Respiratory

Question 1

Apex of lung level

Answer 1

Above clavicle: 1 rib

Question 2

Right lobes & fissures

Answer 2

3 lobes: upper middle lower
Horizontal fissure: above rib 4, divides upper and middle lobes
Oblique fissure: oblique from rib 6 up to rib 5 anterior & lateral, T4-5 level posterior

Question 3

Left lobes & fissure

Answer 3

2 lobes
Oblique fissure: distal end rib 6 runs superolateral by rib 5 anterior, level of T4-5 posteriorly
Divides upper and lower lobes

Question 4

Diaphragm

Answer 4

O: xiphoid process, lower 6 ribs + coastal cartilage, upper 3 lumbar vertebrae (right) upper 2 lumbar vertebrae (left)
I: central tendon
A: main inspiration muscle, contracts and moves inferiorly to increase vertical diameter or thoracic cavity & produce lung expansion to allow drawing air in
N: phrenic n. (C3-C5)

Question 5

Accessory inspiration muscles

Answer 5

SCM, scalenes, Pec major & minor, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi

Question 6

Accessory expiratory muscles

Answer 6

Rectus abdominis, external & internal obliques, TrA

Question 7

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 7

Nose, nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx

Question 8

Lower respiratory tract

Answer 8

Trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli