REVIEW TEST 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
Key Principles of Bureaucracy
A
- Division of Labour
- Hierachy of Authority
- Formal Rules and Procedures
- Impersonality
- Career Systems
2
Q
Negatives of Bureaucracy
A
- high degree of forward planning
- some cases unique and fall outside the rules
- impersonal, no compassion
- no control over lobs = less job satisfaction
3
Q
Positives of Bureaucracy
A
- formal rules ensure honesty
- for standard work it enables quick throughput
- no whims
4
Q
Key Principles of Scientific Management
A
- Replace working by “rule of thumb” and use scientific method to study work and determine most efficient way to perform specific tasks
- Match workers to jobs based on capability and performance
- Monitor worker performance
- Management clearly separate from workers
5
Q
Negatives of Scientific Management
A
- relatively, workers are less well off
- specialised tasks mean repetitive work
- not applicable to complex jobs
- loss of skilled work
- no creative influence by workers = lower job satisfaction
6
Q
Positives of Scientific Management
A
- higher wages (at first) = production increase
- lower costs in production = lower prices for consumers
- use of unskilled workers
7
Q
Negatives of Human Relations Movement
A
- managers need to be socially, as well as technically skilled
- relationship between considerate leadership and production is doubtful
- no leadership
- based on the idea of a positive human nature
8
Q
Positives of Human Relations Movement
A
- job satisfaction
- possibility to be creative
- control over job
9
Q
Negatives of Cultural Approaches
A
- individuals can ‘forget’ their own values
- requires able managers to start group feeling
- requires able managers to lead groups
10
Q
Positives of Cultural Approaches
A
- very strong motivation is achievable
- people generally want to belong to a group
11
Q
Advantages of Project Manager Agent
A
- increased representation for owner
- independent evaluation
- increased constructability
- increased value engineering
12
Q
Disadvantages of Project Manager Agent
A
- PM assumes no risk - owner holds contracts
- PM agency does not guarantee cost
- PM licencing not available
- high owner/PM involvement
13
Q
Advantages of Design-Build
A
- sole source of responsibility
- reduction of project duration
- high constructability
- claims reduction
- non-adverserial relationship
- react rapidly to scope changes
14
Q
Disadvantages of Design-Build
A
- fewer checks and balances
- reduced owner involvement
- difficulty of selection
- large staff
- additional risk
- scope changes difficult to track
15
Q
Advantages of Design - Bid - Build
A
- historically accepted
- price fixed before construction
- owner involvement low
- contractor taes risk for construction
16
Q
Disadvantages of Design - Bid - Build
A
- long delivery time
- no constructability advice during design
- can be adverserial relationship
- leads to change orders
- low bid does not always = lowest final cost
- low margins
- high risk for unforseen circumstances
17
Q
Blanchards Situational Leadership
A
- Directing - Beginner
- Coaching - Learner
3 Supporting - Contributer - Delegating - Achiever
18
Q
Mazlow’s Hierachy of Needs
A
- Self Actualisation
- Esteem
- Social
- Safety
- Physiological
19
Q
ERG Theory
A
Individual drive from:
- Existence Needs
- Relatedness
- Growth Needs
20
Q
Changing percieved inequity
A
- change money
- change input
- leave…
- change comparison to others
- explain reason for difference
21
Q
Porters 5 Forces Model
A
Potential Entrants Buyers Substitutes Suppliers Industry Competitors
22
Q
Six Major forces of barrier to entry
A
- Economies of scale
- Product Differentiation
- Capital Requirements
- Cost disadvantages independent of size
- Access to distribution channels
- Government Policy
23
Q
Supplier group powerful if
A
- dominated by a few companies
- product unique or differentiated
- not obliged to contend with other products
- poses a credible threat of integrating forward into industry’s business
- industry is not an important customer of the supplier
24
Q
Buyer group powerful if
A
- it is concentrated, or purchases large volumes
- purchases standard or undifferentiated products
- product purchased is a significant component of its product
- earns low profits (great incentive to lower purchasing costs)
- industry’s product unimportant to quality of buyers product
- industrys product does not save the buyer money
- buyers pose a credible threat of integrating backwards
25
Consumers more price sensitive if they are purchasing products that are
- undifferentiated
- expensive relative to their incomes
- of a sort where quality is not important
26
Three rules of contract
- read the contract
- do what the contract tells you to do
- do not do what the contract tells you not to do
27
Elements of a Contract
- offer
- acceptance
- intention to be bound
- capacity
- reality of consent
- legality
28
Reality of Consent
- Mistake
- Misrepresentation
- Duress
29
Responsive tenders
all terms in the solicitation are met satisfactorily
- forms filled out correctly
- authorised signatories
- submitted as directed on time ad at correct location
30
Responsible tenders
meet requirements to submit offer
31
How to manipulate to win a tender
- cannot affect perceived quality - instead focus on Tangible Cost Adjustment
- what do you have that you can do cheaply, that no other combination can do without great expense
32
PBMC
price based maintenance contracting
33
Advantages of PBMC
- reduction in costs
- improved level of service
- risk transfer to contractor
- innovation
- integrated services
- enhanced asset management
- achieving economies of scale
- partnering potential
34
Disadvantages of PBMC
- costly tendering
- longer tendering period
- uncertainty with long-term contracting relationships
- loss of agency flexibility
- reduction in competition
35
ECI
Early Contractor Involvement
36
Advantages of ECI
- tendering process less intensive and costly
- earlier procurement of materials
- team approach, experience harnassed early
- shortened delivery time
- increased opportunity for innovation
- better integration of construction methods
- fewer variations during construction
37
Disadvantages of ECI
- additional costs through 'optioneering' by contractor and designer ideas
- need for involvement of independent cost estimators
