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1
Q
What were some of the oldest discovered remains of fermented beverages and where were the found?
A
Aromatized wines, in China (1250 BCE) ad Iran (5400 BCE)
2
Q
What was Hippocras?
A
A wine infused with wormwood (artemisia absinthium) highly sought after in ancient Greco-Roman cultures.
3
Q
What was Hippocras consumed as?
A
A stimulant and restorative, deemed to have healthy and invigorating tonic effects.
4
Q
What is Clarea?
A
A white-wine-based beverage made with honey and spices. Dates to the 1500s, originally made in Naples.
5
Q
What is Zurracapote?
A
Also called Zurra. Similar to sangria, a Spanish red-wine-based beverage made with fruit macerated with sugar, cinnamon, fruit juice, and sometimes brandy.
6
Q
What is Kalte Ente?
A
A sweetened drink made with white wine, sparkling wine and lemon, traditionally made in Germany with Riesling and sparkling wine.
7
Q
What is Maiwein?
A
An aromatized wine drink flawored with Asperula odorata (sweet woodruff). Other ingredients may include strawberries, brandy, sparkling wine, and sugar. Traditionally served on May Day in Germany (and throughout the spring).
8
Q
What are some distilleries located in Northern Ireland?
A
Echlinville
Hinch Distillery
9
Q
What is Irish Poitín?
A
Originally an Irish version of Moonshine. Now has GI protections. Often unaged, since it can contain ingredients other than grains classified as “spirit drink”. May be flavored.
10
Q
Where is whisky produced in France?
A
In Brittany and Alsace (both have GI status).
11
Q
What are some well known brands of Canadian Whisky?
A
Canadian Club
Canadian Mist
Crown Royal
Black Velvet
Pendleton Whisky
Seagram’s Seven
Collingwood Whisky
Alberta Premium
12
Q
When was Canadian Club first produced?
A
1882.
13
Q
Who developed Canadian Club Whisky?
A
Hiram Walker.
14
Q
What are the three distilleries operated by Suntory?
A
Suntory (Yamazaki - near Osaka)
Hakushu (near Hokuto)
Chita (On Chita Peninsula)
15
Q
What distilleries were founded by Masataka Taketsuru?
A
Yoichi (Hokkaido)
Miyagikyo (Sendai - on Honshu)
16
Q
What is Soba Shōchū?
A
Shōchū made from buckwheat.
17
Q
What is Moromitori Shōchū?
A
The most common single distilled version of Shōchū named for the two stage fermentation that produces the mash for distillation.
18
Q
What is Wuliangye?
A
A Chinese neutral spirit. Also known as “5 grain drink”.
19
Q
Where is Wuliangye from?
A
China, the Sichuan Province.
20
Q
What is Luzhou Laojiao?
A
A clear grain spirit produced in the Sichuan province. Complex with unique aromas.
21
Q
Where does Luzhou Laojiao get its unique aromas?
A
From the yellow clay cellars where the mash is stored until used.
22
Q
What is Erguotou?
A
A baijiu bottled under the name Red Star. A favorite of the working class. Often associated with Beijing.
23
Q
What is Moutai?
A
A Chinese neutral spirit (baijiu) made from Sorghum and wheat qu. Favorite of Mao Zedong, served at dinner Nixon attended.
24
Q
What is an Armagnac still?
A
An early, small-scale version of a continuous still. A small hybrid still, a pot with a continuous feed topped off with a short rectifying column.
25
What are the six lesser used grapes permitted for use in Armagnac?
Clairette de Gascogne (Blance Dame)
Meslier Saint-Francois
Plant de Graisse
Jurancon Blanc
Mauzac Blanc
Mauzac Rose
26
What type of wood is used for aging Armagnac?
Black oak from the Monlezun Forest. Also some Limousin.
27
What does Monlezun black oak bring to Armagnac?
High tannin content, attributing to Armagnac's flavor and color.
28
How is Monlezun black oak used for Armagnac distillation?
Many producers use Monlezun black oak for an initial period of time and then transfer to other barrels so not too many tannins. Older oak is used for lengthier maturation.
29
What is monovitigno?
A grappa produced from a single grape variety (at least 85%).
30
What grapes were used in the production of the first single variety grappa?
100% Picolit
31
What is a caffe corretto?
Grappa with a shot of espresso.
32
What is Resentin?
Grappa used to rinse out rest of espresso from cup.
33
What is Vinaccia?
The Italian word for pomace.
34
How many Grappa producers are there estimated to be in Italy?
Around 130.
35
What is Grappa Aromatizzata?
Grappas containing herbs, spices, or fruits.
36
What is Giovane or Bianco Grappa?
A Grappa aged a minimum of 6 months, usually in steel or glass.
37
What is the full name of Marc?
Eaux-de-vie de marc.
38
About how many wine producing regions in France make Marc?
More than 30
39
What is considered one of the highest quality examples of Marc?
Eaux-de-vie de marc de Bourgogne
40
When was Marc first produced in France?
The 18th century (possibly earlier).
41
Is Marc aged in oak?
It may be, customarily old oak barrels.
42
What grape variety from Alsace has a single variety AOP for Marc?
marc d'Alsace gewurztraminer.
43
What is Calvados classified as in the EU?
A cider spirit.
44
What is a typical blend of the categories of apples used to make Calvados?
10% Acidic/sour
20% Bitter
50% Bittersweet
20% Sweet
45
What does Calvados Fermier mean?
It is a farmer-produced spirit made using traditional agricultural methods.
46
What is another term for Calvados Fermier?
Produit Fermier
47
What is Pommeau?
A French spirit made by mixing 2 parts unfermented apple juice with one part one-year-old calvados. It is then aged for at least 14 months. technically a mistelle.
48
What is the name for unaged grape brandy in the EU?
Wine spirits
49
What is grape marc spirit or fruit marc spirit?
EU pomace brandy.
50
Why and when was wine first distilled?
In the 16th century, to concentrate the wine for shipment to Holland for tax and transport reasons.
51
What was the original Dutch term for brandy?
Brandewijn (burnt wine)
52
What is Fine brandy?
A high quality French brandy produced outside of Cognac or Armagnac.
53
What are some
Fine Brandies?
Fine de Bordeaux
Fine de Bourgogne
Fine de la Marne
54
What is Fine de la Marne?
Brandy produced from grapes grown in the Champagne wine region.
55
When was the first brandy made in South Africa?
1672.
56
Where is most of the brandy in South Africa produced?
Robertson and Worcester.
57
What is Alter Weinbrand?
A German brandy aged a minimum of 6 months in wood.
58
What is Weinbrand Uralt?
A German brandy aged for a minimum of twelve months in wood.
59
What is used to make German brandy?
Imported wine, mostly from Spain.
60
What is Asbach Uralt?
One of the most widely distributed German brandies.
61
What pears are used to make pear brandy?
William Bo-Chretien (Bartlett in US)
62
Describe pear brandy.
Generally unaged, colorless, and produced to preserve the distinctive aroma of ripe pear.
63
How is Kirsch generally served?
Neat as an aperitif or a digestif. Also used in some recipes (Swiss Fondue, Black Forest Cake).
64
Where is apricot brandy made?
Mostly Hungary and Austria.
65
What is Barack Palinka?
Apricot brandy made in Hungary.
66
What is Marillenschnaps?
An Austrian apricot brandy made in the Wachau region. Has a strong, clean apricot aroma.
67
What are other names for Marillenschnaps?
Marillenbrand
Marillen Apricot eau-de-vie.
68
What does Marillen mean?
It is the Austrian term for apricots (in other German speaking countries it is aprikosen)
69
What is slivovitz?
Plum brandies produced in Central Europe.
70
How is slivovitz produced?
From crushed black plums fermented with their skins, seeds and pulp. One or several distillations, aged or unaged.
71
What is Pflümli (or plum eau-de-vie)?
Plum brandy made in Switzerland and the US.
72
What is Framboise?
A French eaux-de-vie made from Raspberries.
73
What is Fraise?
A French eaux-de-vie made from strawberries.
74
What is Obstler (or Obstbrand)?
Fruit spirits made from a mixture of fruit.
75
What are clear spirits made from a mixture of fruit made in Austria, Switzerland, and southern Germany called?
Schnapps
76
What is himbeergeist?
A raspberry infused spirit produced mainly in Germany and Austria.
77
What is Schwarzwalder Himbeergeist?
A clear spirit created by macerating fresh raspberries in neutral spirits for several weeks before diluting and distilling the mixture. Has GI status.
78
What is flavored brandy?
In the US, brandies flavored with natural flavorings. Battled at a minimum of 30% ABV. If there is a predominant flavor, must appear on the label. Most flavored brandies are sweetened, can sometimes also be classified as liqueurs.
79
What is Jahrgangskirsch?
A vintage bottling of Kirsch produced only during exceptional years.
80
What is the most common mix of fruit in Obstler?
Apples and Pears.
81
Where is Obstler produced?
Southern Germany, Austria, and the German speaking parts of Italy and Switzerland.
82
What is octili poliqhui?
The Aztec name for a fermented juice made from agave. Named after the Aztec god of drink.
83
What is pulque?
Fermented juice made from agave.
84
What is mezcal wine?
A distilled spirit made from pulque, and early distillation of agave.
85
Who received the first license to produce mezcal wine in the Tequila region in 1795?
Jose Maria Guadalupe Cuervo
86
When was the term "tequila" first used to describe Mezcal wine from the Jalisco region?
1873
87
What botanical family does agave belong to?
Asparagaceae
88
What sub-family of Asparagaceae is agaeve a part of?
Agavoideae
89
What are pencas?
The long leave of an agave plant.
90
What are the size designations for shoots severed from a parent agave plant?
Lemon-size
Onion-size
Grapefruit-size
91
What happens to agave shoots at the nursery?
They are dried for 1-3 weeks, then planted in nursery area. After around 2 years moved to their final growing site where they'll mature.
92
What is the Altitude of the Amatitán?
About 4200 ft. (1300 m)
93
What administrative regions are included in Los Altos?
Altos Norte
Altos Sur
Portion of Cienéga.
94
What is the altitude of Los Altos?
6500 ft. (2000 m)
95
How much do Amatitán piñas weigh?
75-165 lbs. (35-75 kilos)
96
How much do Los Altos piñas weigh?
110-200 lbs. (50-90 kilos)
97
How long and at what temperature are piñas generally cooked in hornos?
36-48 hours at 140-185º F
or
Shorter time - 200º F
98
What is a diffuser process in tequila production?
An expensive, large, enclosed machine that can extract nearly all of the carbohydrates from pinas. They are used either with cooked or uncooked pinas.
99
What are some popular flavors of flavored tequila?
Chiles (Jalapeno, chipotle, ancho, etc.)
Tropical fruit (Coconut, mango pineapple)
Orange
Strawberry
Almond
100
Where may Mezcal be produced?
Oaxaca (center of production)
Guerrero
Durango
San Luis Potosi
Zacatecas
Portions of Tamaulipas, Michoacan, Sinaloa, Puebla, and Guanajuato.
101
What is a jicara
A fruit of the Crescentia cujete tree (calabash), the dried peel of which is used to make a cup for serving mezcal.
102
What is a Veladora?
A small glass loosely resembling a votive candle holder sometimes used for sipping Mezcal.
103
What is Pulque?
A fermented agave beverage.
104
What is the base material for Pulque?
The sap from the Agave Americana (maguey) plant is the base material.
105
How is the sap harvested for the production of Pulque?
After the agave is mature (takes 10-12 years) the floral bud and central leaves are removed, and a small cavity is carved into the center of the base. After a few days, the sap start to flow in. It is harvested once or twice a day. Scraped at regular intervals, can produce sap for 3-6 months.
106
How is the sap fermented in the production of Pulque?
It is brought to a production facility (a tinacal) and placed in a large vat. Fermentation (using Zymomonas mobilis bacteria) is induced by the addition of some freshly made and still fermenting pulque to the vat of fresh sap. Takes 7-14 days typically.
107
Why is most pulque consumed locally?
It spoils rapidly.
108
What is a pulqueria?
Neighborhood bars in Mexico that serve pulque.
109
Where does the name of Raicilla come from?
It means "little root" - was adapted in the 1780s in an attempt to avoid a tax on Mezcal from Spain - the ploy was mostly successful.
110
What other countries produce agave based spirits?
Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, and the US.
111
What is Miske?
A traditional agave spirit from Ecuador. Has DO status.
112
How many brands of tequila are there in Mexico?
Over 350.
113
What are some popular cocktails made with tequila?
Margarita
Tequila Sunrise
Paloma
Brave Bull
Bloody Maria
114
Which countries have GI status from the EU for their Vodka?
Poland
Estonia
Sweden
Finland
Lithuania
Norway
115
What are some desirable congeners in modern vodka?
Ethyl Laurate
Ethyl myristate
Ethyl palmitate
116
Describe the flavor/character associated with ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate.
It provides a waxy flavor and character.
117
What does ethyl laurate contribute to vodka?
Fruity and floral aromas.
118
What are some representative brands of rye vodka?
Belvedere (Poland)
Potocki (Poland)
Wyborowa (Poland)
Zytnia (Poland)
119
What are some representative brands of wheat vodka?
Absolut (Sweden)
Grey Goose (France)
Ketel One (The Netherlands)
Sputnik (Russia)
Russian Standard (Russia)
120
What are some brands of vodka made from barley?
Finlandia (Finland)
Koskenkorva (Finland)
121
What are some representative brands of vodka made from corn?
Smirnoff (USA, various)
Tito's (USA)
122
What are some brands that used mixed grain for producing vodka?
Charbay (USA)
Iceberg (Canada)
Ikon (Russia)
Jewel of Russia (Russia)
Polstar (Iceland)
Skyy (USA)
Stoli (Latvia, various)
123
What are some brands of Potato Vodka?
Chopin (Poland)
Monopolowa (Austria)
Teton Glacier (USA)
124
What is an example of a blended vodka?
Ultimat (Poland)
125
What is Pertsovka?
A Russian term for vodka flavored with red chili pepper. Traditionally would have included honey.
126
What is Okhotnichya?
Also known as hunter's vodka, a Russian vodka flavored with a blend of spiced, including ginger, citrus peel, black and red pepper, cloves, anise, and tormentil (a bitter herb). Traditionally blended with some kind of fortified white wine.
127
What is tormentil?
A bitter herb used in the Russian vodka Okhotnichya (Hunter's Vodka).
128
What is Kubanskaya?
A Russian vodka flavored with dried lemon and orange peel, sometimes honey.
129
What is Starka?
A Polish or Lithuanian vodka aged in oak and often flavored with spices and herbs. Associated with birth of child and aged till wedding. Means old woman - refers to aging process.
130
What is Krupnik?
A Polish vodka flavored with clover honey and herbs. Also traditional to Lithuania, known as Krupnikas.
131
What is the first brand of vodka to be produced in the US?
Smirnoff
132
What was the first brand of vodka to be imported into the US from Russia?
Stolichnaya
133
In what country is Belvedere vodka produced?
Poland
134
In what country is Grey Goose vodka produced?
France
135
In what country is Ketel One vodka produced?
Netherlands
136
In what country is Absolut vodka produced?
Sweden
137
In what country is Skyy vodka produced?
USA
138
In what country is Ikon vodka produced?
Russia
139
In what country is Zytnia vodka produced?
Poland
140
In what country is Iceberg vodka produced?
Canada
141
In what country is Monoplowa vodka produced?
Austria
142
In what country is Ciroc vodka produced?
France
143
In what country is Ultimat vodka produced?
Poland
144
In what country is Wyborowa vodka produced?
Poland
145
In what country is Potoki vodka produced?
Poland
146
In what country is Charbay vodka produced?
USA
147
In what country is Sputnik vodka produced?
Russia
148
In what country is Polstar vodka produced?
Iceland
149
In what country is Koskenkorva vodka produced?
Finland
150
What is Spirytus Rektyfikowa?
A rectified spirit from Poland made from grain and/or potatoes. Commonly used for home liqueurs but sometimes consumed undiluted. Bottled at 96% ABV.
151
What is Primaspirit?
A German neutral spirit bottled at 95.6& ABV. Sold primarily for use in homemade liqueurs. Sometimes called Neutralalkohol.
152
What are some marketed high-proofed neutral spirits?
Everclear (US)
Primaspirit (Germany)
Spirytus Rektyfikowany (Poland)
153
Who is Rudolph Kunett?
A former Russian who purchased the rights to produce vodka using the Smirnoff formula.
154
What tradition is Starka associated with?
From the fifteenth century in Poland/Lithuania - Upon the birth of a child, the father fills an oak vat previously holding wine with vodka, it is then sealed and buried to be unearthed at the child's wedding. Starka means both aging process and old woman.
155
What are some cocktails made from vodka?
Cosmopolitan
Black Russian
Screwdriver
Apple Martini
Lemon Drop Martini
Espresso Martini
Vodka Martini
156
What was the vodka martini originally known as?
Kangaroo or Kangaroo Cocktail
157
What is the best selling brand of vodka in the world?
Smirnoff.
158
What is the second best selling brand of vodka in the world?
Absolut.
159
When was the modern incarnation of Absolut first launched?
1979.
160
Who currently owns Absolut vodka?
Pernod-Ricard
161
In what region of France is Grey Goose bottled?
Cognac.
162
What spirit did the creator of Grey Goose turn into a sensation prior to creating Grey Goose?
Jägermeister.
163
What did Sidney Frank do to make Grey Goose a best seller?
He priced it double the price of the imported brand Absolut, and submitted it to the tasting instituted that named it the best tasting in the world.
164
Who currently owns Grey Goose?
Bacardi.
165
What is Russian Standard?
A Russian wheat based vodka introduced in 1998. It is the best selling vodka in Russia.
166
What is Samogon?
The Russian version of moonshine. It means "self-distilled". Made from any materials around, and after distillation is a neutral spirit. It was then infused with herbs and spices.
167
When was Smirnoff first distilled in the US?
1933.
168
When and how was the Moscow Mule created?
In the early 1940s, an executive for Smirnoff and Jack Morgan (owner of the Cock 'n' Bull in LA who made their own brand of ginger beer, combined the two beverages.
169
Who owns Smirnoff now?
Diageo.
170
What is Starka?
A barrel aged vodka, originally made in eastern Europe (primarily Poland Lithuania, and Russia) now produced mainly in Poland and the US.
171
What was the Soviet Union's primary spirits export from the 1950s until the Union's collapse in 1991?
Stolichnaya.
172
When did Stolichnaya begin selling vodka in the US?
1972.
173
Who acquired the rights to sell Stolichnaya in the US in 1972?
PepsiCo.
174
Which two countries claim to have invented vodka?
Poland and Russia.
175
What is Gin de Mahon?
A gin produced in Menorca (Spanish Baleoric Island). A white wine spirit - redistilled in wood fired copper pot. Aged in oak. Has a GI designation.
176
Who are some producers of Old Tom Gin?
Hayman Distillery (England)
Ransom Spirits (US - Oregon)
177
What are some leading brands of London Dry Gin?
Beefeater
Tanqueray
Bombay Dry
Sapphire
Gordons
178
What are the main styles of gin?
London Dry Gin
Plymouth Gin
Old Tom Gin
Gin de Mahón
Vilnius Gin
Flavored Gins
179
When was the gin craze in London?
1720-1751
180
What is Vilnius Gin?
A Lithuanian gin flavored with, in addition to juniper, coriander seed, dill seed, and orange peel. Bottled at 45% ABV. Similar in style to London Dry.
181
What is Destilerias Xoriguer?
The sole producer of Gin de Mahon.
182
What are some common gin cocktails?
Dry Martini
Gin and Tonic
Tom Collins
Pink Lady
Singapore Sling
183
What is Beefeater?
A traditional London dry gin.
184
Who owns Beefeater Gin?
Pernod Ricard.
185
What is Booth's?
The oldest major gin brand. Formerly one of the largest gin producers in England, now distilled only in the US.
186
Who currently owns Booth's Gin?
Diageo.
187
What was the Cow Cross Distillery?
The Booth Gin distillery established in 1772 and located in Clerkenwell, England. It was badly damaged in WWII, rebuilt and renamed the Red Lion Distillery, but demolished in the 1990s.
188
What is Pink Gin?
Gin and Bitters, a popular officers drink in the British navy. Originally almost always Plymouth Gin and Angostura bitters. Popular in Britain and North America from WWI through the 1960s.
189
What is Britain's oldest continually operating gin distillery?
Black Friars Distillery.
190
Who currently owns the Black Friars Distillery?
Pernod-Ricard.
191
What are some differences between London Dry Gin and Plymouth Gin?
Plymouth Gin is a bit sweeter (orange and lemony zing) and a bit more earthy (from angelica and orris).
192
What are the botanicals used for making Plymouth Gin?
Juniper Berry
Coriander Seed
Dried orange peel
Dried lemon peel
Angelica root
Green cardamom
Orris root.
193
When may a liqueur use the term "dry" on its label in the US?
When the liqueur contains less than 10% sugar by weight.
194
How does the EU define a liqueur?
Made with a spirt sweetened and flavored with agricultural products such as cream, milk, fruit, wine, or aromatized wine.
Contains at least 10% sugar (100 g/L)
(7% sugar for cherry liqueur, 8% for gentian)
Must be bottled art no less than 15% ABV
195
What are the requirements for Rye liqueur/cordials and Bourbon liqueur/cordials?
Must be bottled at no less than 30% ABV, must have at least 51% rye or bourbon, and predominant flavor of such whiskey.
196
What are the requirements for Rock and Rye, or Rock and Bourbon?
Bottled at no less than 24% ABV
At least 51% rye or bourbon
Predominant flavor rye or bourbon, must contain rock candy or sugar syrup.
197
What are the requirements in the US for rum liqueur, gin liqueur, and brandy liqueur?
Must be bottled at no less than 30% ABV, and the distilled spirit base must be entirely rum, gin, or brandy.
198
What is the difference between a cordial in the US and in the EU?
Cordial is another term for liqueur in the US, in the EU, it is a nonalcoholic, flavor-enhancing ingredient used for cocktails and other beverages.
199
What are the requirements for maraschino liqueur in the EU?
Must be colorless
Minimum sugar content 25% - 250g/L
Minimum 24% ABV
200
What are the EU requirements for Nocino?
Must be flavored via maceration and/or distillation with whole green walnuts
Minimum sugar 10% - 100g/L
Minimum ABV 30%
201
What are the EU requirements for Advocaat (Advokaat)?
Minimum sugar or honey content of 150g/L - 15%
Minimum pure egg yolk content 140 g/L
Minimum ABV 14%
May contain milk products
202
When and where was Triple Sec first produced?
In France in the early 1800s.
203
What is the Combier Distillery known for?
Produced one of the earliest versions of Triple Sec. Located in Saumur, France. Still produces several versions.
204
What is the origin of the name Triple Sec?
Triple refers to the three-stage, copper pot distillation process used. Sec - the French word for dry - may refer to the orange peels that were dried prior to distillation, or that it was meant to be less sweet than other orange liqueurs.
205
What was one of the first companies to produce Curaçao, and where was it located?
Senior & Company, on the island of Curaçao.
206
When was Cointreau first developed?
1875
207
What do many claim was the first company to use the term triple sec?
Cointreau
208
What is a difference between Cointreau and other orange liqueurs?
It was developed to be a less sweet version of other orange liqueurs.
209
When and where was Grand Marnier Cordon Rouge created?
1880 in France.
210
Who was Alexander Marnier-Lapostolle?
The creator of Grand Marnier.
211
What is Cuvee 1880 and Quintessence?
More cognac-forward versions of Grand Marnier.
212
What is Grand Marnier Cordon Jaune?
A version of Grand Marnier found in Europe, that uses neutral spirits instead of cognac for its base. Used more for cooking.
213
What are some dishes that use Grand Marnier?
Soufflés
Crêpes Suzette
Duck à l'orange.
214
What is Mandarine Napoléon?
An orange and tangerine-flavored liqueur originally produced in Belgium.
215
What is Mandarine Napoléon made from?
Sicilian and Corsican mandarins plus a blend of botanicals. Blended with cognac and sweetened.
216
When was Mandarine Napoléon created and commercially produced?
In the 1700s, according to legend for Napoleon. Commercially produced since 1892.
217
Who was Dr. Antoine-François de Fourcroy?
Napoleon's personal physician. According to legend, developed Mandarine Napoleon.
218
Who was Louis Schmidt?
A Belgian chemist who reportedly discovered the recipe for Mandarine Napoleon in Dr. Fourcroy's diary.
219
What are the botanicals believed to be in Mandarine Napoleon?
Clove
Nutmeg
Cinnamon
Cardamom
Green and black teas.
220
What are the three versions of Cassis that have GI status?
Cassis de Bourgogne
Cassis de Dijon
Cassis de Saintonge
221
What is Saintonge?
A former province of France centered near the current Charente-Maritime department.
222
What is Kir?
A white wine and cassis cocktail.
223
What is Kir Royale?
A sparkling wine/champagne cocktail.
224
How is Chambord made?
By infusing neutral spirits with fresh raspberries and blackberries. A second infusion extracts even more flavor from the fruits. After six weeks, the berries are pressed, and the infused alcohol, along with the fruit juices and sugars, is blended with the extracts of black raspberries, black currants, vanilla, herbs, and cognac.
225
Where is Chambord made?
The Commune de Cour-Cheverny in the Loire Valley.
226
What is Chambord named for?
Chateau de Chambord in the Loire Valley. According to legend, it was where Kind Louis XIV first tried it.
227
What is Ginjinha?
A traditional morello cherry liqueur from Portugal.
228
How is Ginjinha made?
By infusing ginja berries (Morello cherries) in brandy. Sugar, cinnamon and possibly other ingredients are also added.
229
How is Ginjinha traditionally served?
In a shot glass with a piece of fruit in the bottom of the cup.
230
When was Heering Cherry Liqueur first produced?
1818
231
What cocktails is Heering Cherry Liqueur used in?
Singapore Sling
Blood and Sand.
232
Where is Licor 43 produced?
Cartagena, Spain
233
What family founded Licor 43?
The Zamora family.
234
What are the main ways Licor 43 is served?
Neat
Over ice
In Coffee Drinks.
235
What type of lemons are traditionally used in Limoncello?
The zest of Sorrento lemons.
236
What is another name for Femminello Santa Teresa lemons?
Sorrento lemons.
237
What two version of Limoncello have GI status?
Liquore di limone di Sorrento
Liquore di limone della Costa d'Amalfi
238
Where are the main areas where limoncello is produced?
Mainly southern Italy -
Naples
the Amalfi Coast
Capri
239
What liqueur was first made in Zadar on the Dalmation Coast of Croatia?
Luxardo Maraschino
240
Where is Luxardo Maraschino now produced?
The Veneto region of Italy.
241
When was the first commercial version of Luxardo Maraschino first produced?
1821
242
When did Luxardo Maraschino move to Veneto?
After World War II
243
What are some cocktails that use Luxardo Maraschino?
The Mary Pickford
Hemingway Daiquiri
244
Where is Malibu made?
Barbados
245
When was Midori Melon first introduced?
1978
246
Where was Midori Melon first produced?
Japan, by Suntory
247
What does the word Midori mean?
It is Japanese for green
248
What color is Midori Melon?
Green
249
What is Midori Melon made from?
Muskmelons
250
Where is Midori Melon now produced?
Japan, Mexico and France.
251
What are some cocktails that use Midori Melon?
Midori Sour
Sex on the Beach
Japanese Slipper
252
What is Pimm's No. 1 Cup?
An English specialty drink known as a fruit cup.
253
When and by whom was Pimm's originally produced?
1823 by James Pimm
254
What is the intended use of Pimm's?
A beverage intended to be made into a tall drink through the addition of ice, a mixer, and a variety of fruit, vegetable and herb garnishes.
255
What is Domaine de Canton French Ginger Liqueur?
A revival of a Chinese ginger liqueur produced until 1997. It was released by Domaine de Canton in France in 2007. A cognac-based liqueur with ginger as the primary flavor, complemented by orange blossom, honey and vanilla.
256
What is Crème Yvette?
A liqueur flavored with violet petals as well as blackberries, raspberries, wild strawberries, orange peel, and vanilla.
257
When was Crème Yvette originally produced?
1890
258
When did Crème Yvette stop production, and when was it revived?
Stopped in 1969
Revived in 2009.
259
Where was Crème Yvette produced prior to 1969?
Connecticut first, later Philadelphia.
260
Where is Crème Yvette currently made?
Provence, France
261
What are some cocktails that use Crème Yvette?
Blue Moon
Stratosphere
262
What is Liquore Galliano L'Autentico?
A sweet herbal liqueur from Italy. Most of its flavor is from anise and vanilla.
263
When and by whom was Liquore Galliano L'Autentico first created
1896 by Arturo Vaccari in Tuscany, named for the Italian war hero Giuseppe Galliano.
264
What is Liquore Strega?
An bright yellow Italian liqueur made from over 70 different ingredients, including saffron mint, juniper, and anise.
265
What does Strega mean?
Witch in Italian. Liquore Strega is believed (by some) to be based on a witch's brew. Benevento (the city where it is produced) is purported to have been an historic gathering place for witches.
266
What is Italicus Rosolio di Bergamotto?
A new Italian spirt launched in 2016. Based on a product from the 15th century known as rosolio. A bittersweet liqueur with clean, floral-and -citrus flavors.
267
What is Rosolio?
A traditional aperitivo flavored with rose petals.
268
What flavors are in Italicus Rosolio de Bergamotto?
Bergamot orange, chamomile, lavender, cedro lemon (citron) and yellow roses.
269
What is Goldschläger?
A Swiss cinnamon schnapps with tiny flakes of gold leaf floating in it.
270
When was St. Germain launched?
2007.
271
What is Sambuca Romana?
An Italian anise - or licorice - flavored liqueur. A neutral spirit flavored with anise, elderberries, and a secret recipe of other essences.
272
How is Sambuca Romana usually served?
Neat, with 3 coffee beans said to represent the Holy Trinity or the wish for health, happiness and prosperity. It louches with the addition of ice or cold water.
273
What chemical provides Amaretto's almond-like flavor?
Benzaldehyde
274
What is most modern Amaretto flavored with?
Apricot pits, peach pits, almonds or extracts.
275
Where were the earliest versions of Amaretto produced?
Saronno, Italy
276
What are some cocktails made with Amaretto?
Amaretto Sour
Godfather
Toasted Almond
Café Amore (Coffee drink)
277
When and where were chocolate infused alcoholic beverages first produced?
France in the 1660s.
278
What was ratafia de chocolat?
A chocolate liqueur offered by French pharmacies in the 1800s.
279
What are some popular dark chocolate liqueurs?
Mozart Chocolate Liqueur
Godiva Chocolate Liqueur
Vicenzi Bicerin de Giuandijotto
280
What is Vicenzi Bicerin de Giuandijotto?
A chocolate liqueur from Piedmont, Italy, flavored with chocolate and hazelnut.
281
What is Vermeer Dutch Chocolate Cream Liqueur?
A liqueur made with Dutch chocolate, cream, and vodka. Has a label featuring Johannes Vermeer's famous painting "The Girl with a Pearl Earring"
282
What is Crème de Cocoa?
A chocolate liqueur flavored with chocolate extract as well as vanilla, available in both white (clear) and dark versions.
283
What is Crème de Cocoa best known for?
Its use in sweet cocktails like the Grasshopper, Brandy Alexander, and Golden Cadillac.
284
How is Chocolate liqueur used?
As a Straight drink
Added to coffee or hot chocolate
Cocktails like Chocolate Martini
Ice cream topping
In confectionary recipes.
285
When was Disaronno first commercially produced?
The early 1900s
286
What is the history of Disaronno?
In 1525, a student of da Vinci was painting a fresco and used an innkeeper's daughter as the model. The model gave the artist a flask of a traditional local liqueur. Giovanni Reina discovered the recipe and passed it down within the family.
287
When and why was the name of Disaronno changed?
In the 20th century it had been bottled as Amaretto di Saronno, but in 2001 it was decided to return to its original name Disaronno Originale.
288
When was Frangelico first released?
The 1980s
289
Where is Frangelico made?
Piedmont, Italy
290
How is Frangelico made?
Hazelnuts are crushed and placed in a solution of alcohol and water. Then it is distilled and sweetened and blended with extracts of cocoa, vanilla, and other flavorings.
291
Where is Kahlúa made?
Mexico
292
When was Kahlúa first made?
1936
293
Who was Pedro Domecq?
Created Kahlúa.
294
What cocktails use Kahlúa?
B-52
White Russian
Black Russian
Mudslide
Espresso Martini
295
When and by whom was Kümmel first produced?
1575, by Dutch distiller Luca Bols.
296
What is Mentzendorff Kümmel?
A Latvian Kümmel now produced in France.
297
Where was Kümmel popular in the UK?
Golf clubs - sometimes referred to as "putting mixture".
298
Where is Kümmel currently produced?
Russia
France
Denmark
Netherlands
Germany
299
What three versions of German Kümmel have GI status in the EU?
Berliner Kümmel
Hamburger Kümmel
Münchener Kümmel
300
How is Kümmel classified in the EU?
As a flavored spirt.
301
How is Tia Maria often served?
On its own
In desserts (eg Tia Maria Torte)
Cocktails (Tia Maria Espresso Martini)
302
What is Tuaca?
A vanilla flavored liqueur from Livorno Italy. Now produced in Louisville, KY.
303
How old is the original recipe Tuaca, and who is it associated with?
Over 500 years, Lorenzo di Medici
304
Describe Tuaca.
A vanilla-flavored liqueur that is golden brown, made with a brandy base, and flavored with citrus (primarily orange) and vanilla.
305
Is Tuaca generic or proprietary?
Proprietary
306
Is Nocino generic or proprietary?
Generic
307
Is Sambuca Romana generic or proprietary?
Proprietary.
308
Is Liquore Strega generic or proprietary?
Proprietary.
309
What are some examples of Cream Liqueurs?
Amarula
Bailey's Irish Cream
RumChata
310
What is Amarula?
A cream liqueur from South Africa.
311
What is Amarula made from?
Sugar, cream, and the fruit of the African marula tree (Sclerocarya birrea)
312
The fruit from what tree, used to make Amarula, is a favorite treat of elephants.
The marula tree.
313
Where is RumChata produced?
In the US
314
Who first produced Bailey's Irish Cream?
Gilbeys of Ireland.
315
What flavor is RumChata derived from?
Horchata.
316
What is RumChata flavored with?
Cinnamon, vanilla, and other proprietary ingredients.
317
What are some well-known whiskey liqueurs?
Drambuie
Irish Mist
Rock & Rye
Southern Comfort
318
When was Drambuie first commercially produced?
1914.
319
What is Irish Mist?
A blend of Irish whiskey, honey and spices.
320
When was Irish Mist first produced?
1947
321
What drink is Bonnie Prince Charlie associated with?
Drambuie
322
Who claimed to have found the recipe for Irish Mist, and produced the liqueur in 1947?
Desmond E. Williams (the D.E.W. in Tullamore D.E.W.)
323
What is Rock & Rye?
An American liqueur made from rye whiskey and rock candy (or now, simple syrup).
324
When did Rock & Rye first become popular?
The 1800's.
325
What are some examples of Rock & Rye liqueurs?
Hochstadter's Slow & Low Rock and Rye (Cooper Spirits Co. of Philadelphia)
Mr. Katz's Rock & Rye (New York Distilling Company)
326
What is Southern Comfort?
A liqueur invented in New Orleans, originally made from bourbon.
327
Who first produced Southern Comfort?
Martin Wilkes Heron
328
What was the original name of Southern Comfort?
Cuffs and Buttons.
329
What were the original flavorings in Southern Comfort?
Bourbon, vanilla bean, lemon, cinnamon, cloves, cherries, peaches, and oranges.
330
What is Bärenfang?
A German vodka-based honey liqueur.
331
Who produces Bärenfang?
Teucke & Koenig in Steinhagen Germany.
332
What are the EU requirements for Sangria?
A red-wine-based beverage with citrus fruit and spices, sometimes with brandy, served over ice. As of 2014 must be product of Spain or Portugal. If not, must be labeled with place of origin, followed by Sangria (eg German Sangria).
333
What is Cremovo?
An egg based aromatized wine made with marsala. Produced exclusively in Sicily, where it may also be called Marsala all'Uovo.
334
What are some classic cocktails that include vermouth?
Martini
Manhattan
Americano
Negroni
335
What is Chambéry?
A region in the French alps with a long history of vermouth production. The home of House of Dolin and Distillerie des Alpes
336
What is the House of Dolin?
One of the original producers of Chambéry vermouth. Produces several styles of vermouth.
337
What is Dolin Blanc?
A sweet, white vermouth.
338
What is C. Comoz Blanc?
A sweet white vermouth produced by Dolin, using a recipe from 1856.
339
What is Chambéryzette?
A beverage local to Chambéry that combines Dolin dry vermouth with the juice of wild strawberries.
340
What is Distillerie des Alpes?
A vermouth producer in Chambéry making vermouth based on formulas passed down from Philibert Routin, an herbalist from the late 1800s.
341
What wines are Routin vermouths based on?
Wines from Savoie.
342
What is Routin Blanc?
A vermouth infused with a range of flavorings including vanilla, thyme, and elderflowers.
343
What is Routin Dry?
A vermouth produced using 17 botanicals including bitter almonds, rosemary, and rose petals.
344
What is the Marseilles style of vermouth?
A vermouth made from barrel-aged base wines resulting in oxidative, lightly wooded, and marsala-like properties.
345
When did Noilly Prat first begin large-scale production of vermouth?
The 1850s.
346
Where is Noilly Prat currently produced?
Marseillan, France - 130 miles from Marseilles.
347
What are some styles of vermouth produced by Noilly Prat?
Original Dry White Vermouth
Extra Dry White Vermouth
Rouge Vermouth
Ambre Vermouth
348
How is Noilly Prat Original White Vermouth produced?
Using local white wine barrel-aged for up to 12 months.
349
What are some of the flavorings in Noilly Prat white vermouth?
Chamomile
Gentian
Nutmeg
Bitter orange peel
350
What are some of the flavorings in Noilly Prat sweet red vermouth?
Saffron
Cloves
Cocoa beans
351
What are some of the flavorings for Noilly Prat ambre vermouth?
Cardamom
Cinnamon
Lavender.
352
What is Carpano Antica Formula?
A high end red vermouth produced by Carpano. Has a heavy addition of vanilla.
353
What is Carpano?
A notable producer of Torino-style vermouth, founded in 1786. Pioneered the sweeter, darker style of Torino vermouth.
354
Who currently owns Carpano?
The Milanese firm Branca.
355
What is Carpano Punt e Mes?
A drink that combines vermouth and bitters. Sometimes referred to as vermouth chinato or vermouth amari.
356
What is vermouth alla vaniglia?
Carpano Antica Formula - a designation for its heavy addition of natural vanilla.
357
What is Vermouth Chinato?
Another name for Punt e Mes.
358
What is Vermouth amari?
Another name for Punt e Mes.
359
Who was Giulio Cocchi?
One of the earliest producers of Torino style vermouth. Began making vermouth in 1891 in Asti.
360
What is Giulio Cocchi Spumanti Srl?
A distillery/winery that makes a wide range of products including grappa, sparkling wine, and amari, as well as vermouth.
361
What is Cocchi Storico Vermouth di Torino?
A sweet, amber hued vermouth produced from Cocchi's original, 120 year old recipe.
362
What is Boissiere?
A producer of vermouth located in Torino that also produces Chambéry style vermouth.
363
What is Vermouth di Torino Superiore GI?
A type of Vermouth di Torino with a minimum of 17% ABV
364
What is Trieste Vermouth?
The home of Stock Spirits Group, that makes Torino style vermouths in Trieste.
365
How is Spanish vermouth usually consumed?
On the rocks with a splash of soda water, garnished with perhaps a wedge of orange or green olives.
366
How does Spanish vermouth compare to Italian vermouth?
Spanish vermouth tends to be somewhat lighter and less bitter than Italian.
367
What is Perucchi?
A Spanish vermouth producer in Catalonia with a range of products including re white, extra dry, reservas, and special editions. Based on Spanish wines from Emporda, Valencia, and La Mancha.
368
What are Perucchi vermouths noted for?
Characteristic aromas of chamomile, ginger, lemon verbena, cinnamon, mint, and orange blossom.
369
What is Yzaguirre?
A vermouth producer in Tarragona in Catalonia Spain. Produces a range of vermouths. Some are oak-aged with a unique balsamic character.
370
How is Yzaguirre vermouth produced?
As a "mistela" vermouth. Some products are made using a base of unfermented grape must fortified with spirits to arrest fermentation.
371
What is Vermouth Miró?
A Catalonian producer of a range of vermouths.
372
What is Casa Mariol?
A Spanish vermouth made by the Vaquer family in Tarragona (Catalonia) Spain for over 100 years.
373
What is Casa Mariol Vermut Negre?
A black vermouth made using a base of local white wine made from Macabeo (AKA Viura) grapes and fortified with grape neutral spirits. Over 160 botanicals are used as flavorings. It spends up to six months in a solera-style oak-aging system.
374
What is Primitivo Quiles?
A Spanish Vermouth from the Alicante area of Spain. It produces "alpine style" vermouths using red wine based on Mouvedre. Proprietary formula contains cinnamon, clove, ginger, and nutmeg.
375
What is Lustau?
A Spanish Vermouth from Jerez in Andalucia based on sherry.
376
What is Vermut Rojo from Bodegas Lustau?
A premium red sherry Vermouth based on Pedro Ximénez and Amontillado.
377
What is Vermut Blanco from Bodegas Lustau?
A Spanish white Vermouth based on Palomino and Moscatel.
378
What is Vermut Rosé from Bodegas Lustau?
A unique Vermouth based on Palomino, Moscatel and Tintilla de Rota.
379
What is Uncouth Vermouth?
A Vermouth from Brooklyn with little relation to traditional styles. Flavors include apple and mint; pear, ginger and butternut squash; beet and eucalyptus; And Serrano chili and lavender.
380
What is Chinato d'Erbetti?
A Vini Amari originally from Piedmont, Italy. Now made outside of Italy as well.
381
What bittering agent is used in Barolo Chinato?
Calisaya bark - a species of Cinchona bark and a source of quinine.
382
Who is Giuseppe Cappellano?
An Italian pharmacist in Serralunga d'Alba in the late 19th century often cited as an original producer of Barolo Chinato, along with the house of Giulio Cocchi
383
How is Barolo Chinato served?
As an aperitivo, digestivo, or dessert wine. Excellent accompaniment to chocolate.
384
What is Cardamaro?
A vini amari produced in Pidemont based on Moscato wine and flavored with cardoon and blessed thistle. These botanicals were used in the Middle Ages and Renaissance to combat disease, including the black plague.
385
Describe Cardamaro.
Based on a sweet wine and is milder, mellower, and less intensely bitter than other Vini Amari. Nutty, oxidized, and aldehydic character similar to Sherry.
386
How is Quinquina made?
Cinchona bark is chipped or powdered and macerated into the wine. Sugar and other botanicals, as well as fortifying spirits, may be added.
387
What was Cinchona bark originally used for?
Medicinal purposes - particularly the quinine used to treat malaria.
388
What is Lillet?
A mild Quinquina created in Bordeaux.
389
What is Kina Lillet?
The original Lillet from Bordeaux, made from white Bordeaux wine with locally sourced fruits and herbs. Reformulated in 1986.
390
What is Lillet Blanc?
The reformulation of Kina Lillet. Less bitter, less sweet. Not appreciated by some consumers.
391
What is Dubonnet?
A Quinquina created in Paris in 1846 as Quinquina Dubonnet. Now produced by Heaven Hill Distilleries in Kentucky. Originally rouge, the blanc version was made later, primarily for the American market.
392
Who were Pallade and Simon Violet?
The inventors of Byrrh.
393
What is Byrrh Rare Assemblage?
A high end version of Byrrh introduced in 1999. Aged for a minimum of ten years in small oak barrels. Mahogany hue, intense aromas of candied red fruit, and flavors of vanilla, coffee and spice.
394
What is St. Raphael?
A French quinquina created in 1830 flavored with quinine extract, bitter oranges, cocoa, vanilla, and other ingredients. Both amber and rouge versions produced.
395
What is the history behind St. Raphael?
A French physician known as Dr. Juppet reportedly became nearly blind while working on his quiquina based elixir. Invoked St. Raphael who supposedly restored his sight.
396
Describe St. Raphael.
Balanced sweetness and bitterness characterized by red fruits with a hint of chocolate.
397
How is St. Raphael generally served?
On the rocks with a twist of lemon as an aperitif.
398
What is the white version of Cocchi Americano made using?
Moscato d'Asti, flavored with cinchona bark, citrus peel, spices, and other botanicals.
399
What is considered the closest contemporary product to the original Kina Lillet?
Cocchi Americano (white version)
400
What is Contratto Americano?
A former producer of Vermouth di Torino, now currently produces Contratto Americano Rosso as well as many other alcoholic beverages.
401
What is Contratto Americano based on and flavored with?
White wine made from the Cortese grape, botanicals steeped in brandy, caramelized sugar, and over 30 ingredients including mint, ginger, hibiscus flower, nettle, wormwood, lemon peel, licorice, angelica, and bitter orange peel.
402
What is Vermouth di Torino?
A specific product with GI status in the EU. It must be produced within the region of Piedmont using a base of Italian wine and must be fortified with the addition of spirits. The main flavoring must be artemisia and the ABV must be between 16-22%.
403
What are some examples of Vini Amari?
Chinato d'Erbetti
Barolo Chinato
Cardamaro
404
What is Chinato d'Erbetti?
A Vini Amari originally from Piedmont, Italy. Now made outside of Italy as well.
405
How is Barolo Chinato produced?
Using a range of production techniques, some infuse directly into the wine, other create an infusion (botanicals and distilled base spirit) that is later blended into the wine.
406
What are some different versions of Lillet?
Lillet Blanc
Lillet Rouge
Lillet Rosé
Réserve Jean de Lillet Blanc (based on Sauternes)
Réserve Jean de Lillet Rouge.
407
What is used in the production of the red version of Cocchi Americano?
Wine produced from a blend of Brachetto and Malvasia grapes, with cinchona bark, citrus peel, spices, rose petal, ginger, and other botanicals.
408
What is Fernet Branca?
A spirit amari invented in Milan in 1845.
409
What is fernet?
A type of herbal-based bitter made in Italy and other countries (eg Mexico)
410
Where is Fernet Branca particularly popular?
San Francisco and Argentina.
411
What beverage was consumed legally in San Francisco during prohibition on the grounds of being medicinal?
Fernet Branca.
412
What is Fernet-Vallet?
A Fernet produced in Mexico.
413
What ingredients are likely to be found in good fernet?
Most likely: Myrrh, Saffron
Others: linden, galanga, peppermint oil, sage, bay leaves, gentian root, St. John's wort, rhubarb, chamomile, cardamom, aloe, and bitter orange.
414
What is Cynar?
An amaro made with artichokes, first produced in Italy in 1949.
415
What is Zucca?
Am Italian amaro created in 1845 using rhubarb, gentian, cardamom, and vanilla, as well as spices and botanicals advised by Chinese herbal medicine.
416
What beverage was awarded a contract to supply the royal house of Italy with Amaro due to its appreciation by King Vittorio Emmanuel?
Zucca.
417
Describe Zucca.
Bittersweet, smoky flavor profile, often served neat as an aperitivo or over ice with soda.
418
What is Campari?
An amaro with an intense bitter-orange flavor invented in Italy in 1860, one of the earliest Italian amari to become popular outside of Europe.
419
What is Averna?
A Sicilian Amaro.
420
Describe Averna.
Smooth, rich, brown amari with flavors of licorice, cola, sassafras, chocolate, and citrus.
421
What amaro is used in the Black Manhattan?
Averna.
422
What is Amaro Nonino?
An Italian amaro based on grape brandy and local herbs from the Carnia Mountains.
423
What is special about Amaro Nonino Quintessentia?
It is based on Nonino single-variety grape brandy, uses local products whenever possible, is aged for five years in oak barrels of Nevers, Limousin, and ex-sherry origin. Has a smoothness not always seen in other amari.
424
What is Ramazzotti?
One of the oldest amari in Italy from Milan, based on a proprietary blend of 33 herbs, roots and other botanicals.
425
What is Amaro Montenegro?
An Italian amaro first created in Bologna in 1885. Named in honor of Princess Elena of Montenegro, who became second queen of Italy after marrying Victor Emmaanuel III. Slightly sweet, less bitter.
426
Who were Silvio and Luigi Barbieri?
The inventors of Aperol.
427
When and where where was Aperol created?
In 1919 in Padua, Italy.
428
What is Chartreuse?
A French amer first produced in Grenoble in 1737.
429
Which amer is produced by Carthusian monks?
Chartreuse.
430
What is Une Tarragone?
A liqueur produced by the Carthusian monks in Tarragona Spain after they were expelled from France and the Chartreuse distillery was nationalized.
431
Where is Chartreuse currently produced?
Voiron, France.
432
What is VEP Chartreuse?
A chartreuse that is aged longer than the yellow and green versions and packaged in a reproduction of the bottles used in 1840. Each is individually numbered, sealed with wax, and preserved in a wooden box.
433
What is Suze?
A bright yellow French amer created in Paris in 1889, now produced by Pernod Ricard.
434
What amer was featured in a collage by Picasso?
Suze.
435
What is in Suze?
Wild gentian root harvested from the mountains of the Jura and Auvergne regions of France, as well as vanilla, dried wildflowers, fennel, bitter oranges, and honey.
436
What is Salers?
A French amer produced in the Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region since 1855.
437
How is Salers made?
Hand picked gentian root is steeped in neutral spirits. It is later distilled and flavored with other botanicals before being aged in French oak.
438
Describe Salers.
Natural, light straw-yellow color with aromas of citrus peel, mint and vanilla. Slightly sweet, somewhat bitter, refreshing and complex.
439
What is a white negroni?
A cocktail made with gin, white/blanc aromatized wine, and Salers.
440
What is Bénédictine?
A French amer produced in Fécamp in Normandy, France.
441
What is the legend around Bénédictine?
Alexandre Le Grand alleged that he discovered the 350 year old recipe created by a monk for a secret elixir. There is debate as to whether this is true or a marketing scheme.
442
What is Bénédictine based on?
Cognac.
443
On what French amer is D.O.M. (Deo Optimo Maximo - To God, most good, most great)?
Bénédictine
444
What is B&B (Bénédictine and Brandy)?
A less sweet and less intensely herbal version of Bénédictine.
445
What drink features Bénédictine?
The Vieux Carré, invented in New Orleans.
446
What is in the Vieux Carré?
Bénédictine, rye whiskey, cognac, and sweet vermouth.
447
What is Picon?
A French amer with a distinctly bitter orange flavor developed in 1837.
448
What is Picon Punch?
A cocktail popular in the Basque regions of Spain, featuring Picon, grenadine, and soda water served over ice with a twist of lemon.
449
What is the Brooklyn?
A variation on the Manhattan that features Picon, rye, dry vermouth, and maraschino liqueur.
450
What is in the Liberal Cocktail?
Picon, sweet vermouth, orange bitters.
451
What is the top-selling bittered spirit in the world?
Jägermeister
452
What style of liqueur similar to Jägermeister is produced in Central Europe?
Kräuterlikör.
453
Who was Curt Mast?
The original distiller of Jägermeister.
454
Who was Saint Hubertus?
The patron saint of hunters, whose story is reflected in the label on Jägermeister.
455
What is Zwack Unicum?
A Hungarian bitter liqueur created using over 40 different botanicals and aged 6 months in oak barrels.
456
Who was Dr. Jozsef Zwack?
The inventor of Unicum.
457
What is Becherovka?
A Czech bittered spirit, currently produced by Pernod Ricard..
458
What spirit is produced in Karlovy Vary?
Becherovka.
459
Who was Josef Vitus Becher?
The inventor of Becherovka.
460
What is the Drogikamr room?
A room where the secret formula for Becherovka is kept, where only two people are allowed access.
461
What is the Beton?
A cocktail made using Becherovka, invented to be served in the Czech Pavilion at the 1967 World Expo in Montreal.
462
What is Gammel Dansk Bitter Dram?
A Danish bittered spirit created in 1964. It uses rowanberry bitters as well as 28 other botanicals.
463
Describe Becherovka.
Bittersweet with spicy flavors of ginger, cinnamon and clove.
464
Describe Gammel Dansk Bitter Dram.
Copper-colored, moderately bitter, and quite spicy. Flavors of Rowanberry, anise, gentian, ginger, and cinnamon.
465
What is Margerum Amaro?
A California Amaro made in Santa Barbara. .
466
When and where were Peychaud's Bitters invented?
New Orleans in 1830.
467
Who was Antoine Amédée?
The Haitian Creole inventor of Peychaud's Bitters.
468
What were coquetiers?
Dainty eggcups originally used to serve Peychaud's Bitters - may be a possible explanation for the origin of the term "cocktail"
469
What cocktail includes Peychaud's bitters as an integral part?
The Sazerac.
470
What are Fee Brothers Bitters?
An American bitters product originally started by brothers in a saloon. They come in over a dozen flavors.
471
What are Regan's #6 Orange Bitters?
Created in 1990, based on formerly very common bitters, to make pre-prohibition era cocktails.
472
What are the five leading brands of bittered spirits?
Aperol
Campari
Fernet Branca
Jägermeister
Ramazzotti
473
What are some anise flavored spirits?
Rakii
Arak
Absinthe
Pernod
Pastis
Herbsaint
Ouzo
474
What are some juniper flavored spirits other than gin?
Steinhäger
Genever
Wacholder
475
What is Brennerei Everbusch
One of the oldest operating Wacholder distilleries located in Hagen, Germany.
476
What is Wacholder?
A classic German juniper flavored spirit. Mainly found in North Rhine - Westphalia.
477
What is H.W. Schichte?
The oldest producer of Steinhäger in Germany.
478
What is Steinhäger?
A German juniper flavored spirit over 500 years old. A triple distilled, mellow, grain spirit. It's packaged in bottles that resemble traditional stone crocks.
479
What is the minimum ABV for juniper flavored spirits (other than gin) in the EU?
30% ABV
480
What is Pacharán?
A flavored spirit produced in northern Spain using sloe berries. May be dry or slightly sweet.
481
What is used to produce Pacharán
Sloe berries, coffee beans, and vanilla, soaked in anise flavored spirits.
482
At what ABV is Pacharán bottled?
25-30%
483
What are three areas of Greece outside of Lesvos with GI designations for Ouzo?
Kalamata
Thrace
Macedonia
484
What are the two cities on Lesvos with their own GI for Ouzo?
Mytilene
Plomari
485
What Greek island is a traditional center of Ouzo production?
Lesvos
486
Where is Ouzo as a protected product produced?
Cyprus
Greece
487
Who were J. Marion Legendre and Reginald Parker?
The creators of Herbsaint.
488
What is Herbsaint?
An American anise liqueur created in New Orleans
489
What is Pernod Ricard?
The company formed after a merger of Pernod and Pastis.
490
What is Pernod?
An anise spirit similar to absinthe, but without the wormwood and lower in alcohol. Created when Maison Pernod Fils Distillery in Pontarlier reopened in 1928.
491
What is Absinthe de Pontarlier?
An absinthe produced in France (in the Jura Mountains) with GI status. Must use locally grown wormwood. Required to be bottled at a minimum 45% ABV.
492
What was Maison Pernod Fils?
An absinthe distillery in Pontarlier France, the second opened by Major Henri Dubied and Henry-Louis Pernod.
493
Who was Major Henri Dubied?
Along with Henry-Louis Pernod, acquired the formula for absinthe and opened the first absinthe distillery in Couvet, Switzerland
494
Who were the Henriod sisters?
According to one legend, the first producers of Absinthe.
495
Who was Dr. Piere Ordinarie?
A French doctor living in Switzerland who, according to one legend, may have invented Absinthe.
496
Where was Absinthe believed to have been first produced?
Neuchatel, Switzerland.
497
What is Arak?
An anise-flavored spirit produced in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East.
498
What is Lion's Milk?
Another name for Raki.
499
What is a kopstoot?
The name for a chilled shot of Jonge genever consumed with a small beer on the side. Literal translation is headbutt.
500
What is lignin?
A "glue-like" substance in oak that helps cement the fiber cells in the wood together. Also the source of methoxyphenols in oak that provides vanilla and smoke aromas.
501
What is Hemicellulose in oak?
An organic compound responsible for the red layer that forms in charred barrels. It contains many different sugars easily soluble in alcohol.
502
What does cellulose provide in oak?
Structural integrity and chemical resistance. Sometimes called the skeleton.
503
What are extractives in oak?
Organic compounds present in wood in tiny amounts, including gums, resins, waxes and tannins.
504
What percentage of oak is made up of extractives?
5-10%.
505
What are some extractives found in oak?
Gums, fats, resins, waxes, oils, starches, coconut-scented lactones, volatile phenolic acids, tannins.
506
What percentage of oak is lignon?
25-30%
507
What percentage of oak is hemicellulose?
20-30%
508
What percentage of oak heartwood is cellulose?
40%
509
What are the three main structural component of oak?
Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
510
What are some popular whisky cocktails?
Manhattan
Rob Roy
Old Fashioned
Mint Julep
511
What are the top producers of barley?
Russia
Germany
France
Canada
Spain
512
What climate is required for barley?
It grows in both temperate and tropical climates, but not in truly cold climates.
513
What are the two main types of barley?
Two-row and six-row.
514
Which type of barley is generally preferred for whiskey production?
Two-row. Has a slightly lower protein content so contains more starch.
515
What is Korn?
A grain spirit made in northern Germany since at least 1507. Referred to grain in general rather than what Americans know as corn today.
516
What grains are permitted in Korn?
Mainly rye and malted barley. Oats, buckwheat and wheat are also permitted. Must be 2/3 rye or wheat, no more than 1/3 barley or malt.
