respiratory 1

Question 1

watchdog of the lungs

Answer 1

larynx-vocalization is main job, but it protects the lungs from foreign objects and facilitates coughing

Question 2

Left lung has _____ lobes

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Right lung has ____ lobes

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Ventilation is:

Answer 4

the movement of air in and out of the lungs

Question 5

Respiration is

Answer 5

the process of gas exchange between the air and the blood and between the blood and the cells of the body

Question 6

Compliance is

Answer 6

the elasticity and expandability of the lungs and thoracic structures

Question 7

Stridor

Answer 7

high pitched sound (typically on inspiration) that is caused by breathing through a partially blocked upper airway

Question 8

Clubbing of the fingers

Answer 8

sign of lung disease-chronic hypoxia

Question 9

temporary pauses of breathing

Answer 9

apnea

Question 10

Barrel Chest

Answer 10

over inflation of the lungs; hallmark sign of emphysema and COPD

Question 11

Cheyne-Stoke’s Respirations

Answer 11

Regular cycle where the rate and depth increase then decrease until apnea-which can last about 20 seconds; r/t heart failure and damage to respiratory center

Question 12

Biot’s Respiration

Answer 12

Periods of normal breathing (3-4 breaths) followed by varying periods of apnea (10-60 seconds); can also be called Ataxic breathing; r/t respiratory depression-OD or brain injury

Question 13

Rhonci

Answer 13

Low pitched, snoring sound-r/t secretions (pneumonia)

Question 14

Wheezes

Answer 14

high pitched, musical sounds; asthma

Question 15

Pleural Friction Rub

Answer 15

low pitched rubbing or grating sound; inflammation and loss of lubricating pleural fluid

Question 16

tidal volume

Answer 16

volume of each breath

Question 17

minute ventilation

Answer 17

volume of air exchanged per minute- helps in detecting respiratory failure

Question 18

Aphonia

Answer 18

loss of the voice

Question 19

Signs of acute laryngitis

Answer 19

aphonia, hoarseness, and severe cough

Question 20

Epistaxis

Answer 20

Hemorrhage from the nose/nose bleed

Question 21

early sign of laryngeal cancer

Answer 21

hoarseness

Question 22

if a pt aspirates, consider completing a

Answer 22

swallow test

Question 23

Normal amount of fluid in the lungs is

Answer 23

10mL

Question 24

Which receptors assist the brain in controlling the respiratory center?

Answer 24

chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, proprioreceptors

Question 25

If the trachea is shifted, there is a possibility the pt has

Answer 25

a pneumothorax

Question 26

With epistaxis, the pt is at risk for

Answer 26

hypovolemia, anemia, and aspiration

Question 27

Rebound congestion (medicamentosa) is caused by

Answer 27

overusing nasal decongestants

Question 28

atelectasis

Answer 28

alveolar collapse

Question 29

what do alveoli secrete to prevent collapse?

Answer 29

surfactant

Question 30

oxygenated blood from lungs

Answer 30

pulmonary vein

Question 31

signs of difficult breathing

Answer 31

retractions/accessory muscle use, nasal flaring, head bobbing, grunting

Question 32

Capnography

Answer 32

measures concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaled air; critically ill pts or sedated pts

Question 33

#1 protector against disease

Answer 33

handwashing

Question 34

complication of ng tube

Answer 34

sinus infection

Question 35

1st step when pt is having difficulty breathing

Answer 35

elevate the head of the bed

Question 36

The fluid from a thoracentesis will be tested with

Answer 36

cytology, glucose, culture and sensitivity, gram stain

Question 37

If a pt shows this symptom with sinusitis, it is a serious indicator of possible brain infection

Answer 37

periorbital edema

Question 38

With laryngitis, educate your pt to be on

Answer 38

vocal rest

Question 39

If the O2 sat of your pt decreases while on Bipap, check

Answer 39

seal of the mask, make sure there are no gaps

Question 40

Ways to help with sleep apnea

Answer 40

weight loss, no alcohol, no sedatives

Question 41

High resp rate with low O2

Answer 41

Call Rapid Response!!

Question 42

How to promote sinus drainage

Answer 42

increase fluids, raise head of the bed, warm compress

Question 43

Funnel Chest

Answer 43

breast bone sinks into chest, can effect both heart and lungs ability to pump effectively

Question 44

Nuchal rigidity

Answer 44

neck stiffness; can be neurological and from chronic sinusitis; possibly life threatening as it can be a sign of meningitis

Question 45

How can alcohol withdrawal be life threatening?

Answer 45

can cause respiratory issues, delirium, and tremors

Question 46

What type of assessment should be completed for someone with respiratory issues?

Answer 46

Nutritional assessment (albumin, glucose, protein, and electrolytes) as malnutrition can cause further difficulty with respiratory system

Question 47

Sputum sample

Answer 47

no spitting, first thing in the morning. Deep breath and cough to obtain specimen

Question 48

potential complications of tonsillectomy

Answer 48

infection, hemorrhage, airway obstruction due to swelling

Question 49

Nasal cannula maxes out at

Answer 49

6L/min

Question 50

Fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2)

Answer 50

percent of gas that is oxygen

Question 51

FIO2 of room air

Answer 51

21%

Question 52

Nonrebreather mask

Answer 52

for non-stable patients; more than 5L/min and more than 90% FIO2 (low flow)

Question 53

Simple face mask

Answer 53

>5L/min, 40-60% FIO2; short term use (low flow)

Question 54

Venturi Mask

Answer 54

Variable L/min; precise % FIO2 (high flow)

Question 55

High flow nasal cannula

Answer 55

humidifies and warms; 30-60L/min

Question 56

CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)

Answer 56

used for sleep apnea; 1 setting for inhale and exhale

Question 57

BIPAP (bilevel positive airway pressure)

Answer 57

2 different settings for inhale and exhale

Question 58

Endotracheal tube

Answer 58

Artificial airway for when pts can’t protect their own; hooked to mechanical ventilator

Question 59

After placing ET tube,

Answer 59

check for equal breath sounds to ensure the tube is not down one bronchi or the other

Question 60

Gas exchange occurs at

Answer 60

alveoli; oxygen into blood, CO2 into alveoli

Question 61

Diminished breath sounds

Answer 61

quiet, shallow or restricted

Question 62

Crackles

Answer 62

popping; air moving through mucus, fluid or pus

Question 63

Best way to determine oxygenation

Answer 63

ABG; arterial line or blood draw

Question 64

Continuous oxygen measurement with

Answer 64

Pulse ox