Short-acting bronchodilator
(rescue inhaler)
To treat acute asthma attack or acute COPD exacerbation
Short-acting bronchodilator
(rescue inhaler)
albuterol, levalbuterol
Short-acting bronchodilator
(rescue inhaler)
Can cause tremors and tachycardia:
- teach client that these symptoms will subside
- avoid caffeine
Long-acting bronchodilator
(maintenance inhaler)
To treat chronic asthma or COPD
Long-acting bronchodilator
(maintenance inhaler)
- ipratropium, tiotropium
- formoterol
Long-acting bronchodilator
(maintenance inhaler)
Anticholinergic side effects (use caution if taking other anticholinergic meds):
- causes blurry vision - implement safety / fall precautions
- causes urinary retention - monitor intake and output
- causes dry mouth - give candy or ice chips
- causes constipation - encourage fluids/fiber/walking
"can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't shit"
What are the steps to using an inhaler?
Steps to using an inhaler:
- Use the bronchodilator first, then the steroid
- remove cap and hold inhaler upright
- shake inhaler
- tilt head back and breathe out
- press down on inhaler to release medicine
- breath in slowly for 3-5 seconds
- hold breath for 10 seconds
- wait 1 minute in between puffs
Click HERE for a video on inhaler use.
Steroid inhalers
To decrease inflammation in the lungs
Steroid inhalers
- beclomethasone, fluticasone, mometasone, triamcinolone
- budesonide
Combination bronchodilator and steroid inhalers
- albuterol/ipratropium
- budesonide/formoterol
- fluticasone/salmeterol
theophylline
2nd choice bronchodilator
theophylline
-
assess for toxicity
- nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
- restlessness and insomnia
-
avoid caffeine and smoking
- can increase risk of toxicity
- nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
- restlessness and insomnia
- can increase risk of toxicity
theophylline
theophylline therapeutic level: 10 - 20
Antiallergy drugs
To treat seasonal allergies or itching
Antiallergy drugs
- diphenhydramine
- hydroxyzine
- loratadine
- cetirizine, levocetirizine
Antiallergy drugs
Anticholinergic side effects (use caution if taking other anticholinergic meds):
- causes blurry vision - implement safety / fall precautions
- causes urinary retention - monitor intake and output
- causes dry mouth - give candy or ice chips
- causes constipation - encourage fluids/fiber/walking
"can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't shit"
_______ and ______ is a common side effect of antiallergy drugs.
Sedation and dizziness is a common side effect of antiallergy drugs.
Implement safety and fall precautions.
Antituberculosis drugs
- isoniazid
- rifampin
Antituberculosis drugs
-
nephrotoxic - check BUN, creatinine and urine output
-
ototoxic - check hearing and balance
-
hepatotoxic - check ALT and AST
Hold med and notify HCP if findings are abnormal.
Antituberculosis drugs
Avoid foods with tyramine in clients taking TB drugs
Avoid "aged foods" such as:
- aged cheese and meats
- smoked and processed meats like sausage
- soy sauce
- beer and wine
Taking together can cause cardiovascular changes such as flushing, changes in BP and HR and chills.
What color do secretions turn when a client is on rifampin?
- Secretions can be reddish-orange
- Inform the client that is not harmful, but can stain clothing
