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ADULTS BY (OMAR LAS3AD X AMR ABDELHAMID) > Respiratory System (Adult) pt.1 > Flashcards

Respiratory System (Adult) pt.1 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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2
Q

What are the disorders included in COPD?

A
  • Chronic bronchitis
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Emphysema
  • Asthma
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3
Q

What characterizes COPD?

A

Irreversible condition associated with dyspnea on exertion and reduced airflow in and out of the lungs

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4
Q

Define chronic bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchi with a productive cough lasting for 3 months a year for 2 consecutive years

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5
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of chronic bronchitis?

A
  • Chronic productive cough, especially during winter months
  • Wheezing
  • Dyspnea on exertion (later stages)
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6
Q

What can exacerbate the cough in chronic bronchitis?

A
  • Cold weather
  • Dampness
  • Pulmonary irritants
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7
Q

Fill in the blank: Chronic bronchitis is defined as inflammation of the bronchi with the presence of a _______.

A

[productive cough]

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8
Q

What is bronchiectasis?

A

A chronic dilatation of the bronchi and bronchioles, commonly caused by pulmonary infections.

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9
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of bronchiectasis?

A

Chronic cough, production of purulent sputum in copious amounts, and clubbing of fingers.

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10
Q

What is a common cause of bronchiectasis?

A

Pulmonary infections.

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11
Q

What symptom involves the production of large amounts of purulent sputum?

A

Bronchiectasis.

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12
Q

What does clubbing of the fingers indicate in respiratory conditions?

A

It is a clinical sign often associated with chronic hypoxia, seen in conditions like bronchiectasis.

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13
Q

Front

A

Back

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14
Q

What is the definition of bronchial asthma?

A

A chronic lung condition characterized by difficulty in breathing due to intermittent and reversible airway obstruction.

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15
Q

What causes the airways to narrow in asthma?

A

Irritation of the airways causes them to narrow or become obstructed, making it hard for air to flow.

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16
Q

Is bronchial asthma a reversible condition?

A

Yes, it is an intermittent and reversible obstructive airway disease.

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17
Q

What are the hallmark signs of bronchial asthma?

A

Wheezing, coughing (especially at night or early morning), shortness of breath, chest tightness, tachycardia, and tachypnea.

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18
Q

When is asthma-related coughing most likely to occur?

A

At night and in the early morning.

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19
Q

What kind of cough is typically seen in asthma?

A

Nonproductive (dry) cough.

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20
Q

What is wheezing in asthma?

A

A high-pitched whistling sound caused by air moving through narrowed airways.

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21
Q

What does chest tightness in asthma indicate?

A

Constriction of the airway muscles and inflammation in the airways.

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22
Q

What is tachypnea in the context of asthma?

A

Abnormally rapid breathing due to difficulty getting enough air.

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23
Q

What is tachycardia in the context of asthma?

A

Abnormally fast heart rate, often a response to low oxygen levels or respiratory distress.

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24
Q

Front

A

Back

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25
What is allergic asthma caused by?
Known allergens such as dust, animals, or food.
26
Fill in the blank: __________ asthma is not related to a specific allergen.
Idiopathic or Non-Allergic
27
True or False: Allergic asthma is not triggered by allergens.
False
28
True or False: Non-allergic asthma is also known as idiopathic asthma.
True
29
Name three common environmental triggers for asthma.
Dust, air pollution, and tobacco smoke.
30
What type of smoke is a common asthma trigger?
Tobacco smoke.
31
How do occupational irritants affect asthma?
They can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms.
32
Which animals can trigger allergic asthma?
Animals with fur.
33
What seasonal element is a common asthma trigger?
Pollen.
34
Can respiratory infections trigger asthma attacks?
Yes, especially viral infections.
35
Are chemical irritants like perfumes asthma triggers?
Yes, they are common triggers.
36
Can strong emotions trigger asthma symptoms?
Yes, strong emotional expressions can trigger symptoms.
37
Name two drugs that may trigger asthma.
Aspirin and beta blockers.
38
Fill in the blank: __________ is a physical activity that can trigger asthma.
Exercise
39
True or False: Pollen is not an asthma trigger.
False
40
True or False: Exercise can induce asthma symptoms in some individuals.
True
41
True or False: Only outdoor pollutants can trigger asthma.
False
42
Front
Back
43
What are the three main components of long-term asthma management?
Education, Environmental Control, and Medications.
44
Fill in the blank: Long-term asthma management includes education, environmental control, and __________.
Medications
45
True or False: Long-term asthma management does not include education.
False
46
What aspects should be included in a complete asthma assessment?
Family, environmental, and occupational history.
47
Why is it important to assess seasonal changes in asthma patients?
To identify potential allergen triggers.
48
What occupational factors should nurses assess in asthma patients?
Exposure to chemicals, plastics, animal and insect dusts, and secretions.
49
True or False: Nurses should ignore occupation-related exposures in asthma assessments.
False
50
What can sputum and blood tests indicate in asthma?
They can help confirm inflammation or infection and assess for allergies.
51
What does an elevated serum immunoglobulin E level indicate?
Presence of an allergic response.
52
How can arterial blood gases and pulse oximetry help in asthma diagnosis?
They reveal hypoxemia during acute attacks.
53
True or False: Pulse oximetry is used to measure blood pressure in asthma patients.
False
54
Fill in the blank: Elevated __________ levels may suggest an allergic component in asthma.
immunoglobulin E
55
True or False: A nurse should only administer medications, not monitor the patient's response.
False
56
What should a nurse do if the patient is dehydrated?
Provide fluids
57
Fill in the blank: If the patient requires ________ due to acute respiratory failure, the nurse should assist with the procedure.
Intubation
58
What should the nurse do after intubation?
Continue close monitoring of the patient
59
True or False: It's not necessary to inform the patient’s family about procedures.
False
60
Name three common triggers that asthma patients should avoid.
House dust mites, pets, smoke (also acceptable: high pollen)
61
Fill in the blank: Patients should be taught the proper ________ technique.
Inhalation
62
What device should patients learn to use properly for medication delivery?
Nebulizer
63
True or False: Bed rest may be part of nursing management for respiratory conditions.
True
64
Name one bronchodilator used in respiratory management.
Nebulizer or minophylline
65
Fill in the blank: Medications like ________ are used to reduce airway inflammation.
Corticosteroids
66
What two environmental therapies can help in respiratory care?
Warm fluids and humidity
67
Fill in the blank: Ineffective airway clearance is related to ________.
Bronchospasm
68
True or False: Anxiety can be related to the disease in patients with respiratory conditions.
True
69
What is a potential nursing diagnosis regarding infection?
High risk for infection transmission
70
Fill in the blank: High risk for non-compliance with ________.
Therapeutic regimen
71
What should a nurse do to evaluate airway sounds?
Auscultate breath sounds
72
Which vital sign should be monitored to assess respiratory function?
Respiratory rate
73
What symptom indicates breathing difficulty?
Dyspnea
74
What position may help promote comfort in a patient with respiratory issues?
Semi-sitting
75
True or False: Environmental pollution should be encouraged for better air quality.
False
76
Name a breathing technique that can help clear the airway.
Abdominal or pursed-lip breathing
77
Why should a nurse observe cough characteristics?
To evaluate effectiveness and nature of airway clearance
78
Fill in the blank: Increase fluid intake to ______ ml/day within cardiac tolerance.
3000

ADULTS BY (OMAR LAS3AD X AMR ABDELHAMID) (8 decks)

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