Role And Function Of RT

Question 1

What can cancer be exacerbated?

Answer 1

Smoking alcohol radiation genes

Question 2

Can cannabais be useful for cancer treatment?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Where do tumours spread via?

Answer 3

Lymphatic and blood drainage

Produces multiple growths that can stop tissue

Question 4

What is systematic treatment?

Answer 4

Chemotherapy that goes throughout the body

Question 5

Why is surgery used for treatment of cancer?

Answer 5

To remove structure to avoid compression of vital organs

Question 6

What are some different treatments for cancer?

Answer 6

Surgery chemotherapy immunotherapy

Question 7

What is the aim of radiotherapy?

Answer 7

To kill tumour cells before they spread systematically

Reduce size of tumour and to help symptoms

Question 8

How does hormonal therapy work?

Answer 8

Manipulate growth factors for tumours

Androgen for males

Question 9

How does immunotherapy work?

Answer 9

Insertion of antibodies

Question 10

What is palliative radiotherapy?

Answer 10

Improve quality of life not necessarily quantity

Question 11

Is metastatic disease curable?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Does palliative treatment involve lower doses to larger volumes of tissue?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

How does radiotherapy work?

Answer 13

Ionisation damages DNA or ionises into more damaging chemicals eg radicals

Question 14

Can normal cells recover from DNA damage?

Answer 14

Yes

But cancerous cells can’t when they try to replicate they die

Question 15

How was cancer treated in the 1800s?

Answer 15

Radioactive sources were held next to the tumours

Had severe side effects

Question 16

How is radiotherapy produced?

Answer 16

By a linear accelerator

More acceleration more energy

Question 17

What is 4Mev energy used for?

Answer 17

Head and neck treatment

Question 18

What is 6mv energy used for?

Answer 18

Thorax

Question 19

What is 10Mv or 18Mv energy used for?

Answer 19

Pelvis

Question 20

What is kilovoltage energy used for?

Answer 20

Superficial and skin tumours

Question 21

What is mega voltage therapy?

Answer 21

Produce High energy x-rays cannot rotate 360 degrees due to cables

Question 22

What is brachytherapy?

Answer 22

Positioning radioactive sources near a tumour through cavities or openings in the body

Question 23

Does brachytherapy give less dose to surrounding tissues?

Answer 23

Yes more targeted

Question 24

What is tomotherapy?

Answer 24

Can be really accurate
High dose gradients can take longer
Is radiation therapy slice by slice which is a form of IMRT

Question 25

What is IMRT

Answer 25

Where Mlcs shape the beam and you have different dose gradients

Question 26

What do radiation therapists do?

Answer 26

``` Plan deliver RT Safety and accuracy Support and care Education and research Advocate for patient ```

Question 27

What is the patient pathway: prescription?

Answer 27

Referral for RT - Radiation oncologists decide optimal treatment prescribes dose energy and timing of course - Patient is booked for imaging

Question 28

What is the patient pathway: localisation?

Answer 28

Receive a CT | Images identify tumour and any critical structures

Question 29

Patient pathway:planning?

Answer 29

Used special software to illustrate the distribution of dose

Question 30

What is treatment chosen based on?

Answer 30

Tumour control and normal tissue damage

Question 31

What is treatment planning used for?

Answer 31

Decide how to direct radiation to the tumour Ensure normal tissues don't receive too much dose Ensure critical structures are safe

Question 32

What is PET?

Answer 32

Inject a radioactive dye and will go through PET scanner and will give off high traces of metastatic spread

Question 33

What is the patient pathway of treatment?

Answer 33

Explain process and potential side effect | Position patient correctly go to mm

Question 34

What is an ITV

Answer 34

Internal target volume

Question 35

Typical treatment times?

Answer 35

10-15 mins for 5-8 wks

Question 36

Side effects of radiation therapy?

Answer 36

``` Erythema Temporary hair loss Diarrhoea Nausea Frequency of urination ```

Question 37

Epilation depends on what?

Answer 37

The location if treating prostate it will not but brain treatment yes

Question 38

Can you wash the treatment area?

Answer 38

Yes you can bath it no soap aqueous cream preferred

Question 39

Can a patient emit radiation?

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

What is the aim of radical radiotherapy?

Answer 40

To cure the patient

Question 41

What does radical radiotherapy involve

Answer 41

High doses to relatively small volumes of tissue | Requires complex planning and techniques

Question 42

Is radical radiotherapy used in conjunction with other treatments?

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

For testicular cancer what gy is generally used?

Answer 43

25 gy

Question 44

What gy does the CSI generally receive?

Answer 44

30Gy

Question 45

Breast cancer is a combination of what treatments?

Answer 45

Surgery, Chemotherapy and RT

Question 46

Larynx is it generally treated alone>

Answer 46

Yes