S2 - Forces and Space (complete)

Question 1

Force

Answer 1

A push or a pull which can change an object’s speed, direction or shape.

Question 2

Newton meter / balance

Answer 2

Instrument for measuring forces

Question 3

Newton (N)

Answer 3

Unit forces are measured in

Question 4

Weight

Answer 4

Force produced by gravity

Question 5

Reaction

Answer 5

Force from a surface opposing gravity

Question 6

Traction

Answer 6

Force producing movement for an object on a surface (like the ground)

Question 7

Friction

Answer 7

Force between two surfaces opposing motion

e.g. between tyres and the ground

Question 8

Lift

Answer 8

Upwards force for a flying object

Question 9

Thrust

Answer 9

Force from a propeller or jet engine

Question 10

Drag

Answer 10

Force opposing motion for an object moving through a fluid (liquid or gas)

Question 11

Upthrust

Answer 11

Upwards force for a floating object, produced by buoyancy

Question 12

Fluid

Answer 12

Liquid or gas

Question 13

Streamlined

Answer 13

Smooth, curved, pointy shape designed to reduce drag

Question 14

Name this type of object

Large space object which is not large enough to make its own light

Answer 14

Planet

Question 15

Name this type of object

Large space object which makes its own light (e.g. the Sun)

Answer 15

Star

Question 16

Name this type of object

Large object, but smaller than a planet (e.g. Pluto)

Answer 16

Dwarf planet

Question 17

Name this type of object

Object smaller than a dwarf planet

Answer 17

Asteroid

Question 18

Name this type of object

Object smaller than an asteroid

Answer 18

Meteoroid

Question 19

Name this type of object

Small icy objects which display bright tails when close to a star

Answer 19

Comets

Question 20

Astronomical Unit (AU)

Answer 20

The distance from Earth to the Sun – 150 million km

Question 21

Light year

Answer 21

The distance light travels in a year – 9.5 million billion km

Question 22

A large gravitationally bound system of stars, numbering from 100 million to 100 trillion

Answer 22

Galaxy

Question 23

Exoplanet

Answer 23

A planet outside our own Solar System

Question 24

A force can change an object’s ________, _________ or__________.

Answer 24

speed, direction or shape

Question 25

**Name** this piece of equipment

Answer 25

**Newton meter** | (or Newton balance)

Question 26

**Forces** are measured in **units** called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 26

**newtons** (N)

Question 27

**Name** this force

Answer 27

Weight

Question 28

**Name** this force

Answer 28

Traction

Question 29

**Name** this force

Answer 29

Friction

Question 30

**Name** this force

Answer 30

Lift

Question 31

**Name** this force

Answer 31

Thrust

Question 32

**Name** this force

Answer 32

Drag

Question 33

**Name** this force

Answer 33

Upthrust

Question 34

# Name this type of shape **Smooth**, **curved**, **pointy** shape designed to **reduce drag**

Answer 34

Streamlined

Question 35

A planet **outside** our own Solar System

Answer 35

Exoplanet

Question 36

Habitable zone

Answer 36

A zone in which the **temperature** on a planet allows **liquid water** to exist.

Question 37

When is friction **useful**?

Answer 37

Grip for **shoes**/**tyres**, **brakes**, slows down **parachutes**, etc

Question 38

When is friction **problematic**?

Answer 38

**Slows down** machinery/cars, can cause **overheating**

Question 39

Ways to **reduce friction**

Answer 39

Rollers, ball bearings, lubrication (e.g. oil)

Question 40

The Earth **rotates on its axis** every \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. This is the length of one day and night cycle.

Answer 40

**24 hours**

Question 41

The Earth ____________________ every **24 hours**. This is the length of one day and night cycle.

Answer 41

**rotates on its axis**

Question 42

The length of **one year** is ___________ days. This is how long it takes the **Earth** to **orbit around the Sun**.

Answer 42

The length of **one year** is **365.25** days. This is how long it takes the **Earth** to **orbit around the Sun**.

Question 43

The length of **one year** is **365.25** days. This is how long it takes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 43

The length of one year is **365.25** days. This is how long it takes **the Earth to orbit around the Sun**.

Question 44

Why do we have **seasons**?

Answer 44

The Earth is **tilted** on its axis. When one **hemisphere** (side) of the Earth is **tilted towards** the Sun, it is **summer** in that hemisphere. When it is **tilted away from** the Sun, it is **winter**.

Question 45

List **all planets** in the Solar System starting with the one **closest** to the Sun.

Answer 45

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Question 46

**Unit** forces are measured in

Answer 46

Newton (N)