Research Methods - aims and hypotheses (unfinished)

Question 1

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 1

Precise, testable statement of what the researcher predicts will happen

Question 2

What does operationalisation mean?

Answer 2

Clearly defining the variables so the hypothesis is testable and measurable

Question 3

What is a null hypothesis?

Answer 3

Predicts no difference/relationship between groups/conditions and any difference will be due to chance. It’s retained or rejected based on results from the statistical test

Question 4

What is an experimental/alternative hypothesis?

Answer 4

Predicts a difference/relationship between conditions

Question 5

What is a directional hypothesis? (one tailed)

Answer 5

Predicts a difference/relationship between conditions and states the direction of the difference

Question 6

What is a non-directional hypothesis? (two tailed)

Answer 6

Predicts a difference between groups but doesn’t state the direction

Question 7

When do you use directional or non-directional?

Answer 7

D - when previous published, scientific research allows them to predicts the direction of the results
ND - when opinions, newspaper articles and inconsistent research suggest a relationship/difference

Question 8

How do you write a null?

Answer 8

There will be no difference in (operationalised DV) between (condition 1) compared to (condition 2)

Question 9

How do you write a directional?

Answer 9

Participants who were in (condition 1) will get a higher/lower (operationalised DV) compared to (condition 2)

Question 10

How do you write a non directional?

Answer 10

There will be a difference in (operationalised DV) between (condition 1) compared to (condition 2)