S1 - Energy and Climate Change (complete)

Question 1

Fossilised remains of dead animals and plants, which are used as fuels

Answer 1

Fossil fuels

Question 2

Name the three types of fossil fuels

Answer 2

Coal, oil, natural gas

Question 3

Formation of coal:

_________ die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Answer 3

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Question 4

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by ____________________.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Answer 4

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Question 5

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over _______________, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Answer 5

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Question 6

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high _____________ turns the plants into coal.

Answer 6

Formation of coal:

Plants die and get covered by layers of sand and mud.

Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure turns the plants into coal.

Question 7

Coal was formed from dead plants in swamps.

What about oil and gas?

Answer 7

Oil and gas were formed from dead plants and animals under oceans.

Question 8

Fuel

Answer 8

A substance which can be burned to release energy.

Question 9

Another word for burning

Answer 9

Combustion

Question 10

The release of energy from food. Happens in cells.

Answer 10

Respiration

Question 11

Renewable fuels

Answer 11

Fuels which can be replenished (replaced) naturally and will never run out.

Question 12

Non-renewable

Answer 12

Fuels or other resources which cannot be replaced once used up.

Question 13

A type of fan which is turned by water, wind or steam. It is connected to a generator.

Answer 13

Turbine

Question 14

Turns to produce electricity

Answer 14

Generator

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Wind power

Answer 18

Turbines are turned by the wind, generating electricity

Question 19

Solar power

Answer 19

Energy from the sun is captured using solar panels, and is converted into electricity.

Question 20

Hydroelectric power

Answer 20

Flowing water turns a turbine to generate electricity

Question 21

A fuel produced from living material, e.g. plants.

Answer 21

Biofuel

Question 22

Wave/tidal power - _______ is turned to electricity using a wave energy converter.

Answer 22

Wave/tidal power - movement of water is turned to electricity using a wave energy converter.

Question 23

Cold water is pumped down into the Earth, is heated and turned to steam.

Name this type of power.

Answer 23

Geothermal power

Question 24

Deforestation

Answer 24

Cutting down trees

Question 25

Pollution

Answer 25

A substance introduced into the environment which has **harmful effects**.

Question 26

Global warming

Answer 26

An **increase** in levels of **greenhouse gases** **traps** more **heat** and causes Earth’s **temperature** to **rise**.

Question 27

**Changes** caused to the **climate** by rising temperatures

Answer 27

Climate change

Question 28

Name a **negative effect** humans have on the planet:

Answer 28

Any **one** of: Deforestation Depletion of resources Pollution Farming Burning fossil fuels

Question 29

Greenhouse effect

Answer 29

The **sun’s energy** bounces off the earth and is **trapped** by **gases** in the atmosphere, **warming** the Earth

Question 30

Climate

Answer 30

**Average pattern of weather** for a particular region over time

Question 31

Weather

Answer 31

**Short term** changes in the atmosphere e.g. rain, wind, cloud

Question 32

Greenhouse gases

Answer 32

**Gases** in the **atmosphere** which are able to **trap heat** e.g. carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs

Question 33

Name **two** greenhouse gases

Answer 33

Any **two** of: Carbon dioxide Water vapour Methane Ozone Nitrous oxide CFCs

Question 34

Mass extinction

Answer 34

**Many species** become **extinct** at the **same time**, reducing biodiversity on Earth

Question 35

When something becomes **more acidic** – e.g. the ocean, as carbon dioxide dissolves in it.

Answer 35

Acidification

Question 36

**Movement** of large numbers of **animals** to **avoid** harsh conditions.

Answer 36

Migration

Question 37

Reliable data

Answer 37

**Accurate data** that has been **referenced** to an academic institution or an official organisation.

Question 38

Unreliable data

Answer 38

**Data** from an **unknown source** that has **not** been correctly **referenced**.

Question 39

Carbon footprint

Answer 39

How much **carbon dioxide** is **released** into the atmosphere.