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Biology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Is a form of respiration in which gas exchange occurs across the skin or outer integument of an organism rather than gills or lungs

A

Skin System

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2
Q

Aquatic animals uses gills to gets oxygen from the water.

A

Gills System

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3
Q

A respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide.

A

Gills

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4
Q

Gas exchange in some animals like insect takes place in their trachea, which are several air tubes that form a network in their bodies.

A

Tracheal System

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5
Q

Are respiratory openings found on the thorax and abdomen of insects.

A

Spiracles

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6
Q

Is the network of organs and tissues that allow you to breathe.

A

Lung System

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7
Q

Function of Respiratory System

A

Supplies the body with oxygen and disposes of carbon dioxide
Filters inspired air
Produces sound
Contains receptors for smell
Rids the body of some excess water and heat
Helps regulate blood pH

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8
Q

Types of Respiration

A

External Respiration
Internal Respiration
Cellular Respiration

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9
Q

An exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood.

A

External Respiration

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10
Q

An exchange of gases between the blood and tissue cells

A

Internal Respiration

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11
Q

The cells utilize the oxygen for their specific activities.

A

Cellular Respiration

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12
Q

Mechanics of Ventilation

A

Ventilation or Breathing
Pulmonary Ventilation

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13
Q

Is the movement of air through the conducting passages between the atmosphere and the lungs.

A

Ventilation or Breathing

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14
Q

Is the process of air flowing into the lungs and out of the lungs. Air flows because of pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases inside the lungs.

A

Pulmonary Ventilation

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15
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation 3 different pressures

A

Atmospheric pressure
Interalveolar (intrapulmonary) pressure
Intrapleural pressure

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16
Q

The pressure of the air outside the body.

A

Atmospheric pressure

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17
Q

The pressure inside the alveoli of the lungs

A

Interalveolar pressure

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18
Q

Is the process of taking air into the lungs. It is the active phase of ventilation because it is the result of muscle contraction.

A

Inspiration (Inhalation)

19
Q

Is the process of letting air out of the lungs during the breathing cycle.

A

Expiration (Exhalation)

20
Q

An instrument that measures the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs

A

Spirometer

21
Q

Conducting Passages

A

The Upper Respiratory Tract
The Lower Respiratory Tract

22
Q

Also called external nares.
Divided into two halves by the nasal septum.
Contains the paranasal sinuses where air is warmed.
Contains cilia which is responsible for filtering out foreign bodies.

A

Nose

23
Q

Parts of the Nose

A

Nostril - Opening part of the nose
Nasal Septum - The wall that separate the right and left side of the nose
Nasal Cavity - The passageway of air to the nose
Oral Cavity - The passageway of air to the mouth
Mucous Membrane - The membrane that produce moist to the nose

24
Q

Common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems.
Commonly called the throat. .
Common pathway for both air and food.
Flexible lateral walls are distensible in order to force swallowed food into the esophagus.
There is two opening tube in the pharynx one is esophagus for the food and other one is epiglottis.

A

Pharynx

25
Q

Three Sections of the Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx - contains the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) which aid in the body’s immune defense.
Oropharynx - back portion of the mouth that contains the palatine tonsils which aid in the body’s immune defense.
Laryngopharynx - Bottom section of the pharynx where the respiratory tract divides into the esophagus and the larynx

26
Q

Voice box is a short, somewhat cylindrical airway ends in the trachea.
Prevents swallowed materials from entering the lower respiratory tract.
Conducts air into the lower respiratory tract.
Produces sounds.
Supported by a framework of nine pieces of cartilage

A

Larynx

27
Q

A flexible tube also called windpipe.

A

Trachea

28
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea

29
Q

Responsible for gas exchange of air.

A

Lungs

30
Q

Responsible for gas exchange

A

Alveoli or Air Sac

31
Q

Small tube inside the lungs.

A

Bronchioles

32
Q

The outer surface of each lung and the adjacent internal thoracic wall are lined by a serous membrane.

A

Pleura

33
Q

The outer surface of each lung is tightly covered by the

A

Visceral Pleura

34
Q

The internal thoracic walls, the lateral surfaces of the mediastinum, and the superior surface of the diaphragm are lined by the

A

Parietal Pleura

35
Q

The potential space between the serous membrane layers is a

A

Pleural Cavity

36
Q

Divided into 2 lobes by oblique fissure

– Smaller than the right lung

– Cardiac notch accommodates the heart

A

Left Lung

37
Q

Divided into 3 lobes by oblique and horizontal fissure

– Located more superiorly in the body due to liver on right side

A

Right Lung

38
Q

Is the main muscle for breathing. This dome-shaped wall of muscle does most of the breathing work by expanding and contracting the chest to draw air in and out of your lungs.

A

Diaphragm

39
Q

Chronic inflammatory disease of small bronchi & bronchioles, triggered by inhaled irritants & classified by irritant.

A

Asthma

40
Q

Destruction of alveolar walls, alveoli merge air spaces. 90% of cases are smokers

A

Ephysema

41
Q

Fluid in alveoli.

A

Pulmonary Edema

42
Q

Inflammation of the lungs, usually caused by bacteria.

A

Pneumonia

43
Q

Chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis.

A

Tuberculosis

44
Q

Mostly due to metastasis.
- Bronchogenic carcinoma is the most common.

A

Lung Neoplasms

Biology (9 decks)

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