Respiratory Flashcards
1
Q
What are some common URTIs in children?
A
- rhinitis
- tonsilitis
- otitis media
- pharyngitis
- laryngitis
- epiglotitis
2
Q
What are features of rhinitis?
A
- very common, 5-10 per yr, winter
- self-limiting condition
- prodrome to other illnesses
- pneumonia, bronchiolitis, meningitis, septicaemia
3
Q
What are features of otitis media?
A
- common, self-limiting
- primary viral infection
- secondary infection with pneumococcus/h flu
- spontaneous rupture of drum
- give analgesia
* antibiotics usually doesn’t help
4
Q
What is the management for tonsillitis and pharyngitis?
A
- throat swab
- viral or bacterial
- no treatment
- 10 days penicillin
* don’t give amoxycillin
5
Q
What are features of croup (LTB)?
A
- para’flu I
- common
- well
- coryza, stridor, hoarse voice, “barking” cough
- oral dexamethasone
6
Q
What are features of epiglottitis?
A
- H. influenzae type B
- rare
- toxic
- stridor, drooling
- intubation + antibiotics
7
Q
What are some common LRTIs in children?
A
- tracheitis
- pneumonia
- bronchitis
- bronchiolitis
- empyaema
8
Q
What are common LRTI agents?
A
- bacterial
- strep pneumoniae, h influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae
- viral
- RSV, parainfluenza III, influenza A + B, adenovirus
9
Q
What are features of tracheitis?
A
- ‘croup’ which doesn’t get better
- fever, malaise
- staph/strep invasive infection
- augmentin
10
Q
What are features of bronchitis?
A
- common
- endobronchial infection
- loose rattly cough with URTI
- post-tussive vomit ‘glut’
- chest free of wheeze/creps
- haemophilus/pneumococcus
- mostly self-limiting
11
Q
What are features of bacterial bronchitis?
A
- following URTI
- lasts 4 weeks
- 60-80% respond
- pneumococcus/h flu
12
Q
What are features of branchiolitis?
A
- affects 30-40% all infants
- usually RSV, or paraflu II, HMPV
- nasal stuffiness, tachypnoea, poor feeding
- crackles, +/- wheeze
- obervation
