Respiratory Function

Question 1

3 lobes

Answer 1

Right lung

Question 2

2 lobes

Answer 2

Left lung

Question 3

Provide oxygenated blood to the lung tissue

Answer 3

Bronchial arteries

Question 4

Provide deoxygenated blood for gas exchange

Answer 4

Pulmonary arteries

Question 5

Majority of gas exchange

Answer 5

Base of the lungs

Question 6

Need adequate, equal ventilation/perfusion at the site of

Answer 6

Ventilation perfusion matching

Question 7

Blood is shunted to areas with better ventilation to minimize V/Q mismatch

Answer 7

Pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction

Answer 8

Dead space

Question 9

Tidal volume x respiratory rate

Answer 9

Minute ventilation

Question 10

Oxygen in the alveolus (PAO2), oxygen in the arterial blood (PaO2)

Answer 10

Aa gradient (normal < 10mmHg)

Question 11

Diaphragm moves down, chest wall moves outward, lungs expand

Answer 11

Inspiration

Question 12

Diaphragm moves up, chest wall moves inward, lungs recoil

Answer 12

Expiration

Question 13

Controls resp. rate/pattern/depth, cues when to breath, CO2 triggers breathing process

Answer 13

Pons and medulla

Question 14

Pressure difference = (air flow)(resistance)
Resistance = (pressure difference)/(airflow)

Answer 14

Ohm’s law

Question 15

Expandability of the lung or ease of inflation

Answer 15

Compliance

Question 16

Extra volume that can be inspired above tidal volume

Answer 16

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 17

Volume that enters and leaves with each normal breath

Answer 17

Tidal volume

Question 18

Extra volume that can be expired below tidal volume

Answer 18

Expiratory reserve volume

Question 19

Volume remaining after maximum expiration

Answer 19

Residual volume

Question 20

Volume breathed in from normal expiration to maximum inspiration

Answer 20

Inspiratory capacity

Question 21

Volume that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration (to maximum expiration)

Answer 21

Vital capacity

Question 22

Volume remaining after normal expiration

Answer 22

Functional residual capacity

Question 23

Volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration

Answer 23

Total lung capacity

Question 24

More affinity, give away less oxygen, increased pH (basic), decreased CO2, decreased temperature

Answer 24

Left shift

Question 25

Less affinity, give away more oxygen, decreased pH (acidic), increased CO2, increased temperature

Answer 25

Right shift

Question 26

Increased work of breathing: accessory muscle use, tripoding, tachypnea, speaking in shorter sentences

Answer 26

Acute respiratory distress

Question 27

Drugs, asthma, chronic lung diseases, infectious illness
Possible result of unresolved acute respiratory distress
PaO2 < 60mmHg, PaCO2 > 50mmHg

Answer 27

Acute respiratory failure

Question 28

Rapid, shallow breathing/slow irregular breathing, accessory muscle use, mental status changes, cyanosis/pallor

Answer 28

Clinical manifestations of acute respiratory failure

Question 29

Venous stasis (blood isn’t flowing), hypercoagulability (cancer, pregnancy), initial injury (trauma)

Answer 29

Pulmonary venous thromboebolism/DVT

Question 30

Sudden chest pain, dyspnea/tachypnea, hemoptysis, tachycardia

Answer 30

S/Sx of pulmonary embolism