Respiratory System Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the function of the respiratory system?
To deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide through breathing.
What is the path of air during inhalation?
Nose/mouth → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → lungs → alveoli.
What is the path of air during exhalation?
The reverse: alveoli → bronchi → trachea → larynx → pharynx → nose/mouth.
What happens in the alveoli?
Oxygen diffuses into the blood; carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled.
What controls breathing?
The brainstem, based on oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
What muscle is responsible for inhalation and exhalation?
The diaphragm—contracts to inhale, relaxes to exhale.
What happens when the diaphragm contracts?
The lungs expand and air is drawn in.
What happens when the diaphragm relaxes?
The lungs deflate and air is pushed out.
Why is gas exchange important?
It supplies oxygen to the body and removes waste carbon dioxide.
How are alveoli adapted for gas exchange?
They are thin-walled and surrounded by capillaries for efficient diffusion.
