respiratory

Question 1

What is COPD

Answer 1

-constriction of airways or difficulty breathing

Question 2

types of COPD

Answer 2

• Emphysemia
• chronic bronchitis

Question 3

what is emphysemia

Answer 3

inflammation of alveoli

• increase oxidate stress and proteases
• breakdown of alveolar walls
• increase airspaces
  -decrease alveolar surface area = less gas exchange
• acidosis pulmonary hypertension
  -respiratory failure

Question 4

what is chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

-Inflammation within bronchioles/bronchi = swelling, increase mucous production = narrowing = decrease airflow

Question 5

COPD risk

Answer 5

• smoking
  -exposure to environment irritants

Question 6

What is asthma

Answer 6

-chronic inflammation of airways

Question 7

what causes asthma attack

Answer 7

• bronchoconstriction and mucousal oedima = increase mucus production = increase airway resistance = reduces air flow = V/Q mismatch = decrease which leads to hypoxemia
• air retention and hypercapnia can occur

Question 8

S+S of asthma

Answer 8

• cough
• wheezing
• chest tightness
• shortness of breath

Question 9

pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis

Answer 9

• autommal recessive
• Recessive allele codes for an abnormality in chloride channels =
• decrease chloride secretion to extra cellular fluid (ECF) =
• cellular secretions become more thick, dry, sticky
• decrease cilia action and increase airway resistance = decrease ability to remove debris and microbes = increase risk of inflections