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Histo LAB > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

It provides for exchange of O2 and CO2 to and from

the blood

A

Respiratory System

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2
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system

A 
to supply the
body’s need for
oxygen and to
give off carbon
dioxide.
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3
Q

What are the 2 respiratory airways

A

Upper and lower respiratory airway

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4
Q

Consists of upper respiratory airway and lower
respiratory airway.

Includes nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
extrapulmonary and intrapulmonary bronchi,
bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles.

A

Conducting portion (transportation of gases)

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5
Q

Includes respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts,

alveolar sacs, and alveoli

A

Respiratory portion (exchange of gases)

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6
Q

What is the composition of upper respiratory airway

A

nasal cavity
nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx

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7
Q

the first portion of the upper respiratory airway.

A

Nasal cavity

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8
Q

What are the regions of the nasal cavity

A

Nasal vestibule
Nasal mucosa region
Olfactory mucos region

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9
Q

The most anterior part of the nasal cavity

A

Nasal vestibule

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10
Q

What is the covering of the nasal vestibule

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and vibrissae (stiff hairs)

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11
Q

It contains ciliated columnar cells, goblet cells,

basal cells, and, occasionally, neuroendocrine cells.

A

Nasal mucosa region

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12
Q

What kind of tissue is the nasal mucosa region

A

Pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium)

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13
Q

Located in the roof of the nasal cavity; Functions as a site for odorant chemoreception

A

Olfactory mucosa region

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14
Q

What kind of tissue is a Olfactory mucosa region

A

Pseudotratified columnar epithelium

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15
Q

It conduct air from the nasal cavity and

oral cavity to the larynx respectively.

A

Nasopharynx and Oropharynx

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16
Q

It is lined by respiratory

epithelium.

A

Nasopharynx

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17
Q

It is lined by respiratory

epithelium.

A

Oropharynx

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18
Q

An unencapsulated
patch of lymphoid tissue, is located in the
posterior aspect of the nasopharynx.

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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19
Q

Located at the junction of

the oral cavity and the oral pharynx.

A

Palatine tonsils

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20
Q

Conducts air from the

pharynx to the trachea.

A

Larynx

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21
Q

A thin leaf like plate structure; its central cord

contains a large piece of _______

A

Epiglottis; elastic cartilage

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22
Q

What type of tissue is the upper anterior surface of the epiglottis

A

Non-Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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23
Q

It contain striated skeletal muscle and ligaments

mainly elastic fibers

A

Vocal cords

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24
Q

What type of tissue is the vocal cords lined by

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous

25
Q

What type of tissue protects the vocal cords from mechanical stress

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

26
Q

What is the function of vocal cords

A

control airflow and facilitate speaking

27
Q

It includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and

terminal bronchioles.

A

Lower Respiratory airway

28
Q

It facilitate oxygen
delivery, gas exchange, and immune defense
mechanisms.

A

Lower respiratory airway

29
Q

A tube formed
of cartilage and
fibromuscular
membrane

A

Trachea

30
Q

What type of tissue is in the lining of the trachea

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

31
Q

The primary bronchi, which begin at the bifurcation of the trachea and lead to
the right and left lungs.

A

Extrapulmonary Bronchi

32
Q

Why is it called extrapulmonary bronchi

A

Because they are

positioned outside the lungs.

33
Q

have C-shaped hyalineHcartilage

A

Extrapulmonary Bronchi

34
Q

It is narrower and less vertical and gives rise to the two secondary bronchi

A

Left primary bronchus

35
Q

It is wider and shorter and more vertical, it gives rise to three secondary bronchi;

A

Right primary bronchus

36
Q

They are secondary and tertiary bronchi

A

Intrapulmonary bronchi

37
Q

Smaller airways deriving from tertiary bronchi,
which continue to branch into terminal
bronchioles; no cartilage in their walls

A

Bronchioles

38
Q

What type of tissue are large bronchioles

A

Ciliated columnar epithelium

39
Q

What type of tissue are small bronchioles

A

Ciliated cuboidal epithelium; also has Clara cells

40
Q

The smallest and last of the conducting portion of
the respiratory system and they have no gas
exchange function.

A

Terminal Bronchioles

41
Q

It does not have
cartilage and has gradually increasing numbers of
alveoli.

A

Respiratory Portion

42
Q

It includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar

ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli.

A

Respiratory portion

43
Q

are interrupted

by pouchlike, thin-walled structures

A

Respiratory Bronchioles

44
Q

What is the type of epithelium of respiratory bronchioles

A

Cuboidal epithelium

45
Q

Pouchlike, thin-walled structures

A

Alveoli

46
Q

It arise from respiratory bronchioles

A

Alveolar ducts

47
Q

Composed of two or more alveoli that share a common opening.

A

Alveolar sac

48
Q

Thin-walled pouches, which provide the respiratory

surface area for gas exchange.

A

Alveoli

49
Q

What type of pneumocyte are in the alveoli

A

Type I and type II

50
Q

Important structure for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

A

Blood-Air barrier

51
Q

Neighboring alveoli are separated by this and contain elastic connective tissue and
may have capillaries within them

A

Alveolar septa

52
Q

Also known as Type I alveolar cells

A

Type I pneumocyte

53
Q

What % of type I pneumocyte cover the alveolar surface

A

95 to 97%

54
Q

What type of tissue are the type 1 penumocyte

A

Squamous cells

55
Q

These cells cannot divide, but can be regenerated

A

Type I pneumocyte

56
Q

It can undergo mitosis to regenerate and also can

form type I pneumocytes

A

Type II penumocytes

57
Q

What % of the alveolar surface is Type II penumocytes

A

3 to 5%

58
Q

It is also known as dust cells

A

Alveolar macrophage

59
Q

Where does the dust cells originate from

A

Bone marrow and blood

Histo LAB (7 decks)

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