What are the primary parts of the vertebral end of a typical rib?
- head
- neck
- tubercle
What features may be identified on the head of a typical rib?
two articular surfaces and the interarticular crest
What joint is formed between the head of the rib and the vertebral body of a thoracic?
the costocentral joint
What is the classification of the costocentral joint?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
What attaches to the interarticular crest of the rib?
the interarticular lig
What are the attachment sites for the interarticular lig?
the interarticular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc
What is the classification of the joint formed by the interarticular lig?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What features may be identified on the neck of a typical rib?
crest of the rib
What attaches to the crest of the neck of the rib?
the superior costotransverse lig
What attaches beneath the crest of the neck of the rib?
the inferior costotransverse lig
What features may be identified on the tubercle of a typical rib?
the articular surface of the tubercle and the non-articular surface of the tubercle
What joints with the articular surface of the tubercle of the rib?
the transverse costal facet of a thoracic transverse tubercle
What is the name of the joint formed by the articular surface of the tubercle and the transverse costal facet?
the costotransverse joint
What is the classification of the costotransverse joint?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
What attaches to the non-articular surface of the tubercle of a rib?
the lateral costotransverse ligament
What are the attachment sites for the lateral costotransverse lig?
the thoracic transverse tubercle and the non-articular surface of the rib
What is the classification of the joint formed by the lateral costotransverse lig?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What features may be identified on the body of a typical rib?
- costal angle
- costal groove
What is the costal angle of a rib?
the location on the body of the rib where there is a directional change toward the sternum
What attaches to the costal angle of a rib?
the iliocostalis muscle and thoracolumbar aponeurosis/fascia
What is the costal groove of a rib?
the linear depression on the internal and inferior surface of the body
What is present in the costal groove of a rib?
the intercostal artery, vein, and nerve
What is present at the sternal end of a rib?
costal cartilage
What is present on the head of the first rib?
a single articular surface
What is lacking at the head of the first rib?
the interarticular crest
Is there a crest on the neck of the first rib?
not a well-developed one like on the typical rib
What is unique about the body of the first rib?
the body of the first rib is flattened and has a scalene tubercle flanked by the groove for the subclavian artery and the groove for the subclavian vein
What attaches to the scalene tubercle of the first rib?
anterior scalene muscle
Which groove on the body of the first rib is close to the vertebral end?
the groove for the subclavian artery and the first thoracic nerve
Which groove on the body of the first rib is closer to the sternal end?
the groove for the subclavian vein
Is either the costal angle or costal groove apparent on the first rib?
neither
What will the articular surfaces on the head of the second rib joint with?
the vertebral body demifacets on T1 and T2
What does the superior articular surface on the head of the second rib joint with?
the inferior costal demifacet of T1
What does the inferior articular surface on the head of the second rib joint with?
the superior costal demifacet of T2
What does the interarticular lig of the head of the second rib joint with?
the interarticular crest on the head of the second rib and the intervertebral disc between T1 and T2
What specifically will attach to the crest of the neck of the second rib?
the superior costotransverse lig from the transverse process of T1
What specifically attaches to the back of the neck of the second rib?
the inferior costotransverse lig from the transverse process of T2
What specifically will the articular surface of the tubercle of the second rib joint with?
the transverse costal facet of the transverse process of T2
What specifically attaches to the non-articular surface of the tubercle of the second rib?
the lateral costotransverse lig from the transverse tubercle of T2
For each lig attaching to the second rib, identify the vertebral attachment location.
- capsular costocentral lig: vertebral bodies and intervertebral disc T1/T2
- interarticular lig: intervertebral disc T1/T2
- capsular costotransverse lig: transverse tubercle, T2
- superior costotransverse lig: transverse process, T1
- inferior costotransverse lig: transverse process, T2
- lateral costotransverse lig: transverse tubercle, T2
What unique feature is present on the body of the second rib?
the tuberosity for the serratus anterior
Is the costal angle and costal groove present on the second rib?
yes
How is the vertebral end of ribs 10, 11, and 12 similar to that of the first rib?
all have a single articular surface on the head for the costocentral joint
What features are identified on the body of rib 10?
costal angle and costal groove
What distinguishes the vertebral end of rib 11 from typical ribs?
- the single articular surface
- absence of a well-developed crest on the neck
- tubercle may be absent or if present, consists only of a non-articular surface
What features may be present on the body of the 11th rib?
costal angle and costal groove are under-developed
What is the appearance of the sternal end of the 11th rib?
it is somewhat pointed
What helps to distinguish the vertebral end of the 12th rib from other ribs?
- head has a single articular surface
- crest of the neck is poorly developed
- tubercle is absent
What is the condition of the body of rib 12?
- the costal angle and costal groove are absent
- shortest of all ribs
What is the appearance of the sternal end of the 12th rib?
it is pointed