A descriptive video analysis of interactions during inpatient brain injury rehabilitation groups" article, what was the purpose of the study?

Answer 29

to describe and understand the nature of interactions occurring in inpatient OT brain injury rehab groups, using video-recorded group interactions all to inform recommendations for group facilitation

Question 30

In Patterson et al. (2022) " A descriptive video analysis of interactions during inpatient brain injury rehabilitation groups" article, what were the results of the study?

Answer 30

1. most interactions were shaped by nature of group activities 2. peer-to-peer interactions were NOT observed frequently 3. MOST interactions were initiated by facilitators and between group facilitator and participants 4. challenging for participants to divide their attention between conversation and an activity due to cog. impairment

Question 31

In Patterson et al. (2022) " A descriptive video analysis of interactions during inpatient brain injury rehabilitation groups" article, what sort of strategies did the facilitator use to encourage interactions?

Answer 31

1. knowledge of group participants 2. activity choice 3. physical positioning of group members

Question 32

In Patterson et al. (2022) " A descriptive video analysis of interactions during inpatient brain injury rehabilitation groups" article, could the video recording impacted natural actions within the group?

Answer 32

YES

Question 33

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, what was the purpose of the study?

Answer 33

To better understand how recovery oriented OT groups shape participants' personal experience of daily life, including recovery for people with severe mental illness

Question 34

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, what two major themes emerged from the findings?

Answer 34

1. participants' perception of "normal" 2. navigation of meaningful participation

Question 35

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, what sub themes emerged from the theme of "participants' perception of "normal""?

Answer 35

1. space for validation 2. recognition from the OT facilitator (helped make them feel normal) 3. interacting with people of similar experience 4. accepting a new normal

Question 36

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, what sub themes emerged from the theme of "navigation of meaningful participation"?

Answer 36

1. taking care/prioritizing one's self 2. having structure 3. (dis)connect between group content and lived experience

Question 37

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, participants experiences ranged from positive to negative with variable impacts on their lived experiences. true or false

Answer 37

true

Question 38

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, did many participants did not feel being among others with similar experiences was positive and normalizing. true or false

Answer 38

false - IT WAS!

Question 39

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, all participants identified being a caregiver as central to their identity. true or false

Answer 39

true

Question 40

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, all participants identified tons of space for validation in their personal lives, often as a result of supportive network and no stigma. true or false

Answer 40

False - they lacked space for validation due to limited and unsupported social network and pervasive stigma

Question 41

In Wolley et al. (2020) "“I’m not along”: Women’s experiences of recovery oriented occupational therapy groups following depression" article, did social networks remain large or small after groups ended?

Answer 41

small

Question 42

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, what is an OT memory strategy education group (MSEG)?

Answer 42

developed to assist clients with varying levels of memory impairment to adopt strategies to manage memory impairment in their daily lives

Question 43

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, what was the objective/purpose of the study?

Answer 43

- to systematically measure the outcomes of the MSEG program on the everyday memory function of the clients receiving the intervention - examining the impact of the program on the clients' quality of life, their attainment of individualized memory goals, and their use of external or compensatory memory strategies

Question 44

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, was their significant improvement in clients' performance on the specific everyday memory tasks incorporated in the RBMT-II test post MSEG program?

Answer 44

YES

Question 45

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, clients with SMC and MCI were less likely to benefit or maintain their cognitive improvements from the MSEG. true or false

Answer 45

false - MORE LIKELY

Question 46

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, there was significant increase in use of external memory strategies at end of program and continous use of them 3 months later reducing their incidences of memory lapses. true or false

Answer 46

true

Question 47

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, there was no significant improvement in clients DEMQOL scores upon completion of MSEG program, indicating decreasing quality of life. true or false

Answer 47

false - IMPROVED, INCREASED

Question 48

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, did positive peer supports help reduce clients' concerns about their memory?

Answer 48

yes

Question 49

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, the MSEG program results of this study indicate that this type of program may be suitable and appropriate for clients with SMC who continued to show improved scores in the longer term follow up, and there is a suggestion that the program may have a maintenance effect for clients with MCI. true or false

Answer 49

true

Question 50

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, the MSEG program encouraged increased use of memory strategies. true or false

Answer 50

true

Question 51

In Coe et al (2019) "Effects of an occupational therapy memory strategy education group intervention on Irish older adults’ self- management of everyday memory difficulties" article, the MSEG program was effective in the immediate term for early dementia but less effective in the longer term for this group. true or false

Answer 51

true

Question 52

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, what was the purpose of the study?

Answer 52

examines the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy that address leisure engagement and social participation among community-dwelling older adults.

Question 53

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, what two themes emerged?

Answer 53

1. interventions supporting social participation 2. interventions supporting leisure engagement

Question 54

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, is their strong evidence for the use of leisure education programs and moderate evidence for the use of chronic disease self-management programs to enhance leisure engagement of community-dwelling older adults with chronic health conditions?

Answer 54

YES

Question 55

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, there is mixed evidence found for community-based group interventions and electronic gaming interventions to improve social participation outcomes. true or false

Answer 55

true

Question 56

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, what 4 things should OT education programs focus on to meet the needs of older adults in the community surrounding the two themes?

Answer 56

1. Education regarding the relationship between leisure and social participation and physical, cognitive, and emotional health and well-being 2. Education about health conditions and contextual factors that influence participation in social and leisure activities 3. Training in the use of formal and informal assessments of leisure and social participation 4. Knowledge and skill training in the delivery of effective interventions for social and leisure participation, including leisure education and electronic gaming

Question 57

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, what interventions are recommended to implement in OT for community-dwelling older adults at risk of a decline in social participation and leisure engagement?

Answer 57

1. leisure education programs (enhance leisure participation) 2. chronic disease self-management programs (improves leisure for this population)

Question 58

In Smallfield & Molitor (2018) "Occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation and leisure engagement for community dwelling older adults: A systematic review" article, what interventions are recommended to implement in OT for community-dwelling older adults at risk of a decline in social participation and leisure engagement on a selective basis?

Answer 58

1. Community-based group interventions to support social participation 2. Electronic gaming to enhance social participation. (needs further research) 3. Assistive devices to promote home-based leisure participation for clients with physical disabilities.