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Systemic Pharm II > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

(29 cards)

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1
Q

Albuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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2
Q

Levalbuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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3
Q

Pirbuterol

A

short-acting B2 Agonist

rapid onset (5-30mins) and lasts 4-6 hrs

  • quick relief
  • no anti-inflammatory effects (not used alone)

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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4
Q

Formoterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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5
Q

Indacaterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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6
Q

Salmeterol

A

long-lasting B2 Agonist

  • not for rapid effects, lasts 12 hours
  • no anti-inflammatory effects

Tx: Asthma + COPD

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7
Q

Beclomethasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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8
Q

Budesonide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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9
Q

Ciclesonide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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10
Q

Flunisolide

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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11
Q

Fluticasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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12
Q

Mometasone

A

inhaled corticosteroid

  • 1st choice for persistent asthma + taken everyday
  • decrease inflammation/hyperresponsiveness of airway

HELLA AE!! (increased IOP, HTN, Cataracts)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis
- nasal spray (local admin): nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis

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13
Q

Montelukast

A

anti-leukotriene: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

blocks leukotriene effects

AE: behavior/mood changes (suicidal)

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis

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14
Q

Zafirlukast

A

anti-leukotriene

AE: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

blocks leukotriene effects

inhibits P450 - increases warfarin levels

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15
Q

Zileuton

A

anti-leukotriene: increases hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia (indigestion)

inhibits 5-lipoxygenase to prevent leukotriene formation

inhibits P450 - increases warfarin levels

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16
Q

Cromolyn

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A

Mast cell Stabilizer: blocks release of inflammatory mediators

prophylactic anti-inflammatory

  • not for acute attacks
  • short duration of action
  • frequent daily dosing

Tx: Asthma + Allergic Rhinitis

17
Q

Ipratropium

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A

cholinergic antagonist: blocks contraction of smooth muscles innervated by vagus nerve - Bronchodilation

  • slow onset with minimal AE
  • less effective than B2 Agonist except when COPD

Tx: Asthma + COPD

18
Q

Tiotropium

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A

cholinergic antagonist: blocks contraction of smooth muscles innervated by vagus nerve - Bronchodilation

  • slow onset with minimal AE
  • less effective than B2 Agonist except when COPD

Tx: Asthma + COPD

19
Q

Theophylline

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A

increases cAMP and antagonizes adenosine receptors which leads to bronchodilation (decrease symptoms of chronic asthma)

AE: narrow TI, so an overdose can lead to fatal arrhythmias or seizures

20
Q

Omalizumab

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A

selectively binds to IgE and decreases release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils

very costly and reserved for people who don’t respond to other meds for Asthma

21
Q

Cetirizine

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A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

22
Q

Diphenhydramine

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A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

23
Q

Fexofenadine

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A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

24
Q

Loratadine

Study These Flashcards
A

anti-histamine: H1 blockers
- eye drops, nasal spray, OTC

AE: dry EYE + mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, sedation

Tx: Allergic Rhinitis

25
Alpha Agonists
Constricts dilated arterioles and reduces airway resistance to treat Allergic Rhinitis commonly with Antihistamine Phenylephrine (short acting) Oxymetazoline (long acting) rapid onset but long term use (>3 days) can have rebound nasal congestion
26
Codeine
gold standard for suppression of cough by decreasing sensitivity of cough centers in the CNS to peripheral stimuli + decreases mucus secretion lower dose than for analgesia Tx: Cough
27
Dextromethorphan
morphine derivative but no analgesic effect at anti-tussive dosage low addictive profile (can still be abused) equally effective as codeine Tx: Cough
28
Benzonatate
local anesthetic that anesthetizes respiratory passage to reduce cough reflex
29
Guaifenesin
Expectorant: facilitates the coughing up of mucus (makes coughing more productive) decreases adhesiveness and surface tension of respiratory tract secretions and facilitates expectoration and decreases coughing

Systemic Pharm II (17 decks)

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