S1 Pathologies

Question 1

Emphysema:

Answer 1

Irreversible chronic lung condition
Lungs loose elasticity
Air not able to be expelled during expiration
“Deflated ballon appearance”

Question 2

Aspiration:

Answer 2

Foreign objects in the air passageway (bronchus)
Right bronchus most common due to shape

Question 3

Atelectasis:

Answer 3

Collapse of portion or all of lung due to obstruction or puncture

Question 4

Empyema:

Answer 4

Pus in the pleura space
Caused by chest wounds or obstructions

Question 5

Dsypnea:

Answer 5

Shortness of breath

Question 6

Hemothorax:

Answer 6

Blood in the pleura space

Question 7

Pleura effusion:

Answer 7

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleura space

Question 8

Pleurisy:

Answer 8

Inflammation of the pleura space

Question 9

Pneumonia:

Answer 9

Accumulation of fluid in CERTAIn SECTIONS of the lung
(Don’t get confused with pulmonary edema)

Question 10

Pneumothorax:

Answer 10

Accumulation of air in the pleura space

Question 11

Pulmonary edema:

Answer 11

Excess fluid in the lung

Question 12

Ascites:

Answer 12

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum cavity

Question 13

Pneumoperitoneum:

Answer 13

Free air or gas in the peritoneum cavity

Question 14

Crohn’s disease:

Answer 14

Inflammation of the intestinal wall
Results in bowl obstruction

Question 15

Intussusception:

Answer 15

Telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop
Creates an obstruction

Question 16

Volvulus:

Answer 16

Twisting of a loop in the intestine
Creates an obstruction

Question 17

Ileus non mechanical bowel obstruction:

Answer 17

Paralysis of ileus
Lack of intestinal mobility
Can cause obstruction

Question 18

Carpal tunnel syndrome:

Answer 18

Compression of median nerve of wrist
Painful disorder
Common in Middle Aged women

Question 19

Fracture:

Answer 19

Break in the structure of bone
By Force

Question 20

Barton’s fx:

Answer 20

Fx or dislocation of the posterior lip of the distal radius

Question 21

Bennett fx:

Answer 21

Fx to the base of the first metacarpal bone (thumb)

Question 22

Boxers fx:

Answer 22

Fx to the fifth metacarpal
Common from fights

Question 23

Colles fx:

Answer 23

Distal radius goes posterior
Radius and ulna go anterior

Question 24

Smiths fx:

Answer 24

Distal radius goes anteriorly
Radius and ulna go posteriorly

Question 25

Joint effusion:

Answer 25

Acclimated fluid in joint space

Question 26

Osteoarthritis:

Answer 26

Degenerative joint disease

Question 27

Osteomyelitis:

Answer 27

Infection of bone or bone marrow

Question 28

Osteopetrosis:

Answer 28

Hereditary disease of Abnormally dense bone

Question 29

Osteoporosis:

Answer 29

Reduction in the quantity of bone

Question 30

Skiers thumb:

Answer 30

Sprain or tear in the ligament of the thumb

Question 31

Idiopathic chronic adhesive capsulitis:

Answer 31

Frozen shoulder Limited motion due to possible calcification

Question 32

Shoulder dislocation:

Answer 32

Traumatic removal of humeral head from glenoid cavity

Question 33

Hill-sachs defect:

Answer 33

Compression fx of the humeral head

Question 34

Pulmonary embolism:

Answer 34

Sudden blockage of artery in lung