Research Design -lecture 3 Flashcards
(17 cards)
Your doctoral student would like to measure dynamic balance (limits of
stability) on the Balance Master both before and after a balance training
program that is pre-programmed in the Balance Master for individuals with
PSP. She plans on testing the participants before the training, immediately
after the training, 6 weeks after the training and 6 months after the training.
one way repeated measures
You are interested in comparing the length of stay (number of days) from
your rehabilitation facility. You decide to compare 3 groups of discharged
clients: individuals following a traumatic brain injury, a CVA, or a degenerative
condition such as ALS or Parkinson’s disease.
post test only non randomized group
Memorial Hermann Fort Bend Hospital is interested in comparing patient
satisfaction scores following an acute care stay of 24 hours or more from the
general surgical unit. In 2007, the hospital instituted a change in nurse
staffing that now assigns one RN per shift to a patient for all of their nursing
needs. 500 patient surveys using this (1 nurse) system will be compared with
500 patient surveys from 2006
post test only non randomized
Is there is a difference among 4 groups of students that take kinesiology with
a lab and those that take kinesiology without a lab with one of two different
instructors? The outcome will be measured by the students’ performance on
a comprehensive kinesiology final exam (I/R). Students are randomly assigned
to both an instructor and type of course structure.
factorial-fully independent (can be randomized or non randomized)
Is there a difference in athletes that train on various surfaces at various times
of the day? All athletes train on all surfaces and all of the available times of
day
factorial -fully repeated
Is there a difference between 4 different groups of participants with various
degrees of Psoriasis on itching? There was no intervention given.
post test only non randomized group
100 participants with vertigo treated at Richmond PT are randomized into
three groups. All participants are measured before and after the intervention.
Two groups receive the intervention and one group receives a placebo
factorial- mixed or split-plot (can be randomized or non)
500 participants with LBP are randomized into 2 groups. One group receives
manual therapy only and the other group receives the standard of care. Both
groups have pain assessed at discharge only.
posttest only randomized group
Twenty participants with OA are to receive a new drug. They are randomized
into 2 groups (one group receives a placebo). The participants are assessed
before and after the drug is administered. After 6 months with no treatment,
the drug is given to the other group and both groups are re-assessed both
before and after the second drug administration.
crossover with or without randomization
During a class early in PT school, the students were given an exam on the best ways to approach
the care of an individual with RA. Then the students were given 5 modules on the care of patients
with RA during the first semester. Due to midterms and other classwork, the follow-up exam
(determining if the educational intervention made a difference in the students’ learning) was
given at the end of the 2nd semester.
maturation
A PhD student was interested in the ability of individuals post-stroke to learn a new motor task
with their lower extremity in a seated position. The participants were given a home program and
tested every week for six weeks to determine if the home program was improving their ability to
perform the task.
repeated testing
A PhD student was interested on whether or not an in-school exercise intervention could impact
children with high BMIs in inner-city Houston. The outcome measure was weight, BMI and
percentage body fat and was tested at the beginning of the school year and again at the end of
the school year. The intervention was to provide short duration, high intensity exercise bouts in
their school classroom by their teacher. The children were tested at seven different HISD
elementary schools using the PE teachers’ scales and the measurements were all done by the
same researcher.
instrumentation
You are a researcher at TIRR and are conducting a study in collaboration with TWU professor. You
are interested in the impact of whole-body vibration on bone density in those individuals with
post-polio syndrome. You recruit 30 participants with post-polio and randomly divide them into
two groups. One group will receive the whole body vibration and the other will receive a sham
treatment. The participants bone density was measured prior to the 4 week intervention and
immediately following the intervention. The treatment group had a mean bone density pre-
intervention of T=-2.8 and the sham group had a mean bone density pre-intervention of T=-1.8.
Following the intervention, the treatment group had a mean of T=-2.0 and the sham group had a
mean of T=1.8. There was no difference between the groups after the intervention
regression to the mean
Dr. Mitchell is conducting a study at the Star of Hope Homeless shelter in Houston. She has
trained 6 shelter volunteers to provide fun active games (as well as education on wellness) for the
children and their mothers on a daily basis to determine if there is an impact on their quality of
life both in the short and long-term while homeless. The volunteers start the program with 75
mother/child pairs. Over the course of the first week, 4 pairings are placed in temporary housing.
And over the next 6 weeks, all find temporary or permanent housing. 82% of the pairings return
for the follow-up testing.
attrition/mortality
Dr. Gleeson is the former head of the APTA education section and one of the main individuals
responsible for CI training in the state of Texas. Dr. Gleeson is interested in studying the
professional behaviors of CIs as viewed by the CIs themselves as well as by their students. All of
the selected CIs have participated in Dr. Gleeson’s CI training courses. The students consent to
participate at the start of the rotation and their views regarding their CIs are assessed half-way
through the rotation. The CIs are asked to consent half-way through the rotation and are assessed
via a qualitative semi-structured interview at the end of the rotation. Dr. Gleeson will be
conducting all of the interviews.
experimenter bias
You are interested in the health habits of graduate students at TWU – all campuses. You randomly
select 100 students from Houston as your sample. You ask the participants to complete an
extensive survey on diet, exercise, study schedules, health priorities, family health patterns,
relaxation, etc. You plan on sharing your results with the new Chancellor of the University so that
she can implement programs that would best serve the graduate school student body as a whole
selection
You are interested in studying the effects of an aquatic exercise program at varying intensities in
those individuals that are s/p CVA. All of the participants are at least 1 year post-stroke. You
randomly select 60 individuals for placement into three groups. One group will receive aquatic
therapy 3 x per week (180 minutes). One group will receive aquatic therapy 1 x per week (60
minutes) and one group will not receive any aquatic therapy. All individuals must provide their
own transportation. All groups will be asked to exercise at least 180 minutes per
week….therefore, if not in the pool, they will be performing a home exercise program. As part of
the pre-intervention testing, all participants completed a battery of physical performance tests
including the 6 minute walk. You recruit all of your participants from a local stroke survivor
support group by sharing a flyer with the group leader. It is October in Houston and the weather
has just cooled off so the support group will start their outdoor walking program for interested
individuals.
history
-improvements in physical performance might not solely be attributable to the aquatic therapy since subjects have initated a walking program around same time
