Resp Session1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
Boyle’s Law
If temp constant, pressure is inversely proportional to vol
Charles’ Law
Pressure is proportional to absolute temp
universal Gas law
pressure x vol = Gas constant x temp
Define partial pressure and calculation
Gases behave independently, pp is portion of total pressure
same as fraction of volume in gas mixture
vapour pressure
water molecules that evaporate exert their own partial pressure
Saturated Vapour pressure and relevance in lungs
when gas entering and leaving water is equal
when gases enter the body they are completely saturated with water vapour so don’t dry out the lungs
Define Tension in water
How readily a gas will leave the liquid
At ebb tension=partial pressure
Content of gas in water
Solubility (how easily a gas dissolves) x Tension
Tidal Vol
amount of air displaced between inspiration and expiration when no extra effort is exerted
Optimum ventilation/perfusion ratio and how it is achieved
0.8
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (hypoxia of alveoli causes vasoconstriction therefore greater flow to well ventilated alveoli)
chronic leads to RV failure
Define lower respiratory tract and what it consists of
The parts lying inside of the thorax
Trachea, Bronchi, Lobar Bronchi (3 on left, 2 on right, have cartilage), Segmental Bronchi, Sub segmental bronchi, bronchioles (no cartilage, more SMC), terminal bronchioles,
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
Define upper respiratory tract and what it consists of
Parts outside of the thorax
Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx
Why do bronchi have cartilaginous rings?
Hold them open to provide path for air
Why do bronchioles have more SMC
Increase volume to draw air in
What are Conchae (or terbinates) and what are they for?
Folds in the nasal cavity offering vast heat exchange to warm air.
Name the 5 sinuses
Paranasal, Frontal, Ethmoidal, Sphenoidal, Maxillary
Three parts of the pharynx
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)
Describe nasopharynx
Posterior nasal cavity to soft palate
Respiratory function
Lymphoid tissues aggregate to form tonsils
Describe Oropharynx
Extends from soft palate to superior border of epiglottis, digestive function (involved in swallowing)
Describe Laryngopharynx
Posterior to larynx, superior border of epiglottis to inferior border of circoid cartilage, then continuous with oesophagus
Describe the position of the larynx
Anterior to laryngopharynx, extends from laryngeal input down to level of inferior border of circoid cartilage and becomes continuous with the trachea
Larynx’s function
Guard trachea during swallowing
Voice box contained there, nine cartilages connected by membranes and ligaments (vocal chords)
How is the cavity in the middle air connected to respiratory pathways?
Via the eustachian tube to the nasopharynx
what is the olfactory region of the nose?
Organ of smell