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year 1 > RESP TREATMETS > Flashcards

RESP TREATMETS Flashcards

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1
Q

pneumothorax

A

chest drain 4/5 intercostal space mid axillary line

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2
Q

tension pneumothorax

A

chest drain 2nd intercostal space mid clavicular line
16 gage cannula/large bore cannula
guided by US

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3
Q

reticular dysgenesis

A

bone marrow transplant

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4
Q

supportive Kostmann’s Syndrome

A

prophylactic antibiotics and anti fungals

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5
Q

definitive Kostmann’s Syndrome

A

Stem cell transplant and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)

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6
Q

supportive chronic granulomatous disease

A

prophylactic antibiotics and anti fungals

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7
Q

definitive chronic granulomatous disease

A

stem cell transplant

g-IFN therapy

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8
Q

phagocyte deficeincy

A

gene therapy

bone marrow transplant

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9
Q

SCID

A 
hospitalised
avoid infection (no vaccines, prophylactic antibiotics and anti fungals)
agressive Tx of infection
antibody replacement - IV Ig
stem cell transplant
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10
Q

DiGeorge Syndrome

A

correct metabolic/cardiac problems
prophylactic antibiotics
early and aggressive Tx of infection
Ig replacement

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11
Q

B cell deficiency

A

aggressive Tx of infection
immunoglobulin replacement
stem cell transplant

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12
Q

anaphylaxis

A

adrenaline

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13
Q

allergy

A

immunotherapy (allergen administered SC injections)

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14
Q

T2 hypersensitivity

e.g. ABO blood reaction

A

immunosuppression

Plasmapheresis

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15
Q

T3 hypersensitivity

e.g. SLE, acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, farmers/bird fanciers lung

A

avoidance
corticosteroids
immunosuppression
oxygen if acute

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16
Q

Sarcoidosis

A

NSAIDs
bed rest
corticosteroids e.g. oral prednisolone
immunosuppression e.g. methotrexate

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17
Q

Acute cellular or vascular rejection

A

immunosuppression

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18
Q

chronic allograft failure

A

minimise drug toxicity/hypertension/hyperlipidaemia

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19
Q

Flu

A

bed rest
fluids
paracetamol
Antivirals if risk of complications - Oseltamivir, Zanamivir

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20
Q

Atypical pneumonia

A

clarithromycin

tetracycline

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21
Q

legionella

A

erythromycin/clarithromycin

Fluoroquinolone e.g. levofloxacin

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22
Q

Pneumocystis Jiroveci

A

Co-trimoxazole

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23
Q 
CAP
HAP 
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA
EPIGLOTTITIS
SUPRAGLOTTITIS
COPD
A

look at antibiotic man deck

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24
Q

bronchiolitis

A

RSV - supportive Tx // Palivizumab - monoclonal AB not widely used

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25
CF younger patients | Staph. Aureus/ Haemophilus Influenzae
flucloxacillin - Staph Aureus | ceftriaxone - haemophilus influenzae
26
CF older patients Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burkholderia Cepacia
Ciprofloxacin (oral) Gentamicin (IV) Tayzosin (IV)
27
Whooping cough
Erythromycin | clarithromycin
28
Bronchiectasis
Postural drainage mild - cefaclor/ciprofloxacin/flucloxacillin (if SA) persistent - ceftazidime stop smoking, flu and pneumococcal vaccine
29
Bronchiectasis and chronic bronchial sepsis
prophylactic antibiotics gentamicin neb Pulsed IV ABs alternating oral ABs
30
large PE
thrombolysis
31
small PE
LMWH
32
TB + HIV
RIPE for life
33
respiratory and non-respiratory TB
RIPE - 2 months | RI - 4 months
34
meningitis and CNS TB
RIPE 2 months | RI - 10 months
35
latent TB and about to undergo immunosuppression
RIPE 3 months prior
36
what is the first line treatment of asthma | intermittent asthma
SABA - reliever, PRN
37
what is the second line treatment of asthma | mild persistent asthma
ICS - 1st line preventer
38
what 4 drugs could be considered as 3rd line treatment of asthma controllers moderate persistent asthma
Theophylline (oral) CysLT RA e.g. montelukast, oral OD LABA/LAMA Anti-IgE e.g. omalizumab/Anti-IL5
39
what is the 4th line treatment of asthma | severe persistent
oral steroid e.g. prednisolone
40
what is the asthma treatment pyramid
``` Some - SABA Interesting - ICS Ladies - LABA Can - CysLT RA Tame - Theophylline A - Anti-IgE Prince - Prednisolone ```
41
what is the treatment for acute asthma
OSHITMAN O - Oxygen (atleast 60%) S - SABA e.g. Salbutamol - high dose nebulised H- Hydrocortisone IV or oral prednisolone I - Ipratropium (SAMA) - nebulised T- Theophylline /aminophylline/magnesium M- Magnesium Sulfate AN- ANaesthatist - ITU assisted mechanical intubated ventilation
42
Acute COPD
Salbutamol + ipratropium (neb high dose) oral prednisolone antibiotic if infective (amoxicillin) oxygen physio to help sputum expectoration non-invasive ventilation to allow higher FiO2 ITU intubated assisted ventilation only if reversible component e.g. pneumonia
43
management of COPD
SAMA (mild) - e.g. ipratropium 4 times daily LAMA - tiotropium once daily, aclidinium BD ICS - frequent severe exam. e.g. beclametasone LABA PDE4 inhibitor e.g. roflumilast oral Mucolytic e.g. carbocisteine oral ABs for infective
44
alveolitis
systemic corticosteroids e.g. oral prednisolone oral azathioprine - steroid sparing immunosuppressive oxygen if hypoxia treat pulmonary hypertension
45
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | (cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
anti-fibrinotic agents e.g. pirfenidone, nintedanib
46
mesothelioma
chemotherapy
47
non-small cell
surgery radiotherapy Gefitnib - tyrosine kinase inhibitor
48
what is the condition for lung cancer resection
must be atleast 2cm of disease free bronchi
49
what is the condition for radiotherapy
if target is < 5cm diameter
50
what are 3 types of endobronchial palliative treatments
stent insertion for stridor photodynamic therapy laser therapy Radioactive pellets
51
small cell
chemo
52
croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
oral steroids e.g. prednisolone
53
sleep apnoea
remove underlying cause - lose weight, reduce alcohol | CPAP
54
Asbestosis
symptomatic relief
55
Pneumoconiosis
remove exposure
56
CF
``` postural drainage and physiotherapy ABs salbutamol beclometasone pancreatic enzyme supplements vitamins high calorie diet ```
57
empyema
drainage IV broad spectrum ABs oral culture - specific
58
central sleep apnoea
NIPPV treat underlying condition respiratory stimulant
59
neonatal distress syndrome
ventilation and extra O2 artificial surfactant to prevent - expectant mothers given steroids
60
Rhinitis
``` corticosteroids (beclometasone, prednisolone) Antihistamines SAMA - ipratropium Sodium Cromoglycate CysLT - montelukast ```
61
ARDS
ICU ventilation | treat underlying cause
62
prevention of transplant rejection
ciclosporin
63
most haemophilus influenza are sensitive to...
amoxicillin
64
pneumococci are treated with
amoxicillin
65
most pneumococci and h. influenza are sensitive to...
doxycycline
66
what does Co-amoxiclav cover
most H. influenza and coliforms
67
doxycycline covers atypicals except...
legionella
68
``` true/false Levofloxacin covers... MSSA H.influenza pneumococci coliforms legionella ```
true
69
what is the treatment of rhinitis
CAICM ``` corticosteroids anti-histamine ipratropium croons montelukast ```

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