Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

560P Botanical Medicines Herbs - Gerber > Safety Concerns & Side Effects > Flashcards

Safety Concerns & Side Effects Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Common Name

A

Safety concerns, contraindications, side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Garlic

A

GI discomfort, nausea, odor, allergic rxn. Bloating, headache, dizziness, sweating, orthostatic probs, heartburn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Ginkgo

A

Allergic rxn to Ginkgolic acids –should be <5ppm. Hypersensitivity to ginkgo extracts. Rarely: mild GI upset, headache, allergic skin rxn. Possible hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Red Yeast Rice

A

Gastritis, abdominal discomfort, high liver enzymes. NOT for pregnancy, under 18, or liver problems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Aloe vera

A

Aloe latex is very strong laxative, not approved in US.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Calendula

A

No contraindications or side effects known.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Chamomile

A

On GRAS list in US. Low risk of allergy. No contraindications or side effects known.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Comfrey

A

Has Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) - toxic. Amount should be disclosed. Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Witch Hazel

A

No contraindications or side effects known.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Tea Tree oil

A

Allergic reaction. Toxic if ingested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Evening primrose oil

A

Nausea, digestive upset, headache. May increase risk of some pregnancy complications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Arnica

A

Allergic reaction. Long-term use may cause eczema & skin inflammation. TOPICAL ONLY.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Bromelain

A

Hypersensitivity & pregnancy. Bleeding disorders, high BP, liver or kidney disease Gastric upset, diarrhea, allergic rxn. Excessive menstrual bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Butterbur

A

Pregnancy, lactation, liver ailments. Gastrointestinal complaints (burning), nausea, burping, stomach pain, rarely vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, cholestatic hepatitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Capsicum

A

Sensory nerve damage ? Burning or pricking sensation, inflammatory rxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Devils Claw

A

Gastric or duodenal ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Feverfew

A

Mouth ulcers, allergic rxn.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Hops

A

None based on current info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Kava

A

GI complaints, allergic skin reactions, headache or dizziness. Prolonged use: yellowish skin, impaired visual accommodation, pupil dilation, oculomotor disturbance, pellagra-like skin, liver damage. Liver disease. Rec. Not more than 4 weeks due to liver toxicity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Lavender

A

Stomach upset, joint pain, headache. Contact allergy “nonteratogenic” in mice. On GRAS list

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

St. John’s Wort

A

Photosensitivity, phototoxicity -high dose. Dry mouth, headache, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, stomachache. 1-3% rate. No evid. genotoxic or mutagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Valerian

A

No toxicity in rat preg. Low valepotriates (& baldrinals) rec. due to toxicity. No doc. contr- preg/lactation, babies is precaution. Headache, grogginess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:

Wormwood, Aka absinthe

Study These Flashcards
A

Heightens and alters effect of alcohol, thujone poisoning —> cerebral dysfunction w/seizures & hallucinations

25
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Foxglove
Narrow therapeutic range. Not appropriate for herbalism. Local irritation
26
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Hawthorn
Unusual: Dizziness, headache, GI upset, palpitation. None in rats studies, including NO impact on prenatal/postnatal development or fertility.
27
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Horse Chestnut
Usually none @right dose. Esculin (poisonous, raise bleeding). Itching, nausea, GI upset, muscle spasms, headache
28
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: German Chamomile
On GRAS list in US. Low risk of allergy. No contraindications or side effects known.
29
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Ginger
gas, diarrhea, heartburn, abdominal discomfort, caution w/gallstones, GRAS as spice
30
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Licorice
Limit: \<5-15g dried herb and 4-6 weeks (risk of Na/H2O retention, raising BP, lose K, edema) unless “deglycyrrhized”. Contr: liver probs, high BP, hypokalemia, renal failure, pregnancy
31
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Peppermint
Tea –none significant. Oil –don’t apply to kids mucous membranes, interstitial nephritis, acute renal failure @ 2-9 g menthol. Reflux?
32
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Turmeric
No adverse events observed
33
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Buckthorn
Colicky ab pain (griping), more menstrual bleeding & fetal loss. Buckthorn-Severe vomiting & spasms if not aged. All w/ long term abuse –severe electrolyte & water loss, hyperaldosteronism, low K, kidney damage. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, bowel obstruction.
34
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Castor
Colicky ab pain (griping), more menstrual bleeding & fetal loss. All w/ long term abuse –severe electrolyte & water loss, hyperaldosteronism, low K, kidney damage. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, bowel obstruction. Castor– bile obstruction, poisonings with lipid-soluble stuff
35
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Black Tea
Liver damage
36
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Flax/ Linseed
Must drink enough water. Don’t take at bedtime. Contr: Stenotic lesions of GI tract.
37
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Milk Thistle
Usually mild. GI complaints (diarrhea, gas, bloating, ab pain), dizziness, naus/vomiting, VMS, allergy. No known contraindications
38
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Psyllium
Allergic reactions. Must drink enough water. Don’t take at bedtime. Contr: Stenotic lesions of GI tract.
39
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Brewer’s yeast
Migraine attacks, flatulence, itching. Not mutagenic. Contr: yeast allergy. Good safety.
40
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Pelargonium
Appears to be very safe. Occasional skin rash
41
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Black Cohosh
GI complaints, headache, dizziness, weight gain. No reported toxicity, teratogen, or carcinogen so far. Maybe liver problem
42
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Chasteberry
No serious ones reported.
43
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Nettle
GI complaints, skin allergies, hyperhidrosis. No contraindications
44
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Pumpkin seeds
Hot flashes, headache, stomach ache, gout, GI complaints. No known contraindications
45
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Saw Palmetto
Generally mild. Erectile dysfunction, GI complaints. Prostatic carcinoma, UTI, impotence, ejaculatory problems
46
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Bearberry
Limit to 1 week use because high tannins. No studies on safety. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, \<12
47
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Asian Ginseng
Supposedly no increased toxicological risk. Mostly mild & reversible. Quality & contamination may be an issue.
48
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Siberian Ginseng
Contr: hypertension. No known side effects
49
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Ashwagandha (aka Indian ginseng)
Minimal toxicity at therapeutic dose. “safely” used in Ayurveda for 1,000s yrs Lack of studies
50
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Astralagus
Normal dose not associated with observed adverse effects
51
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Cordyceps
Dry mouth, skin rash, diarrhea, drowsiness
52
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Echinacea, which uses root extracts
Very low toxicity. Rec. use less than 8 weeks. Contr: autoimmune diseases & systemic dis-theoretical
53
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Echinacea, which uses juice of aerial parts
No mutagenicity in vitro, low rate of relatively mild SE (aftertaste, nausea, ab pain) Rec. use less than 8 weeks
54
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: European mistletoe
Skin rash, itching, injection site inflammation, chills, high fever, headache, chest pain, low BP. Contr: protein sensitivity, chronic progressive infections
55
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Goldenseal
Contr: pregnancy. Poorly absorbed from GI tract
56
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Gotu kola
“safe when used appropriately.” Salad green. Few toxicity reports
57
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Grape seed
Devoid of toxic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects. May be antimutagenic.
58
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Ephedra
Adrenal tumor, anorexia, diabetes, glaucoma, irregular heartbeat, hypertension, insomnia, excess thyroid hormone, prostate tumor, pregnancy, lactation.
59
# Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of: Eucalyptus
No strong-smells or essential oils in face or on mucosa of kids under 2– risk of respiratory arrest. Rare –stomach upset if internal, skin reaction

560P Botanical Medicines Herbs - Gerber (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions