Salivary gland tumors Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is the of Pleomorphic adenoma?
Epidemiology ?
Contain ?
It is the most common benign salivary gland tumor
which contains epithelial and modified myoepithelial elements intermingled most commonly with tissue of mucoid, myxoid or chondroid appearance.
Why is Pleomorphic adenoma also called a “Mixed tumor”?
Because it has epithelial and mesenchymal components.
Describe the encapsulation of Pleomorphic adenoma.
Partially encapsulated with pseudopodia.
What is the most common affected site for Pleomorphic adenoma?
Parotid gland (~ 80%).
What is the second most common site for Pleomorphic adenoma, and what is the most common minor salivary gland site?
Minor salivary glands are the 2nd most common site, and the palate is the most common minor salivary gland site.
Describe the typical clinical presentation of a Pleomorphic adenoma mass.
Usually, painless, slow-growing mass; Single, smooth, mobile, firm nodule.
What are the three typical components seen in the histopathologic picture of Pleomorphic adenoma?
1Epithelial (ductal) component, inner layer of cysts
and tubules>
2Myoepithelial cells outer layer of cysts
3Stromal component is typically myxoid, chondroid or
myxochondroid-It can also be hyalinized or fibrotic
What types of metaplastic changes may be seen in Pleomorphic adenoma?
Adipose metaplasia,
osseous metaplasia,
squamous metaplasia (sometimes with keratinization),
sebaceous metaplasia and mucinous metaplasia.
What can metaplasia potentially lead to if left untreated?
If left untreated, the cells undergoing metaplasia can become dysplastic, which can eventually lead to cancer.
What are the three most common sites for metastasizing PA?
The bone (36.6%), lung (33.8%), and cervical lymph nodes (20.1%).
full body survey is mandator فحص للجسم كامل يلزم
What is Carcinoma ex-PA?
Carcinoma in the epithelial component of preexisting PA.موجده مسبقاا
How may Carcinoma ex-PA arise?
De novo, or from a long-standing PA, or recurrent PA.
What is Carcinosarcoma?
True malignant mixed tumor with carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.
Carcinoma: poorly
differentiated ductal carcinom
Sarcoma: mainly
chondrosarcomaمهم
What is the other name for Warthin’s tumor?
Papillary cyst adenoma lymphomatosum.
What is the prevalence of Warthin’s tumor among benign salivary gland tumors?
Site ?
It is the 2nd most common.
parotid
Is Warthin’s tumor unilateral or bilateral?
Sex
Bilateral.
الوحيد اللي ف ال male بقاي التيومر في الستات
What habit is Warthin’s tumor related to?
Related to smoking.
Describe the histopathology of Warthin’s tumor.
Papillary cystic structures lined by bilayered oncocytic epithelial cells and surrounded by a lymphoid stroma including germinal centers. The epithelial component is comprised of inner columnar and outer cuboidal
What is Oncocytoma? الرمانه الحمراء
It is a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm composed of large eosinophilic granular cells (oncocytes) containing atypical mitochondria.مهم
Describe the histopathology of Oncocytoma.
polyhedral eosinophilic cells (oncocytes) with dense eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Nuclei are centralized and vesicular.
What is the most common salivary gland tumor in children?malignant
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).
Where can MEC be found?
In both major and minor SGs (lower lip).مهم عكس البولي مورفك كان في ف upper lip
Central MEC→in mandible
→ectopic salivary gland tissue
→malignant transformation of dentigrous cyst
→mucous metaplaia.
→lining of max sinu
What are the classifications of MEC according to the degree of differentiation by the modified Hailey system?
Low grade,
Intermediate grade,
High grade.
Describe low-grade MEC tumors histologically.
are well differentiated and are made up primarily of mucus-secreting and epidermoid cells which are arranged within (cystic spaces). No signs of dysplasia. Mucus cell > epidermoid cells.
