Respiratory teach - anatomy

Question 1

which ribs are floating?

Answer 1

11 and 12

Question 2

which ribs are false?

Answer 2

8-12

Question 3

which ribs are true?

Answer 3

1-7

Question 4

what are the different types of ribs?

Answer 4

true
false
floating

Question 5

what is found at the base of the sternum?

Answer 5

xiphoid process

Question 6

which ribs are least likely to fracture?

Answer 6

1 and 2 due to clavicle covering them

Question 7

sternal angle

Answer 7

angle of louis

Question 8

what does a rib fracture in a child suggest?

Answer 8

child abuse

Question 9

mid-clavicular inferior border of lungs

Answer 9

6th rib

Question 10

mid-clavicular inferior border of pleura

Answer 10

8th rib

Question 11

mid-axillary inferior border of lungs

Answer 11

8th rib

Question 12

mid-axillary inferior border of pleura

Answer 12

10th rib

Question 13

mid-scapular inferior border of lungs

Answer 13

10th rib

Question 14

mid-scapular inferior border of pleura

Answer 14

12th rib

Question 15

what is the innervation of visceral pleura?

Answer 15

autonomic

Question 16

what is the innervation of parietal pleura?

Answer 16

somatic

Question 17

what are the layers of the pleura?

Answer 17

visceral

parietal

Question 18

how many lobes does the right lung have?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

how many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

what are the names of the right lung lobes?

Answer 20

superior
middle
inferior

Question 21

what are the names of the left lung lobes?

Answer 21

superior, has a lingual portion for heart, which sits in cardiac notch
inferior

Question 22

what are the fissures of the right lung?

Answer 22

horizontal

oblique

Question 23

what are the fissures of the left lung?

Answer 23

oblique fissure

Question 24

what does the horizontal fissure separate?

Answer 24

superior and middle lobes of right lung

Question 25

what does the right oblique fissure separate?

Answer 25

middle and inferior lobes of right lung

Question 26

what does the left oblique fissure separate?

Answer 26

superior (lingual portion) and inferior lobes of left lung

Question 27

where is the trachea?

Answer 27

extends from C6-T5

Question 28

where does the trachea bifurcate?

Answer 28

bifurcates into bronchi at sternal angle - carina

Question 29

left side of bronchial tree

Answer 29

``` left primary bronchus 2 secondary/ lobar bronchi tertiary/ segmental bronchi smaller bronchi bronchioles terminal bronchiole respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct - alveolus alveolar sac - alveolus ```

Question 30

right side of bronchial tree

Answer 30

``` right primary bronchus 3 secondary/ lobar bronchi tertiary/ segmental bronchi smaller bronchi bronchioles terminal bronchiole respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct - alveolus alveolar sac - alveolus ```

Question 31

epithelium of trachea

Answer 31

pseudostratified ciliated columnar goblet cells contains C-shaped rings of cartilage

Question 32

epithelium of main bronchi

Answer 32

pseudostratified ciliated columnar goblet cells contain C-shaped rings of cartilage

Question 33

epithelium of lobar bronchi

Answer 33

pseudostratified ciliated columnar goblet cells contain plates of cartilage

Question 34

epithelium of segmental bronchi

Answer 34

pseudostratified ciliated columnar goblet cells contain plates of cartilage

Question 35

epithelium of larger bronchioles

Answer 35

ciliated simple columnar goblet cells contain more smooth muscle than in bronchi

Question 36

epithelium of smaller bronchioles

Answer 36

ciliated simple columnar no goblet cells contain more smooth muscle than in the larger bronchioles

Question 37

epithelium of terminal bronchioles

Answer 37

nonciliated simple columnar | contain more smooth muscle than in smaller bronchioles

Question 38

respiratory bronchioles

Answer 38

simple cuboidal/ simple squamous no cilia or goblet cells gas exchange occurs here

Question 39

alveolar ducts

Answer 39

simple squamous no cilia or goblet cells gas exchange and production of surfactant occurs here

Question 40

alveoli

Answer 40

simple squamous but no cilia or goblet cells | gas exchange and production of surfactant occurs here

Question 41

what makes up the bronchi?

Answer 41

``` main bronchi lobar bronchi segmental bronchi larger bronchioles smaller bronchioles terminal bronchioles ```

Question 42

what makes up the lungs?

Answer 42

respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts and sacs alveoli pleura

Question 43

what cells are found in the alveoli?

Answer 43

type 1 and 2 alveolar cells macrophages/ club cells fibroblasts

Question 44

what do type 1 alveolar cells do?

Answer 44

make up wall of alveoli

Question 45

what do type 2 alveolar cells do?

Answer 45

produce surfactant

Question 46

what do club cells do?

Answer 46

macrophages | immune cells of alveoli

Question 47

what do fibroblasts do?

Answer 47

maintain connective tissue of alveoli

Question 48

what is surfactant?

Answer 48

lipoprotein found between H2O molecules in alveoli

Question 49

what does surfactant do?

Answer 49

increases compliance by reducing surface tension

Question 50

what causes infant respiratory distress syndrome?

Answer 50

deficiency of surfactant

Question 51

what happens when there is a deficiency of surfactant?

Answer 51

infant respiratory distress syndrome

Question 52

what are the functions of the larynx?

Answer 52

phonation cough reflex protection

Question 53

what are the types of cartilage in the larynx?

Answer 53

paired | unpaired

Question 54

paired laryngeal cartilage

Answer 54

arytenoid corniculate cuneiform

Question 55

unpaired laryngeal cartilage

Answer 55

thyroid cricoid epiglottis

Question 56

what are the types of muscles in the larynx?

Answer 56

intrinsic | extrinsic

Question 57

intrinsic muscles of larynx

Answer 57

``` cricothyroid thyroarytenoid posterior cricoarytenoid lateral cricoarytenoid transverse/ oblique arytenoid muscles ```

Question 58

extrinsic muscles of larynx

Answer 58

suprahyoid stylopharyngeus infrahyoid

Question 59

innervation of larynx

Answer 59

recurrent laryngeal nerve | Superior laryngeal nerve

Question 60

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervate?

Answer 60

sensory to infraglottis and intrinsic muscles except cricothyroid

Question 61

what does the superior laryngeal nerve innervate?

Answer 61

sensory to supraglottis and cricothyroid muscle

Question 62

blood supply to larynx

Answer 62

superior and inferior laryngeal arteries | superior and inferior laryngeal veins

Question 63

vocal cords

Answer 63

vestibular folds - false vocal cords protect vocal folds | vocal folds allow speech

Question 64

what are the sections of the pharynx?

Answer 64

nasopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx

Question 65

what are the muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 65

superior middle inferior constrictors

Question 66

what is the innervation of the pharynx?

Answer 66

sensory - cranial nerve 9 (glossopharyngeal) | motor - cranial nerve 10 (vagus)