Respiratory system 🫁 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the 2 types of respiration?
Internal- cellular respiration
External- breathing
What is the pathway of air through the respiratory system?
Nasal cavity –> pharynx –> larynx–> trachea –> primary bronchi –> secondary bronchi –> tertiary bronchi –> bronchioles –> alveoli
What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
The diaphragm helps you breathe by contracting during inhalation and expanding during exhalation.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
How does the structure of alveoli enhance gas exchange?
Alveoli have thin walls and a large surface area, allowing for diffusion of gases
What gas do we exhale that is a waste product of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
What is the purpose of the cilia and mucus in the respiratory tract?
They trap and move dust, and other particles out of the airways
How do oxygen and carbon dioxide move between the alveoli and capillaries?
Through diffusion though the alveoli and capillary lining, from high to low concentration.
What is the function of the epiglottis in respiration?
It prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
Why is the left lung slightly smaller than the right lung?
To make space for the heart.
What are intercostal muscles and what are the 2 types?
Intercostal muscles are the muscles found between your ribs.
What are the 2 main types of intercostal muscles?
There are two main types: External intercostal muscles – help with breathing in and Internal intercostal muscles – help with breathing out
Label the respiratory system diagram
well done🥳🎉
What is the formula for cellular respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy (ATP)
How does asthma affect the respiratory system?
A chronic condition where airways become inflamed and narrow, making breathing difficult
What is pneumonia and how does it affect the respiratory system?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes the air sacs (called alveoli) to become inflamed and filled with fluid or pus. Therefore, blocks gas exchange, leading to low oxygen levels in the body.
What does smoking cause?
emphysema: The air sacs in the lungs get damaged, making it hard to breathe.
chronic bronchitis: The airways are swollen and full of mucus, causing a long-lasting cough.
lung cancer: Cells in the lungs grow out of control and develop into a tumor.
