Routine Hematology Tests

Question 1

Most common cause of inaccurate errors

Answer 1

Pre-analytical- Blood collection error

Question 2

Control samples are run to assure the reliability to of test results and can detect:
A) pre-analytical errors
B) wrong patient identification
C) analytical errors
D) a partially clotted EDTA sample

Answer 2

C) Analytical Errors

Question 3

(Ballpark) Normal White Count

Answer 3

4-11 K/uL

Question 4

(Ballpark) Normal HGB

Answer 4

12-17 g/dL

Question 5

(Ballpark) Normal Platelet Count

Answer 5

> 150 K/uL

Question 6

Control samples are run to assure the reliability of test results and can detect what?

Answer 6

Analytical errors

Question 7

You RBC is 5.0. What is your HGB and HCT%

Answer 7

5.0 x 3 = 15 HGB

15 x 3 = 45% HCT

Question 8

Luekopenia

Answer 8

Decreased WBC Count

-decreased production, increased use

Question 9

Lukocytosis

Answer 9

Increased WBC Count

-increased production, shift/psuedo

Question 10

WBC Count

Answer 10

total # of white blood cells; does NOT distinguish WBC types

varies by age

Question 11

RBC Count

Answer 11

total # of red blood cells

Question 12

Hemoglobin

Answer 12

photometric measurement of Hgb concentration in red cells

Question 13

RBC Indices: MCH

Answer 13

Mean Cell Hemoglobin
varies with RBC size and Hgb content
parallels changes in MCV

Question 14

RBC Indices: MCHC

Answer 14

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

average Hgb concentration per RBC (hypo chromic or normochromic)

Question 15

RBC Indices: RDW

Answer 15

Red Cell Distribution Width
index of RBC size variation
low (10-14%): uniform RBC size, homogenous
high (>14%): variation in RBC size, ANSIOCYTOSIS, heterogeneous

Question 16

T/F Lymphocytes are the most common in adults and neutrophils are the most common in children.

Answer 16

False. Neutrophils - adults; Lymphocytes - children

Question 17

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 17

decreased platelet count

-decreased production, increased use/destruction

Question 18

Thrombocytosis

Answer 18

increased platelet count

-increased production, post-splenectomy

Question 19

Differentials include

Answer 19

WBC differential that classifies WBC type
Cell morphology (blood smear)

Question 20

Reticulocyte Count

Answer 20

measures rate of RBC production by the pone

retics appear as polychromasia

Question 21

Reticulocytopenia

Answer 21

decreased absolute Retic count

-decreased RBC production

Question 22

Reticulocytosis

Answer 22

increased absolute Retic count

• increased RBC production (increased EPO)
• good indicator for hemolytic anemias

Question 23

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Answer 23

rate red cells settle as blood stands in a tube

• under normal conditions, red cells do not form rouleaux and fall slowly
• fibrinogen most often responsible for increased ESR

Question 24

Increased/Abnormal ESR:

Answer 24

Acute and chronic infections
Chronic inflammatory disorders
Malignancies
Tissue Necrosis
Anemia of chronic disease

Question 25

NORMAL REFERENCE RANGES VALUES VARY, ESTABLISHED BY INSTITUTION 1) WBC Adult 2) Newborn 3) Children (1-10y) 4) (10-20y)

Answer 25

1) 4.0-11.0 x 103/uL or K/uL or K/cmm 2) 9.0-30.0 x 103/uL 3) (1-10y) 6.0-17.0 x 103/uL 4) 4.5-13.5 x 103/uL

Question 26

A patient’s RBC count is 5.00 million/cmm with red cells that are normal in size and hemoglobin content. When estimated, the approximate hemoglobin and hematocrit values would be: a. HGB 12.0 g/dl and HCT 36.0 % b. HGB 13.0 g/dl and HCT 39.0 % c. HGB 15.0 g/dl and HCT 45.0 %

Answer 26

c

Question 27

``` Which of the following lab values obtained on an adult male would be described or classified as a microcytic anemia? a. HGB 9.0 g/dl and MCV 62.2 fl b. HGB 10.5 g/dl and MCV 120.0 fl c. HGB 7.2 g/dl and MCV 90.2 fl d. HGB 14.5 g/dl and MCV 75.5 fl ```

Answer 27

a

Question 28

Which of the following statements is correct? a. A high RDW value indicates uniform RBC size and a homogeneous population of red cells. b. A low RDW value indicates “anisocytosis” due to wide variations in RBC size and a heterogeneous population of red cells. c. A normal MCV value (82.0 to 98.0 fl) may be erroneous when the RDW value is over 22.0 %.

Answer 28

c

Question 29

TRUE or FALSE. "Poikilocytosis" refers to rigid or damaged red cells that deviate from the normal, deformable RBC shape, e.g. schistocytes which suggest RBC destruction.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Which of these WBC differential results are considered normal findings in an adult? a. 60% lymphocytes b. 3% blasts c. 55% neutrophils d. 1 nucleated red cell per diff

Answer 30

c

Question 31

7. Which of the following is an expected ESR result for an adult female recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis? a. An abnormally increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) due to elevated levels of positive acute phase reactants such as fibrinogen. b. A normal or decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) due to depletion of complement in the inflammatory process. c. Unable to predict the ESR value in this situation due to interference by rheumatoid factor.

Answer 31

a