S3_L3: Popliteal, Leg, and Ankle Region

Question 1

The following is true about the menisci of the knee, EXCEPT:

A. Shock absorber when weight-bearing
B. Coronary ligament attach both
menisci to the top of the knee
C. Lateral meniscus is more freely movable
than medial
D. Medial meniscus is circular and broader
E. None

Answer 1

D. Medial meniscus is circular and broader

NOTE: It is C-shaped

Question 2

The following is true about the popliteal artery, EXCEPT:

A. major blood supply to leg and foot
B. branch of the femoral artery
C. divides into two at the superficial region of the posterior compartment
D. ends at the anterior and posterior tibial
arteries
E. None

Answer 2

C. divides into two at the superficial region of the posterior compartment

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE: The Pes Anserine bursitis is aggravated when there is pronation and valgus stress to the knee. In this conditon, there is more pressure laterally.

A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

Answer 3

C. Only the 1st statement is true

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: Rupture of Tendon Calcaneus is common in 50-65 y/o. It frequently occurs in tennis players.

A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

Answer 4

D. Only the 2nd statement is true

Question 5

Determine the following bursitis to its corresponding description.

1. carpet layer’s knee
2. priest’s knee
3. clergyman’s knee
4. injury by kneeling on the patella itself
5. irritation at the tibial tuberosity

A. Prepatellar bursitis
B. Infrapatellar bursitis
C. Both
D. Neither

Answer 5

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B

Question 6

This is the biggest bursa in the posterior of the knee

Answer 6

semimembranosus bursa

Question 7

The biggest bursa in the whole knee is?

Answer 7

prepatellar bursa

Question 8

In Genu valgum/tibia valgus, the tibia is diverted _____.

Answer 8

laterally

Question 9

This muscle is responsible for unlocking the knee

Answer 9

Popliteus

Question 10

This is the counterpart of cubital fossa in elbow

Answer 10

Popliteal fossa

Question 11

Triceps surae is comprised of which muscles?

Answer 11

soleus and gastrocnemius

Question 12

Foot pronation means that the foot is in (1)____, (2)____, and (3)_____.

Answer 12

1. eversion
2. abduction
3. dorsiflexion

Question 13

What is the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprain?

Answer 13

anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

Question 14

The Midtarsal joint is called (1)____ and this is where (2)____ and (3)____ movements happen.

Answer 14

1. surgeon’s (chopart’s) tarsal joint.
2. eversion
3. inversion

Question 15

This ligament is part of the central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Answer 15

Patellar ligament (ligamentum patellae)

Question 16

The popliteal fossa is a (1)____ shaped (2)____ at the posterior aspect of the knee.

Answer 16

1. diamond
2. depression

Question 17

The following muscles are the correct boundary of the popliteal fossa, EXCEPT:

A. ROOF - deep fascia of thigh
B. MEDIAL - medial head of gastrocnemius
C. LATERAL - semitendinosus
D. ANTERIOR - popliteus muscle
E. None

Answer 17

C. LATERAL - semitendinosus

Question 18

The following are contents of the Popliteal fossa, EXCEPT:

A. Knee capsule
B. Tibial and common peroneal nerves
C. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
D. Genicular branch (obturator nerve)
E. Popliteal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

Answer 18

A. Knee capsule

Question 19

This artery supplies blood to the surface of the foot as a continuation of the anterior tibial artery.

A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries

Answer 19

C. Dorsalis pedis artery

Question 20

This artery forms a looping web across the foot and down through each toe and unite with the dorsalis pedis artery.

A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries

Answer 20

E. Plantar arteries

Question 21

This is the largest branch of the posterior tibial artery. It supplies blood to the outside and back of the ankle and calf muscles.

A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries

Answer 21

D. Peroneal artery

Question 22

This is formed by junction of the venae comitantes of the anterior and posterior tibial arteries at lower border of popliteus muscle; it enters the hiatus to become the femoral vein

Answer 22

Popliteal vein

Question 23

TRUE OR FALSE: The medial aspect of the
thigh is innervated by the ilioinguinal, obturator, and femoral nerve

Answer 23

True

Question 24

All knee extensors have a common innervation. What nerve supplies the muscles that serve to extend the knee?

Answer 24

Femoral nerve

Question 25

What structures provides cushion between the femur and tibia?

Answer 25

mensicus

Question 26

What is the medial leg bone, commonly called shin bone?

Answer 26

Tibia

Question 27

The anterior compartment of the leg is responsible for what movements?

Answer 27

dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toe

Question 28

This is the strongest dorsiflexor and invertor of foot

Answer 28

Tibialis anterior

Question 29

TRUE OR FALSE: All peroneals are evertors

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What artery supplies the Lateral Compartment of the Leg?

Answer 30

peroneal artery

Question 31

Which compartment is the largest in the leg?

Answer 31

posterior

Question 32

This is the most superficial and largest muscle in the leg.

Answer 32

Gastrocnemius

Question 33

This is often used for autografts in repairing flexor tendons to the fingers, aside from palmaris longus

Answer 33

Plantaris Tendon

Question 34

This is a rounded, cordlike strong ligament that prevents excessive adduction

Answer 34

Fibular collateral ligament (lateral collateral ligament)

Question 35

This is an expansion of the semimembranosus that strengthens the fibrous capsule posteriorly

Answer 35

Oblique popliteal ligament

Question 36

The following is true about the cruciate ligament, EXCEPT: A. Anterior cruciate (ACL) is weaker than posterior cruciate B. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) helps prevent hyperflexion and provides rotational (torsional) stability C. The anterior or posterior drawer's test may be used for a special test D. Both cruciate ligaments are located at the center of the joint; provides stability to the knee joint E. None

Answer 36

B. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) helps prevent hyperflexion and provides rotational (torsional) stability NOTE: ACL provides rotational (torsional) stability, NOT PCL.

Question 37

Why is the Popliteal fossa clinically important?

Answer 37

The pulse of the popliteal artery can be palpated here.

Question 38

What protects the neurovascular structures of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 38

Adipose tissue

Question 39

What is another name for the floor of the popliteal fossa

Answer 39

Floor - Anterior border

Question 40

What types of fascia are found in the roof of the popliteal fossa

Answer 40

Superficial & Deep Fascia

Question 41

What does popliteal fascia connect

Answer 41

Fascia lata with fascia cruis

Question 42

Where does the popliteal vein drain into

Answer 42

Femoral vein

Question 43

How does the popliteal vein enter the popliteal fossa?

Answer 43

via the fibrous arch of soleus muscle

Question 44

How does the popliteal vein exit the popliteal fossa

Answer 44

via the Adductor hiatus

Question 45

The sural N. passes (1)_________ to the (2)______ malleolus

Answer 45

1. Posterior 2. Lateral

Question 46

Which compartment of the leg does the common fibular N. enter?

Answer 46

Lateral compartment.

Question 47

Medial rotation of the knee accompanies what movement?

Answer 47

Knee joint flexion

Question 48

Ginglymus joints allow what movements?

Answer 48

Flexion and extension

Question 49

What shape is the arcuate popliteal ligament

Answer 49

Y shaped

Question 50

The anterior cruciate ligament passes _____

Answer 50

superoposterolateral

Question 51

The posterior cruciate ligament passes ______

Answer 51

superoanteromedial

Question 52

What muscle can be found in the knee joint

Answer 52

Popliteus

Question 53

What shape are the menisci

Answer 53

Crescent shaped

Question 54

What is the function of the menisci?

Answer 54

lubricate joint surfaces

Question 55

Adipose tissue which separates synovium from the patellar ligament

Answer 55

Infrapatellar fat pad

Question 56

This is a large extension of the knee joint synovium deep to the quadriceps femoris m.

Answer 56

Suprapatellar bursa

Question 57

What is between the patellar ligament and the anterior surface of the proximal tibia, superior to the tibial tuberosity

Answer 57

Deep Infrapatellar Bursa

Question 58

These are fluid-filled sacs in the knee that aid in reducing friction as the joint moves

Answer 58

bursae

Question 59

This bursa is between the ligamentum patellae and the tibia

Answer 59

deep infrapatellar bursa

Question 60

This bursa is between the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the medial femoral condyle and the semimembranosus tendon

Answer 60

Semimembranosus Bursa

Question 61

This bursa is at the insertion of the conjoined tendons of three muscles onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia

Answer 61

Pes Anserine Bursa

Question 62

This is the the largest (posteriorly) and most commonly distended bursa found around the knee joint

Answer 62

Baker’s Cyst

Question 63

This is also known as knocked knee

Answer 63

Genu valgum

Question 64

This is the main nerve of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 64

Tibial Nerve

Question 65

This muscle's action is plantar flexion of ankle and inversion at subtalar joint

Answer 65

Tibialis posterior