Scapular and Pectoral Regions Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
Connects UL to the axial skeleton
A
Clavicle and scapula
2
Q
Where does the UL articular with the sternum
A
Sternoclavicular
3
Q
Is the sternum apart of the pectoral girdle
A
Sternum
4
Q
From manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula
A
Clavicle
5
Q
to act as a strut for holding the UL free from the trunk so it may have maximum range of motion
A
Function of the clavicle
6
Q
posterolateral aspect of thorax (2nd to 7th ribs) – connect the clavicle to the humerus
A
Scapula
7
Q
Humerus Radius Ulna Carpal bones (wrist) metacarpal bones of hand phalanges (fingers)
A
Superior portion of appendicular skeleton
8
Q
Another word for pectoral girdle
A
Shoulder or Shoulder girdle
9
Q
2 joints of the shoulder complex
A
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular Glenohumeral joints.
10
Q
a synovial ball and socket articulation of the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
A
Glenohumeral joint
11
Q
Multiaxial with a wide ROM usually provided at the cost of skeletal stability.
A
Glenohumeral joint
12
Q
What provides joint stability to pectoral girdle?
A
- rotator cuff muscles/tendons
- long head of the biceps brachii m.
- elated bony processes
- extracapsular ligaments
13
Q
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation and circumduction.
A
Movements of pectoral girdle
14
Q
Shoulder pads
A
Deltoid m
15
Q
Lats little helper
A
Teres major m
16
Q
4 muscles of the rotator cuff
A
- Supraspinatus m
- Infraspinatus m
- Teres minor m
- Subscapularis m
17
Q
Action of the deltoid
A
abducts humerus (1°), flexes, extends & rotates humerus (2°)
18
Q
N: Axillary n. & Post. Circumflex Humeral vessels
A
Deltoid muscle
19
Q
What vertebrae does the axillary nerve associated with?
A
C5, C6
20
Q
Function of Teres Major
A
medially rotates & extends humerus
21
Q
N: Lower (inferior) Subscapular n. & subscapular vessels
A
Teres Major muscle
22
Q
Vertebrae associated with Lower subscapular nerve
A
C5-C7
23
Q
Where does the action of teres major occur?
A
Glenohumeral joint
24
Q
Contributes to adduction of the humerous
A
Teres Major m.
25
Action of Supraspinatus m.
abducts humerus (1st 15°)
26
What innervates Supraspinatus m
- Suprascapular n. & vessels
| - Dorsal scapular vessels
27
1st 15 degrees of abduction – initiates the abduction but doesn’t drop out when the deltoid begins acting
Supraspinatus
28
. The supraspinatus continues to play an active role reaching its maximum at approximately
110 deg of abduction
29
Action of the infraspinatus m
Laterally rotates humerus
30
Innervation of infraspinatus
-Suprascapular n. & vessels -subscapular vessels
31
Spinal level associated with Suprascapular n
C5-C6
32
Spinal level associated with Axillary n
C5-C6
33
Action of Teres minor m
Lateral rotation of humerus
34
Innervention of Teres minor m
- Axillary N
| - Suprascapular and subscapular vessels
35
Action of subscapularis
Medial rotation of humerus
36
Innervation of subscapularis m
- Upper and lower subscapular nn
| - Subscapular vessels
37
Helps prevent upward displacement of head of humerus
Rotator cuff
38
Membranous sac containing lubricating synovial fluid
Subacromial (Subdeltoid) Bursa
39
Inferior to acromion & deltoid but superior to supraspinatus m.
Subacromial (Subdeltoid) Bursa
40
Does the subacromial bursa communicate with jt. capsule?
No
41
Bursa that are associated with the joint but not connected to it
Subacromial bursa and Supraspinatus muscle (joint capsule)
42
Between the acromnion
Subacromial (subdeltoid)
43
What causes the subacromial bursa to be continuous with the joint
Attrition of the supraspinatus tendon
44
When does the supraspinatus tendon usually degenerate?
Middle age
45
Up to ¼ of adults rupture supraspinatus tendon by
65
46
What happens when capsule opens, continuous with bursa
Painful shoulder with limited arm movement
47
Name the 3 spaces of the shoulder region
- Quadrangular space
- Triangular space
- Triangular interval
48
What goes through Quadrangular space
Axillary N. and Posterior circumflex humeral a.
49
What does through the triangular space
Circumflex scapular a
50
What goes through triangular interval
Radial N. and Profunda brachii a
51
Muscles of the quadrangular space
- Teres minor m
- Teres major m
- Long head of triceps brachii m
52
What does the quadrangular space contain?
Axillary n & posterior circumflex humeral vessels
53
Superior border of quadrangular space
Teres minor m
54
Inferior border of quadrangular space
Teres major m
55
Medial border of quadrangular space
Long head of triceps brachii m
56
Lateral border of quadrangular space
Surgical neck of humerus
57
What are the components of the triangular space
- Teres minor m
- Teres major m
- Long head of triceps brachii ,
58
What does the triangular space contain
Circumflex scapular vessels
59
What is the superior border of the triangular space?
Teres minor m
60
What is the inferior border of the triangular space?
Teres major m
61
What is the lateral border of the triangular space
long head of triceps brachii m.
62
What are the components triangular interval?
- Teres major m
- Long head of triceps brachii
- Lateral head of the triceps brachii.
63
What is superior border of the Triangular interval
Teres major m
64
What is the medial border of the triangular interval
Long head of the triceps brachii
65
What is the lateral border of the triangular interval
Lateral head of the triceps brachii m
66
What does the triangular interval?
Radial n & Deep brachial a
67
Another name for the deep brachial artery
Profunda brachial a
68
Neurovascular supply of the shoulder region
- Suprascapular n and a
- Dorsal Scapular n and a
- Accessory n. and transverse cervical a.
- Upper and lower subscapular nerves and Subscapular art
69
What is the spinal correlation of Suprascapular N.
Ventral rami of C5-C6
70
Runs under supr. trans. scap. lig. thru suprascap. notch
Suprascapular nerve
71
What does the subscapular nerve branch off of?
Thyrocervical trunk
72
Runs over supr. trans. scap. lig. above suprascap. notch
Suprascapular artery
73
What does the suprascapular n and a supply?
Supraspinatus m and infraspinatus m
74
Pass thru spinoglenoid notch to infraspinatus fossa
Suprascapular n and a
75
Runs under the superior transverse scapular ligament
Suprascapular nerve
76
Passes over the superior transverse scapular ligament
Suprascapular artery
77
What does the dorsal scapular nerve come off of?
Ventral ramus of C5
78
What does the deep trans. cervical a come off of
Deep trans. cervical a.
79
What does the dorsal scapular nerve and deep transverse cervical a supply?
Levator scapulae and rhomboid mm
80
Run parallel to vertebral border of scapula
dorsal scapular nerve and deep transverse cervical a
81
What does the accesory nerve come off of?
Brainstem (CN XI)
82
What does the transverse cervical artery come off of
Superficial transverse cervical a
83
Branch of the thryocervical trunk
Superficial transverse artery
84
Runs deep to trapezius m
Superficial transverse a
85
What do the accesory n and transverse cervical a supply
Trapezuis
86
What is on the deep surface of trapezius m
Accessory n
87
ventral rami (cut) at the medial edge that contribute to the plexus
C3-C4
88
runs deep to the trapezius m., posterolaterally from the thyrocervical trunk
Transverse cervical a. and v.
89
Comes off of the posterior cord of brachial plexus
Upper and lower Subscapular Nerves
90
Ventral rami of C5-C6
Upper and lower Subscapular Nerves
91
Comes off of the axillary artery
Subscapular artery
92
What does the subscapular artery split into
- Thoracodorsal a
| - Circumflex scapular a
93
What does the upper and lower subscapular nerves and subscapular a supply?
Subscapularis m
94
What supplies teres major m
Lower subscapular nerve and subscapular artery
95
What does the subscapular artery anastome with
Suprascapular and dorsal scapular artery
96
What type of circulation is in the scapular region
Collateral
97
What ensures adequate blood supply to UL
Collateral circulation of the scapular region
98
In event of insufficient circulation where does collateral circulation flow through?
Axillary a / temporary ligation
99
What is collateral circulation by?
Thyrocervical trunkn and subscapular a
100
Ligated axillary a ligates between
thyrocervical trunk and subscapular artery
101
Where is the blood flow in scapular region reversed in collateral circulation
Subscapular artery
102
Where can blood not flow to UL if there is damage
Anywhere distal to scapula
103
Region of m. attachment between upper limb and anterior chest
Pectoral Region
104
What is the pectoral region composed of
Pec major m and pec minor m
105
What is the pec major divided into
Clavicular and sternocostal heads
106
What envelopes pec minor
Clavipectoral fascia
107
What is the action of pectoralis major
Adducts and medially rotates humerus
108
What innervates the pectoralis major m
- Medial and lateral pectoral muscle
| - Thoracoacrominal vessels
109
Action of pectoralis minor
Protracts scapular
110
What innervates pectoralis minor
- Medial pectoral n
| - Thoracoacromial vessels
111
Pectoral region arterial supply
- Lateral thoracic (mammary) a
- Internal thoracic (mammary) a
- Thoracoacromial a
112
What is the lateral thoracic artery a branch of
Axillary a
113
What does the lateral thoracic a run with
long thoracic n
114
Supplies lateral thorax, lateral pec region, and lateral breast
Lateral thoracic artery
115
What does the lateral thoracic artery run superficial to
Serratus anterior m
116
What is the thoracoacromial artery a branch of
Axillary a. (under pec minor)
117
4 branches off of thoracoacromial artery
- Pectoral a
- Clavicular a
- Acromial a
- Deltoid a
118
What branch of thoracoacromial artery supplies upper pec region
Pectoral a
119
Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies clavicle region
Clavicular a
120
Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies upper should region
Acromial a
121
Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies lower shoulder region
Deltoid a
122
Pectoral region innervation
- Cutaneous nerves
- Medial pectoral nerve
- Lateral pectoral nerve
- Long thoracic nerve
123
Spinal level of cutaneous nerves
T1-T6
124
lateral & anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nn.
Cutaneous nerves
125
Purpose of cutaneous nerves
General sensory
126
Medial cord of brachial plexus
Medial pectoral nerve
127
Where is the median pectoral nerve derived from?
Ventral rami
| C8-T1
128
What does the medial pectoral nerve pierce and enter?
Pierces pectoralis minor m to enter pectoralis major m
129
What does the medial pectoral nerve supply?
Pectoralis minor m and part of pectoralis major m
130
Lateral cord of brachial plexus
Lateral pectoral nerve
131
Where is the lateral pectoral nerve derived from
Ventral rami
| C5-C7
132
Runs above pectoralis minor m. to enter pectoralis major m.
Lateral pectoral nerve
133
What does the lateral pectoral nerve supply
Pec major m
134
Where is the long thoracic nerve derived from
Ventral rami
| C5-C7
135
What does the long thoracic nerve supply?
Serratus anterior m superficially
136
What can be damaged during mastectomy
Long thoracic nerve
137
What does damage to the long thoracic nerve cause
Winged scapula
138
Holds UL to thoracic wall
Long thoracic nerve
139
Lies on the superficial surface of serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve
