Respiratory System Flashcards
(61 cards)
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To perform the crate tasks involved in transporting oxygen from the atmosphere into the body’s cells and removing carbon dioxide from the body’s calls.
Specifically structured to maximize surface area for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Surface area of alveoli in a human lung is equipment to half the size of a basketball court.
What is ventilation?
Exchanging the gas oxygen with the gas carbon dioxide in the lungs.
Passageway of air during inhalation.
Air enters through the nasal openings, moves into the nasal cavity, and travels past the pharynx (throat), larynx, and into the trachea (large tube reinforced by cartilage rings that keep it from collapsing. Air continues to the first division of trachea, into the right and left primary bronchi, to the lungs, into bronchi, and into the alveoli
Alveoli
Site of gas exchange.
Have type II alveolar cells that releas a lipoprotein called surfactant.
Surfactant
Reduces surface tension
Where is the heart located?
In the mediastinum(area between the two lungs), marginally on the left side.
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3lobes. Superior, inferior and middle.
3 lobes because it is a little larger than the left lung.
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2 lobes. Superior and inferior lobes.
Respiratory system includes:
Nose, mouth, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx,trachea, bronchialtree, and lungs.
These organs facilitate the delivery of oxygen to the cells of the body for use in cellular respiration.
Conducting zone/ conduction zone consist of
The nasal cavity, phaneux,trachea, bronchi, and most bronchioles.these ave the airways that transport gases into and out of the lungs.
Respiratory zone
Where gas exchange occurs.
What is used during pulmonary respiration? (Breathing) essential to breathing.
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Used to enlarge the chest cavity during respiration.
External respiration
The exchange of gas between the lungs and the blood.
Internal respiration
The exchange of gas between the blood and tissues.
Secondary functions of the respirators system include:
pH regulation of the blood, thermoregulation, detection, and the production of speech.
Gas exchange
The loading of oxygen into pulmonary blood, and the removal of carbon dioxide.
Where do gases diffuse?
Down their partial pressure gradient across a shared membrane between capillaries and called alveoli called respiratory membrane.
What does oxygen diffuse into?
Oxygen diffuses into the blood where it is delivered to tissues throughout the body
What is the waste product of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide.
What is thermoregulation?
The regulation of body temperature.
Why do capillaries within the respiratory tract constrict?
To preserve heat. Particularly in the nasal passages and trachea.
Why do capillaries within the respiratory system dilate?
To release heat. Particularly in the nasal passages and trachea.
What does the exhalation of warm, moistened air do?
Helps cool the body.
What is the secondary role of the respiratory system?
The protection against disease and filtration of particulate matter.
