Respiratory System Flashcards
(21 cards)
respiratory system incl
upper and lower respiratory tracts
upper tract incl
- nasal cavity
- nostrils
- mouth
- pharynx and larynx
- glottis
- trachea
lower tract incl
bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, alveoli
gas exchange occurs bw
alveoli and surrounding capillaries
breathing involves
diaphram, ribcage and pleural cavity
diaphram
muscle layer that seperates thoracic cabity from abdominal cavity
pleura
layers of tissue that surrounds lungs
breathing involves
- inspiration - inhale
- expiration - exhale
inspiration
muscles of ribcage contract so it lift up and out while diaphram contracts and moves down (more volume in thoracic cavity = lungs expand)
expiration
relaxng muscles of ribcage and diaphragm, dec volume = air gets pushed out of lungs, moving from higher –> lower pressure
main purpose of breathing
bringng o2 into body and releasing co2
% of gasses during inhalation
21% o2
0.04% co2
79% nitrogen and other
% of gasses during exhalation
16% o2
4.5% co2
79% nitrogen and other
all cells in body require o2 for
cellular respiration to get rid of waste (co2)
diffusion
o2 and co2 move form area of high concentration to low concentration
gas ex happens in 2 places
- bw alveoli and blood
- At the cell level: exchanged from capillaries in/out of cells
o2 gets carried from
alveoli to blood
co2 gets carried from
blood to alveoli/lungs
air enters alveoli , what happens
alveoli is higher in o2 concentraion than blood surrounding capillaries and o2 diffuses from alveoli to blood
what happens after o2 diffuses from alveoli to blood
o2 attaches to hemoglobin molecules and blood returns to the left side of the heart thru the pulmonary vein
o2 lvl is higher in blood than in body cells bc
cell in constantly usign o2 for cellular respiration
- o2 is released from hemoglobin and flows into cell
