Roots

Question 1

Two types of germination:

Answer 1

Epigeal and Hypogeal Germination

Question 2

4 main functions of roots

Answer 2

Anchoring
Absorbing
Producing Hormones
Storing Organic Nutrients

Question 3

Three types of root systems:

Answer 3

Fibrous, Taproot system and Adventitious roots

Question 4

What type of root system do dicots usually have?

Answer 4

Taproot system

Question 5

What kind of roots emerge from the main taproot?

Answer 5

Lateral roots or branches

Question 6

Arise from stems or leaves

Answer 6

Adventitious roots

Question 7

Function of storage roots

Answer 7

stores carbohydrates

Question 8

Storage root examples

Answer 8

Carrots, cassava, kamote, radish

Question 9

Prop roots are modified what? Function?

Answer 9

Adventitious roots, mechanical support/stabilizer

Question 10

Where are pneumatophores usually located

Answer 10

Mangroves

Question 11

Where are pneumatophores usually located

Answer 11

Mangroves

Question 12

Modified aerial roots that function for architectural support

Answer 12

Buttress roots

Question 13

Root nodules contain ___ that ___

Answer 13

Bacteria, facilitate nitrogen fixation for the plant

Question 14

Where are actively dividing meristems located in the root?

Answer 14

Zone of division

Question 15

Where growth and length occur

Answer 15

Root tip

Question 16

Protects the root apical meristems from damage

Answer 16

Root cap

Question 17

Above the RAM is the

Answer 17

Zone of elongation

Question 18

Where are root hairs located

Answer 18

Zone of maturation/differentiation

Question 19

Are cells in the zone of elongation differentiated?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

The apical meristem gives rise to the

Answer 20

Three primary meristems: Protoderm, Ground meristem, Procambium

Question 21

The xylem is composed of what type of cells

Answer 21

Sclerenchyma cells

Question 22

The innermost layer of the cortex

Answer 22

Endodermis

Question 23

In roots, the stele is arranged in a

Answer 23

Vascular cylinder

Question 24

The endodermis is still part of the ___

Answer 24

Cortex

Question 25

Surrounds the vascular cylinder of the root

Answer 25

Pericycle

Question 26

Why are Xylem walls thick?

Answer 26

Because they have secondary walls (sclerenchyma cells)

Question 27

Phloems have

Answer 27

Sieve tubes and companion cells

Question 28

Direction of Xylem differentiation

Answer 28

Exarch

Question 29

Monocots have a core of

Answer 29

Parenchyma cells

Question 30

Monocots usually have many protoxylem poles

Answer 30

True

Question 31

The core of parenchyma cells in monocots is called the

Answer 31

Pith

Question 32

The endodermis forms a boundary with the

Answer 32

vascular cylinder

Question 33

Route going through the cell wall

Answer 33

Apoplastic route

Question 34

Lateral roots arise from

Answer 34

within the pericycle

Question 35

Lateral root vs root hair

Answer 35

Lateral roots are organs and arise from the pericycle

Question 36

Cork cambium, otherwise known as

Answer 36

Phellogen

Question 37

Periderm is composed of the

Answer 37

Phellem (Cork cells) Phellogen (Cork cambium) Phelloderm (Cork parenchyma)

Question 37

Periderm is composed of the

Answer 37

Phellem (Cork cells) Phellogen (Cork cambium) Phelloderm (Cork parenchyma)